Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 9.djvu/426

 unm 385 LOUIS

^^_, .. ®*^ (T/onHon, 1892); Jac, Vie, lated into the various European Iar\guaees and several

1903); Lavwujb, \ le, etc. <»;»ri». 11J07 ^ j^^^q Turkisli and Japanese. The best known of his

AUSTIN rouLAiN. agcetical writings, and the one that achieved the LooIb of Ouoiia. Venerable, Friar Minor and greatest measure of success, is "The Sinner's Guide" founder of the Frati Bigi; b. at Casori^, near Naples, C^a ^uia de Pecadores). This work was pubUshed at 11 March, 1814; d, at Pausilippo, 30 March, 1885. Badajoa m looo. It is inarked by a smooth, har- Hia name in the world was Archangel© Piihnentiere. moiuoiw style of purest Spanwh whom which has On 1 July, 1832, he entered the Order of Friars Minor, mented for it the reputation of a classic, and by an ftnd shortly after the completion of the year's no viti- unctuous eloquence that has made it a perennial source ate was appointed to teach philosophy and mathemat- o[ religious msmraUon. It has been most {a^x>ur.

ies in the ftinciscan convent of San Pietro in Naples. aWy compared with A Kempis s " Inutation of C hnst^ FoOowing the advice of his superiors, he instituted a ^^ ^^hm a comparatively short time after its first

bfmch of the Third Order at San Pietro from the mem- appearance it was translated into Italian, Latin.

bers of which he formed later a reUgious institute, Irench, German Pohsh, and Greek. A new and

eommonly known as the Frati Bigi on account of the revised Enghsh tnmslation was published at New

grayish or ashen colour of their habits. Louis in- ^ or^ ^ 1889. His Memonal of the Christian Life stituted likewise a congregation of religious women, (Memorial de la vida Christiana) is almost equally

known as the Suore Bi5e, whom he placed under the ^'^^^ known. In 1576 he published at Lisbon a

protectionofSt.EUsabeth of Hungary. Abouttheyear ^^}^ ^ork on the principles of pulpit oratorv(Rhe-

1862 he opened a school for the education of African ^^ncae Ecclesiastics, sive de ratione concionandi). It

bcOT and girls redeemed from slavery. Ten years enjoyed an extensive vogue, not only m Spain, but in

before his death he was attacked with a serious and ^^* ^^ *^e countries of Europe; new editions ap-

painful iUness, from which he never completely re- P?2j;p4i"^,^?.^'y, ** X^^i^^?^)i.^^^^^ Q^^^' covered. The numerous works of charity in Naples, ^^2, loll), Milan (1585), and Fans (1635). A bpan- Rome, Assisi, and Florence which owe their origin to '^^ translation was published at Madrid in 1585. To Louis of Casoria, as well as the fame for sanctity which illustrate the principles embodied in this work, a he enj<^ed even during his lifetime, account for the volume of the author's sermons, marked by great pu- veneratKm in which he was held by all classes, high "^y of style and deep religious feeling, was published and low aHke. The cause of his beatification was seven years after his death. In all, some twenty- introduced in Rome in 1907. seven works are attnbuted to his pen. A Latin edi-

Ada OrdinU Minorum (BCay, 1907), 156-158- The CaiMie tion of all his wntmgs was published by Andrew Schott

SS? iSwrSSlS. ^®®*^' *^^^* ^*^ ^* '^'"*'' ^'»^*<> and Michael of Isselt at Cologne in 1628-29. A com-

(juQr* iwi7>« 23-20. -m* TA olcte edition of his ascetical works was brought out at

Stephen M. Donovan. gf^^d, in 1679, by Dionysius Stoche. Moif no, O.P.,

Lonla of Oranada, theologian, writer, and preacher; and^ a complete edition of his sermons, m French, at

b. of very humble parentage at Granada, Spain, 1505; ^^^f iu 1868. . », ., . „, ,, , ,o.„v

d, at libon. 31 Dec^. 1588 At the aRe of (t^^^^A^S'^^^rk'^^^'^UlTkZ-^!^'^]

nineteen he was received into the Dominican Order hommes iUtutresdeVOrdrede Saint Dominique, IV IVuns, 1743-

in the convent of Santa Cms, Granada. With a *«)• 5^592; Hurteii, Nomenciator liurariug, I. Tlie firet

