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Blois, and when Francis I had it removed to Fontaine- bleau, Lascaris and Bud^ had charee of its organiza- tion. We owe to him a number of Mitiones pnncipeSf amon^ them the Greek anthology (1494), four plays of Euripides, Callimachus (about 1495), ApK)lloniu8 Itho- dius, Lucian (1496), printed in Florence in Greek capi- tals with accents, and the scholia of Didymas (1517) and of Porphyrins (1518) on Homer, printed in Rome. Lborand, BMiographie helUnique, I (rarb, 1884), cxzzi; III. 411; OifONT« Catalogue dn manuacnU grw de Fontaine bleau (Paris, 1889); Sandts, A Hiatory ofClauical Seholarahip, II (Cambridge, 1908), 78. Paul LejaT.

Ia8 Oasas. See Cabas, BABTOLOMt de Las.

Laski (a Lasco), John, Archbishop of Gnesen and Primate of Poland, b. at Lask, 1456; d. at Gnesen, 19 May, 1531. In 1482 he entered the service of the royal arch-chancellor Kurozwcki, who made him pro- vost cf Skalmierz and of the cathedral church in Posen, and canon of Krakow. In 1502 he became royal arch-secretary, in 1505 arch-chancellor, in 1509 coadjutor of Archbishop Boryszewski of Gnesen, and, after the death of the latter in 1510, Archbishop of Gnesen and Primate of Poland, whereupon he re- signed as arch-chancellor in 1511. In 1513 he took part in the Fifth General Council of the Lateran, when he delivered an oration in which he ur^ed upon Pope Leo X and the temporal princes to assist Poland and Hungary against the continually increasing inroads of the Turks. Though he had little success in his plea for a crusade, he prevailed upon the oope to take measures against the Teutonic Knights, who had been openly and secretly intriguing against Poland ever smce 1466, when it had taken West Prussia and Erm- land from them and begim to exercise its suzerainty over East Prussia. During the progress of the ^te- ran Council. Leo X conferred upon Laski and his suc- cessors in the archiepiscopal See of Gnesen the title of leaatus ncUus, The Bull conferring the title is dated 25 July, 1515. and is still preserved in the archives of the catheoral chapter of Gnesen (no. 625). It was reprinted in Korytowski's " Arcybiscupi Gnieznienscy ", II (Posen, 1888), 662. Laski^s eleva- tion to the cardinalate by Pope Leo X is said to have been prevented by King Sigismund. Archbishop Laslp was a z^ous upholder of ecclesiastical disci- pline within his archdiocese, and a strenuous opponent of Protestantism in Poland. To put a stop to various ecclesiastical abuses, he held two provincial synods at Piotrkow (1510, 12) and a diocesan synod at Gnesen (1513). The seven other provincial synods which he held were intended chiefly to stem the spread of Protestantism in Poland. Four of these were convened at Lencicz in the years 1522, 1523, 1525, and 1527, and three at Piotrkow in 1526, 1532, and 1533.

Many of the legislative measures passed at these synods are printed in the " Constitutiones synodorum metropoUtanse ecclesiae Gnesnensis'' (Krakow, 1630). Most of the canons and decrees of the earlier synods Laski edited in his " Sanctiones ecclesiastics^ tam ex pontificum decretis quam ex constitutionibus syno- dcmun provincis excerptse, in primis autem statuta in diversis provincialibus synodis a se sancita " (Kra- kow, 1525), in his "Statuta provincialia " (1512), and "Statuta provinci® Gnesnensis" (1527). After the marriage of King Sigismund of Poland with Barbara Zapolya, in 1512, Archbishop Laski entered into friendly relations with John Zapolya, a brother of Barbara and an aspirant to the Crown of Hungary. He sent his nephew Jerome Laski to Hungary to assist Zapolya with money and troops in his opposi- tion against the rightful lung Ferdinand of Hungary. If we may believe his enemies (especially Cardinal Gattinara), he continued to support his nephew even after the latter allied himself witn the Turkish Sidtan Solimaii with the purpose of marching upon Vienna. In 1530 he was cited to Rome by Clement VII to give an aceouDt of his actions. His departure was, how-

