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LODX

vainly seeking his Via Media between Catholicism ami Anglicanism. After a few weeks' hesitation, he declared to Newman that he could not go on for An- glican ordination doubting its validity as he did. Newman sent him to W. G. Ward, who persuaded him to return to Littlemore for three years.

About a year later, however, his meeting with Father Gentfli of the newly-founded Order of Charity, at Ward's rooms, brougnt matters to a crisis. In August, 1843, he visited Father Gentili at Loughbor- ou^, intending to stay only a few hours, but his visit resulted in a three days' retreat and his reception into the Church. On 29 August he was received into the Rosminian Institute; he made his simple vows on 7 April, 1844, and his solenm profession 8 Sept., 1845. He was the first of the Tractarians to become a Cath- olic, and his conversion greatly afTected Newman, w^ho shortly afterwards preached at Littlemore his last sermon as an Anglican, "The Parting of Friends". All communication between Lockhart and his mother ceased at first, by Maiining's orders, but mother and son were soon reconciled, and in July, 1846, Mrs. Lockhart followed her son into the Catholic Church. In November, 1844, he was included in the new com- munity at Calvary House, RatcLffe — the first Ros- minian foundation in En^nd. He was ordained subdeacon at Oscott on 19 December, 1845, and dea- con on 5 June, 1846, and on 19 Dec. of the same year was raised to the priesthood at Ratcliffe Colle^. After some months devoted to the preaching of mis- sions, Lockhart was entrusted with the pastoral charf^ of Shepshed, on 5 June, 1847. He w^as still occasionally employed for mission work, and in 1850 was definitely appointed for this duty. After some years' successful preaching in various part^ of England and Ireland, he was compelled, owing to ill-health, to spend the winter of 1853 at Rome. On his return

t'oumey he paid a memorable visit to the celebrated talian philosopher, Abbate Rosmini, at Stresa. In 1854 he was deputed to select a suitable place in Lon- don for the establishment of a house and church of his order. At the suggestion of Manning, he chose Kings- land, and imtil 1875 had to bear the burden of anxiety in connexion with this foundation. In Dec, 1873, he

Purchased at his own expense St. Etheldreda's out of hanccry, and thus restored one of London's oldest churches (thirteenth century) to Catholic worship. Removing to St. Etheldreda's in 1879, when the work of repair was completed, he established himself there until his death, altnough he continued for many years to give missions and retreats. After 1881 he spent the winters in Rome as procurator general of the con- gregation, and was there frec^uently called upon to give a series of sermons in English. His death, of syn- cope, occurred very unexpect<?dly.

lie was perhaps best known as the foremost En- glish disciple of llosmini, founder of the Institute of Charity. Several volumes of that philosopher's works were translated either by him or under his supervision, and in 1886 he wrote the second volume of the "Life of Antonio Rosmini-Serbati ", of which the first vol- ume had ^x^en written by G. S. MacW^alter in 1883. He was an able polemic and was closely connected with two well-known Catholic periodicals, " Catholic Opiliion ",'which he founded and conducted until it was merged in "The Tablet", and "The Lamp", to which he was for twenty years the principal contributor. Besides his numerous contributions to these papers he wrote: "The Old Religion" (2nd ed., London, 1870); "Review of Dr. Pusev's Eirenicon" (2nd ed., London, 1866), reprinted from* " The Weekly Register " ; " Com- munion of Saints" (London, 1868); "Cardinal New- man. Reminiscences of fifty years since by one of his oldest living Disciples" (London, 1891). For some years before his death he had been engaged on a seo- ond volume to form a sequel to "The Old Religion", the best-known of his polemical works.

Hirst. Biography of Father LockhaH (RatcUfFe OoUefe, 1808); Weekly Reaitter, LXXXV. 657-58. 091; Cath. New i2\ May, 1892) ; CaOi. Tinier (20 and 27 May. 1892) ; The TimeB (LoDdon. 18 May, 1892); Tht ilMcmnim (London, 21 May. 1892); Tki Tablet (21 May, 1892); Gillow, BibL Did. EngTCath,, s. ▼.

