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 EAVANAGH

613

KELLER

Mr. Kavanagh settled all claims pending at his arrival, and negotiated a favourable commercial and naviga- tion treaty. He resigned in 1841, and returning to Maine was elected to the State senate as its presiding officer. The boundary controversy was at fever heat, and he was chosen to be one of four commissioners to negotiate at Washington the preliminaries for the Web- ster-Ashburton Treaty. On the resignation of Gov- ernor Fairfield, Mr. Kavanagh succeeded to the office of governor which he held nine months. He suffered much from rheumatism during the latter years of his life. He died sustained by the sacraments of the Church of which he was a faithful and uncompromising member all his life. Though not eloquent, he was a convincing speaker and an accomplished scholar. Longfellow's story, "Kavanagh", is not founded on the Maine statesman's career. He is buried in the shadow of St. Patrick's church, Newcastle (Damar- iscotta MUls).

ITnpublished correspondence and papers in possession of the Kavanagh family, Newcastle, Maine; National Cyclopcedia of Biography, VI (New York, 1896), 309; Lamb, Biographical Dic- tionary of the U. .S., IV (Boston, 1901), 476; Representative Men of Maine (Portland, 1S93); Watson, Maine Historical and Genealogical Recorder, IX (Portland), 194-6; Allen, Early Lawyers of Lincoln and Kennebec Counties, Maine (Portland, 1859) m Maine His. Soc. Colls., VI, 74; Cushman, History of Ancient Sheepscot and Newcastle (Bath, 1882). 395; Shea, His- tory of the Catholic Church in the U.S., II (.A.kron. O., reprint), 441; 612-5; Curtis, Life of Daniel Webster, II (New York, 1870), 113; Collins. Governor Edward Kavanagh in His- torical Records and Studies, V (1909).

Chakles W. Collins.

Kavanagh, Julia, novelist and biographer, b. 7 Jan., 1S24, at Thurles, Ireland; d. 28 October, 1877, at Nice, France. She was an only child. Her father, Morgan Kavanagh, a poet and philologist, was the author of some curious works on the source and science of languages. At an early age she accom- panied her parents to London, but soon removed to France, where she received her education and re- mained till her twentieth year. This lengthy resi- dence in France, with several other long visits later in life, gave her an insight into French life and character, which she portrayed most faithfully in many of her works. In 18-14 she returned to London, and at once embraced literature as a profession. She began by writing tales and essays for the periodicals of the day. Her first book,"The Three Paths", a tale for children, appeared in 1847. It was followed by "Madeleine" (1848), a story founded on the life of a peasant girl of Auvergne. Tliis gave her a literary reputation which was increased by her historical biographical works: "Women in France during the Eighteenth Century" (1850), "Women of Christianity Exemplary for Acts of Piety and Charity" (1852), "French Women of Letters" (1862), and the companion volume "English Women of Letters" (1862). As a biographer she shows great power and a fine sense of discrimination in portraying her characters, though the claims she makes for her heroines are at times somewhat exag- gerated. It is, however, as a novelist, that she is best known. Her studies of French life and character, which are worked into almost all her stories, are excellent and show her at her best. Her plots, though not of great depth, are well developed and of sufficient action to hold the interest. "Her writing", remarked a contributor to the London "Athena?um" at the time of her death, "was quiet and simple in style, but pure and chaste, and characterized by the same high- toned thought and morality that was part of the author's own nature." She wrote about twenty novels, which have had a wide circulation in America and in England, and have been translated into French. The best known are "Madeleine" (1848), "Nathalie" (1S51), " Daisy Burns" (l,S5:i), "Rachel Gray" (1855). About 1853 she made a prolonged tour of the Conti- nent, and in 18,58 published her experience under the title of "A Summer and Winter in the Two Sicilies".

Her life was rather uneventful; a great part of her time was devoted to the care of her widowed mother, who was an invalid. At the outbreak of the Franco- German War, Miss Kavanagh, who was living in Paris with her mother, moved to Rouen and thence to Nice, where she died in her fifty-fourth year. After her death appeared a collection of short tales bearing the appropriate title: "Forget-me-nots" (1878).

Read, Cabinet of Irish Literature (London, 1891); Academy (10 Nov., 1S77, London); Athena:um (17 Nov., 1877, London)- Irish Monthly, VI; preface to Forget-me-nots (1878).

Matthew J. Flahehty. Keane, John J. See Dubuque, Archdiocese of.

Keating, Fhederick William. See Northa-Mpton, Dioce.se ok.

Kedar. See Cedar.

Kehrein, Joseph, educator, philologist, and his- torian of German literature, b. at Heidesheim, near Mainz, 20 October, 1808; d. at Montabaur, Hesse- Nassau, 25 March, 1876. In 1823 he entered the gymnasium in connexion with the diocesan seminary at Mainz, and after its suppression in 1829 he con- tinued his classical studies at the state gymnasium of the same place, where he graduated in 1831. After studying philology at the University of Giessen from 1831 to 18.34, he taught at the gymnasium of Darm- stadt, 1835-1837, at that of Mainz, 1837-1845, was pro-rector at the newly founded gymnasium of Hada- mar in Nassau, 184.5-1846, professor at the same place, 1840-1855, director of the Catholic teachers' semi- nary at Montabaur, 1855-1876, and at the same time director of the Rcalsc/ude at the same place, 1855- 1866. He is the author of numerous works, chiefly on the German language, on the history of German literature, and on pedagogy. The best known among them are: "Die dramatische Poesie der Deutschen" (2 vols., Leipzig, 1840); "Grammatik der neuhoch- deutschen Sprache" (2 vols., Leipzig, 1842-51); " Geschichte der katholischen Kanzelberedsamkeit der Deutschen" (2 vols., Ratisbon, 1843); "Die weltliche Beredsamkeit der Deutschen" (Mainz, 1846) ; " Gram- matik der deutschen Sprache des 15-17. Jahrhun- derts" (5 vols., Leipzig, 1854-56; 2nd ed., 1S63); " Biographisch-kritisches Lexikon der katholisch- deutschen Dichter, Volks- und Jugendschrif tsteller des 19. Jahrhunderts" (2 vols., Wurzburg, 1868-71); "Handbuch der Erziehung und des Untcrriehts" (Paderborn, 1876; 12th ed., 1906); " Ueberblick der (^leschichte der Erziehung" (Paderborn, 1873; 11th ed., 1899). He also edited "Katholische Kirchen- lieder aus den altesten deutschen Gesangbuchern" (3 vols., Wurzburg, 1859-65); "Lateinische Sequen- zen des Mittelalters" (Mainz, 1873).

Kehrein, Joseph Kehrein der Gernmniat und Podaaoo (Miin- ster, 1901).

Mich.^el Ott.

Keily, Benjamin J. See Savannah, Diocese of.

Keller, Jacob, controversialist, b. at Siickingen, Baden, Ciermany, in 1568; d. at Munich, Bavaria, 23 February, 1631. After entering the Society of Jesus in 1589 and completing his studies, he taught the classics at Freiburg and was professor of philoso- phy and of moral and dogmatic theology at Ingol- stadt. He was appointed rector of the college of Ratisbon in 1605, and of the college of Munich in 1607, which post he held until 1623. In 1628 he was reappointed to the rectorship of Munich, and was still holding the office when a stroke of apoplexy ended his life. Besides his literary and scliolastic attainments (for he was regarded as a genius), he pos- sessed uncommon executive ability, and in spite of his extreme humility was consulted not only by his religious superiors, but also by Maximflian I, Elector of Bavaria, who oft«n sought his advice and entrusted to his care affairs of moment, which he discharged with much success.