ever, delayed by King Sigismund, and he died tlM following year after expressing his desire to resign his see. Besides collecting the synodal legislations mentioned above, he made a compilation of the most important laws of Poland while he was arch-chancel- lor. The work is entitled " Commune inclyti Polonis regni privilegiorum, constitutionum et indultuum", etc., and was published at Cracow in 1506. His "Lioer beneficiorum archidioecesis Gnesnensis'' was edited by Lukowski, with a biography of the author by Korytowski (Gnesen, 1880-1).

ZsiBSBBBQ, Johann Laski, Erzbitchof von Gneaen, ttnd aein Tettament (Vienna, 1874) : Hirschbebo, /. Laaki (da Verhiin* deter dea tUrkiachen SxtUana (Lemberg, 1879); Bukowski, Dzieja reformacyi to Polace (Krakow, 1883). MiCHABL Ott.

Laasbeif^. Babon Joseph Maria Christoph von, a distingmshed German antiouary, b. at Donaue- schingen, 10 April, 1770; d. 15 March, 1855. He was descended from a pious Catholic family. His father was chief forester in the service of Prince von Fiirsten- berg. After a brief service in the army, he entered the University of Strasburg and later that of Frei- burg im Br. to study law and economics, especially forestry. From 1789 he was in the service of Prince von Fiirstenberg, becoming chief warden of the for- ests in 1804. Princess Elizabeth, who ruled the prin- cipality during the minority of her son Karl Egon, showed him marked favour. He became privy coun- cillor in 1806, and accompanied her on ner travels through Switzerland, Italy, and England. When the regency ended in 1817, Lassbere resigned his position and retired to private life, residing nrst on his estate at Eppishusen in Thurgau, and from 1838 at Castle Meersburg on Lake Constance. He now devoted him- self zealously to the study of old German literature, and in the pursuit of these studies he collected a su- perb library of upwards of 12,000 books and 273 valu- able manuscripts, among which was the codex of the " Nibelungenlied " (known as the Hohenems MS. and commonly designated as C). After his death this li- brary was presented to the town of Donaueschingen.

Lassberg was very hospitably inclined and manv visitors were entertained at Castle Meersburg. Uhland, Lachmann, Gustav Schwab, and other distinguished men of letters were among his friends. He was twice married, his second wife being Maria Anna von Droste- Hiilshoff, a sister of the famous poetess Annette (q. v.). His literary work consisted chiefly in editing medieval German poems, many of which were put? lished under the pseudonym of Meister Sepp von Ep- pishusen. Especially noteworthy is the ' * Liedersaal , a collection of medieval German poems, chiefly of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, of miscellaneous content. It appeared at St. Gall in four volumes. In the fourth volume the above-mentioned Nibel- ungen MS. was printed for the first time.

Driefweehael twiachen Laaaberg und Uhland, ed. PrEirrxB

sqq. and dUd sqq AUgemeine Deutache Biographie, XVlI. 780-84.

Arthur F. J. Remy.

Laasua, Orlandus de (original name, Roland de Lattre), composer, b. at Mons, Hainault, Belgium, in 1520 (according to most biographers; but his epitaph gives 1532) 'd. at Munich, 14 June, 1594. At the age of eight and a half years he was admitted as soprano to the choir of the church of St. Nicholas in his native city. He soon attracted general attention, lx>th on account of his unusual musical talent and his beautiful voice; so much so that he was three times abducted. Twice his parents had him returned to the parental roof, but the third time they consented to allow him to take up his abode at St-Didier, the temporary residence of Ferdinand de Gonzaga, general m command of the armv of Charles V and Viceroy of Sicily. At the end of the campaign in the Netherlands, Orlandus fol- lowed his patron to Milan and from there to Sicily.