Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 8.djvu/748

 KLOPP

668

KLOPP

But the grave political situation after the battle of Leipzig led the quiet artist once again to join the army. He displayed great activity m forming the volunteer corps in Leipzig, Dresden, and Aachen. After the Treaty of Paris he returned to Vienna, where he found that during his absence his wife had been received into the Catholic Church by Father Klemens Hofbauer. When he was told of this, he exclaimed: "So Louise has become a Catholic before me. " A few months after this he followed the example of his " dear Lou- ise". Then there came three quiet years of painting and literary work. He devoted himself particularly to children's books, for which he provided designs and illustrations, gradually working up to his true calling, the instruction of youth. There had been a plan under discussion for some time in Vienna to found a school for the sons of the higher nobility. But the difficulty was to find the right man, one qualified to undertake the work and carry it out within the pro- visions of the Austrian School Laws. Such a one was found in Klinkowstrom. The new foundation was opened in ISIS, and enjoyed the personal favour of the emperor; the fact that the empress also showed an ac- tive interest in it naturally lent additional prestige to the school. The founder devoted himself unsparingly to its direction, maintenance, and advancement, and his efforts were eminently successful. Contempora- neous opinion is unanimous in declaring that for excel- lence and importance Klinkowstrom's school took precedence of all other educational institutions of the day. His untiring zeal used up all his strength, so that, owing to ill-health and increasing suffering, he was obliged in 1S34, after sixteen years of personal guidance, to give over the school to other hands. He died six months after this, his wife having died before him, in 1S21. Both his oldest and youngest sons, Jo- seph and Max, entered the Jesuit Order, and became renowned preachers. The third son, Klemens, the head of the house in Austria, has acquired as Imperial and Royal Archivist a literary fame, while to the fourth son, Alphons, we are indebted for an excellent biography of his father. The only daughter joined the Order of Salesians after her father's death.

VON Klinkowstrom, Friedrich August von Klinkowstrom und seine Nachkommen (Vienna, 1ST7); Hislorisch-politische Blatter, Lxxxi, 4S sqq.; Rosenthal, Konvertitenbilder.

(2) Joseph von Klinkowstrom, eldest son of the preceding, b. .30 August, 1S13; d. 30 March, 1876. He received his early education at his father's school, and in LS31 entered the Jesuit novitiate at Graz. After completing his novitiate and the study of rhetoric and philosophy, he taught for three years in the lower forms of the gymnasium. He rnade his theology in Rome, where he was ordained priest in 1846. On his return to Graz he taught rhetoric, and subsequently, during the confusion caused by the revolution of 1848, held the position of tutor in a noble Westphalian family. When, two years later, the great popular mis- sionary movement began in Germany, Father Khnk- owstrom was allotted to the German missionaries, and proved himself to be unusually efficient. He con- tinued his efforts in Austria in 1852, and his sermons caused so great a sensation in Vienna that the em- peror expressed a desire to see him. The result of the interview was the establishment of a Jesuit commu- nity in Vienna. Here from 1859 to 1872, in which year his'strciigth began to fail, Klinkowstrom continued his priMchiiig activity, his great gift of eloquence and his deep icligious fervour making a great impression, es- pecially on educated laymen.

BiLOW, 100 Lchensbilder aus der iisterr.-ungar. Provim der Geaellschaft Jesu (Vienna, 1902).

(3) Max VON Ki-inkowstkiim, voimgest son of Fried- rich, 1). 21 Octolx-r, 1819; d. 2S Miircli, 1S9. Until his ordination Father Max was educated on the same general lines as his brother Josci)h. From that time,

however, the young scholastic led a more active life. Even while making his theology in Innsbruck he took part, under the direction of the celelirated Francis X. Weninger, in the popular missions in Tyrol and Vor- arlberg. During the revolutionary year of 1848 he was appointed curate-in-charge at Kirchberg, to him an unwelcome change This was followed by a still sadder experience, when he was chosen to accompany a band of Catholic emigrants to Australia. This ex- pedition resulted for liim only in suffering and priva- tions. After two years of this labour he was allowed to resume his chosen work of popular missions. He was a regular and highly esteemed preacher on Sun- days and hcily ilays, now at Vienna and Prague, and now at Innsbruck and Presburg, from 1857 to 1887, save for two short interruptions — in 1859, when he served as chaplain in Northern Italy, and in 1871, when he escorted a band of pilgrims to the Golden Jubilee of Pius IX. His last office, which he occupied from 1SS7 to 1S91, was that of superior and preacher at the cathedral of Laibach. Then, after a slight apoplectic stroke, his health failed, and he spent the remainder of his life at Kalksburg near Vienna.

BiiLow, 100 Lebensbilder aus der Ostenr.-ungar. Provim der Gesellsclmft Jesu (Vienna, 1902).

N. SCHEID.

EIopp, Onno, historian, b. on 9 October, 1822, at Leer (East Friesland); d. at Vienna, 9 August, 1903. After finishing his studies at the gymnasiums of Leer and Emden, he devoted himself, from 1841 to 1S45, to the study of philology and theology at Bonn, Berlin, and Gottingen, receiving the degree of Doctor of Phi- losophy at Jena in 1845. He was then appointed to teach at the gymnasium in Osnabriick, retaining this post until 1S5S. Meanwhile he devoted himself dili- gently to the composition of works on pedagogy, pub- lishing first, "Die Reform der Gymnasien in betreff des Sprachunterrichts " (Leipzig, 1848), in which he pleaded for modern languages, maintaining that lin- gual studies should begin with living, not dead lan- guages. He also wrote some books for the young founded on German legends and history, such as, "Gudrun. Der deutschen Jugend erzahlt" (Leipzig, 1850); " Geschichten, charakteristische Ziige und Sagen der deutschen Volkstamme aus der Zeit der Volkerwanderung bis zum Vertrag von Verdun" (2 parts, Leipzig, 1851); "Leben und Taten des Admir- als de Ruiter" (Hanover, 1852, 1858, 1905); " Ge- schichte unti Charakterziige ilcr deutschen Kaiserzeit von 843-1125" (Leipzig, 1S,')2, 1905); "Deutsche Ge- scliichtsbibliothek oder Darstcllungen aus der Welt- geschichte fur Leser aller Stiinde" (4 vols., Hanover, 1853-56), with the coUalioration of various scholars. The Revolution of 1S4S incited him to scientific his- torical researches, by means of which he tried to ex- plain the existing phenomena by tracing the evolution of historic conditions. His pamphlet entitled "Die Grundrechte des deutschen Volkes" (Osnabruck, 1849) bears evidence of this.

His most important work at this time was his "Geschichte von Ostfriesland " (3 vols., Hanover, 1854-5S). The East Friesland Estates furnished him with funds for the publication of this work, but, on the appearance of the third volume, they coukl not refrain from calling attention to the fact that it showed a hostile attitude towards King Frederick II of Prussia. Klopp considered himself unjustly blamed, and declined to receive the subvention for this volume. His action caused a great sensation, and King George V of Hanover, who had awarded him a gnlil meilal for the second volume, paid the subvention from his private i)m-.se anil offered to take him into his service. However, no suitable po- sition was vacant at the time, and Klopp retired from public office to devote himself entirely to his historical studies. At the same time he took a great