Thomas Kennedy.

Lockwood, John, Venerable, priest and martyr, b. about 1555; d. at York, 13 April, 1642. He was the eldest son of Christopher Lockwood, of Sowerby, Yorkshire, by Clare, eldest daughter of Christopher Lascelles, of Sowerby and Brackenborough Caistle. Yorkshire. With the second son, Francis, he arrivea at Reims on 4 November. 1579, and was at once sent to Douai to study philosopny. Francis was ordained in 1587, but John entered the English College, Rome, on 4 October, 1595, was ordained priest on 26 January, 1597, and sent on the mission, 20 April. 1598. After suffering imprisonment he was banished in 1610, but returned, and was again taken and condenmed to death, but reprieved. He was finally captured at Wood End, Gatenbv, the residence of Bridget Gatenby, and executed witn Edmund Catherick.

GiLLOw, BM. Diet. Eno. Cath., b. v.; Challokkr, Memoind Missionary Priests, II. No. 188; Knox, Diaries of the BngUsk College, Douay (London. 1878), 157; Fostbr. ViaiiaUon of rM- «Air« (London, privately printed. 1875). 61, 549; Catholic Record Society's Publications (London, privately printed. 1905. etc.), V. 384.

John B. Wainewbight.

Loddve. See Montpellier, Diocese of.

Lodi, Diocese of (Laudensis), sufifra^^an of Milan. Lodi, the capital of a district in the Province of Milan, and situatou on the right bank of the Adda, is an im- portant commercial centre for silk, wool, majolica ware, and works in cement. Noteworthy amonjz the sacred edifices is the Lombard cathediral, buut in 1158 by the Cremonese Tito Musio de Gata. The interior was restored in the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. The high altar belongs to the Seioenio, There is also a subterranean crypt. The pictures are by Campi (the choir), CaUsto, Procaccini. etc. A not- able monument is that of the Pontani, husband and \^ife. The cathedral treasure possesses valuable miniature codices, a large silver ostensorium of the QuaUrocentOj and ornaments of the same period. The church of the Incoronata, a gem of Renaissance archi- tecture, was built by the city on the plans of Giovanni Batto^. Other beautiful churches are: S. Francesco (Gothic facade), S. Bassiano, and the Abbey of Cer- reto with an octagonal tower. Among the secular buildines are the bishop's residence, the great hospi* tal, ana the castle, erected by Bamabo Viscontiy ani converted into a barrack by Joseph II.

About four miles distant is Lodi Vecchia, the an* cient Laus Pompeia, at first a city of the Gauls, and later colonized by the father of Pompey. In the Middle A^es its inhabitants were in frequent conflict with the Milanese, by whom it was destroyed (in 1025 under the Archbishop Ariberto d'Antimiano; again in 1111; also in 1158 for its hostility towards Frederick Bar- barossa). The Marchioness Adelaide of Turin cap- tured and burned the city to avenge herself on Henir IV. In 1 160 Barbarossa built the modern city, which always remained faithful to him. Under Frederick II, however, Lodi joined the second Lombard League. It was then absorbed in the Duchy of Milan. In 1454 the peace between Milan, Venice, and Florence was confirmed at Lodi. The city is noted for the brilliant cavalry operations of 1796, when Napoleon took the bridge over the Adda, ooposed by the Austrians under Beaulieu. Under Diocletian, according to the local legend, 4000 Christians with their bishop, whose name is unknown, were burned alive in their church.^ St. Bassianus. the patron of the city, was certainlv bishop in 378. Other bishops were: Titianus (474), whose relics were discovered in 1640; St. Venantianus, a oon- temporarv of St. Gregory the Great; Olderico (1024): Alberico di Merlino (1160); S. Alberto Quadrelli