«wiam4-aK^v r»/ 4-1«a l«Bf*kAa4- y^imlUtr A««rl ♦ka mTi- ^9 »»•»_ TiBTt oi Tm Stntiera QuMie entitled Counseiaon Homu:vt of Life,

mentahty of the hi^est quality and the gift of unre- £J. Shiplkt in The Ascetic LUmiry, Vlll (London, isoq/, con- nutting apphcation he united a profoundly spintual uins a brief sketch of the author's life. character which promised a brilliant and fruitful J. B. O'Conxor. career in the service of the Chureh. His philosophical

studies finished, he was chosen by his superiors to Louis of Toulouse, Saint^ Bishop of Toulouse, represent his convent at the College of St. Gregory at generally represented vested in pontifical garments Valladolid,. an institution of the Dominican Order and holding a book and a crosier, b. at Brignoles, Pro- reserved for students possessed of more than ordi- vence, Feb., 1274: d. there, 19 Aug., 1297. lie was nary ability. Here he acquitted himself with rare the second son or Charles II of Anjou. called the distinction, not only in the regular ecclesiastical Lune, King of Naples (1288-1309), and nephew 61 courses, but in the humanities, to which he gave St. Louis IX of Franco; and of Marv of Ilungary. special attention at the request of his superiors. His whose great-aunt was St. Elizabeth of Hungary, it studies completed, he at once entered upon the career in some and even early sources (/Vnalecta FrancLscanar of a preacher, in which he continued with extraordi- IV, 310) he is called primogenitus^ it is only because he naiy success during forty years. The fame of his succeeded to the rights of his eldest brother, Charles preaching spread b^ond the boundaries of his native Martel (d. 1295). In 12.S8 Louis was sent with two of land, ana at the request of the Cardinal Infante, Dom his brothers to the Kingdom of Anigon as hostage Henrique of Portugal, son of King Manuel, he was forhisfather,whohadl>eon(Iofoatc(Ian(lcapture(lina transferred io the latter ooimtnr, where he became naval battle off Naples by the Sicilians and Aragonians provincial of the Portuguese Dominicans in 1557. (1284). During the seven years of their captivity His extraordinary sanctity, learning, and wisdom soon ( 1288-95) in the castle of Sciurana, Dioc^so of Farra- attracted the attention of the queen regent, who ap- gona^ and partly in Barcelona, tlie education of the

B minted ^ him her confessor and counsellor. The three princes was entrusted to some Franciscan friars,

ishopric of Viseu and the Archbishopric of Braga were amon^ whom were Ponzius Carbonelli (Analecta

successively offered to him only to be courteously, but Franciscana, IV, 310), Peter of Falgar, and Richard of

firmly, renised. The honours of the cardinalate, Middleton (.Vnalecta Bollandiana, IX, 205). Peter

offered to him by Pope Sixtus V, were also declined. John 01i\'i, the groat Franciscan Spiritual, was also

Among the hundreds of eminent ascetical writers one of their friends, who on 18 May, 1295, wrote them a

of Spain, Louis of Granada remains unsurpassed in the long letter, published by Elirle in " Archiv f. Litt. u.

beauty and purity of his style, the soliditv of his doc- Kirchengesch.", III^ 531-40 (see ibid., 430-41).

trine, and thiB popularity and influence of nis writings. Louis outstripped his brothers both in holiness anfl

Besides asoeticaf theology, his published works treat learning, and, during a severe illness, made the vow

of Scripture, dogma, ethics, biography, and histery. to become a Friar Minor.

He is best known, however, for ms ascetical writings. He was still in captivity when Celestine V entrusted

The appreciation of their worth extended throughout to him the administration of the Archbishopric of

Europe, and later to America, and their popularitv still Lyons, on 7 Oct., 1294 (Bullar. Franc., IV, 332), hav-

remains but little impaired after the passage ot four ing pre\nousIy granted Francis of Apt, 0.1'\M., the

hundfed years. Neariy all of thesa works were trans- saint's confessor, the faculty of giving him the clerical IX.— 25