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 IRELAND

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IRELAND

do go abroad in their distinctive dress. Similarly, it is illegal for religious orders of men to admit new mem- bers; but this provision of the Catholic Relief Act of 1S29 has never been enforced.

Laws Relating to Ch.vsitable Bequests, Mar- riage, Divorce. — Generally speaking, all bequests for the advancement of public worship are valid; but bequests for superstitious uses are void. A bequest, for instance, to maintain a light before an image for the good of one's soul is void ; but bequests for Masses are good, vmless left to a member of a religious order as such, the reason being that religious orders are still technically illegal. For the validity of a will nothing is reciuired but that the testator be of sound mind at the time, and free from undue influence, and that the document be signed by two witnesses. As to mar- riage, it is necessary that the contracting parties should be free, and that the mutual consent be given in the presence of two witnesses and a clergyman, or registrar duly appointed for the purpose. In the Irish courts no marriage can be dissolved; only a judicial separation can be obtained. When such a separation is obtained there is no difficulty in having a Bill passed through Parliament dissolving the marriage.

The Press. — There is no purely Catholic newspaper acting as the mouthpiece either of an individual dio- cese or of the Irish Church. There are, however, in most of the provincial towns weekly newspapers, often owned by Catholics, and always ready to voice Cath- olic opinion. In Cork and Belfast there are daily papers animated with the same spirit, and in Dublin the "Freeman's Journal" and the "Daily Indepen- dent ". In Dublin also is the " Irish Catholic ", which is a powerful champion of Catholicity; and there is the "Leader", not professedly Catholic, but with a vigor- ous and manly ( 'athnlic tone. These two are weeklies. Published monthly are the "Irish Monthly" under the Jesuits, the " Irish Rosary " under the Dominicans, the "Irish Educational Review", dealing with Cath- olic educational matters, and the "Irish Ecclesiastical Record", edited by Dr. Ilogan of Maynooth, under episcopal supervision. There is also the "Irish Theo- logical Quarterly ", which, as its name implies, is pub- lished quarterly, and conducted by the professors of Maynooth College with an ability, an extent of knowl- edge, a grasp of the subjects treated, and a vigour and freshness of style worthy of Maynooth College in its palmiest days.

Annuls of ike Four Masters (Dublin, 1S56); Annals of Ulster (Dublin, 1887); Annals of Loch Ce (London, 1871); Annals of Clonmacnoise (Dublin, 1896); Leland, History of Ireland (London, 1773); Joyce, Short History of Ireland (London, 1893); Keating. Ht8tor!/o//re!and (Dublin, 1859); Haverty, History of Ireland (Dublin, 1860); Febgdson, The Irish before the Conquest (London, 1868); Richey, Lectures on Irish History (London, 1869); Hyde. Literary History of Ireland (London, 1899); D'Alton, History of Ireland (London, 1906).

For the Fag.\n and Early Christian Periods; — Senchus Mot (Dublin, 1865*-1901); O'Curry, Manners and Customs of the Ancient Irish (Dublin, 1873); Idem, MSS. Materials of Ancient Irish History (Dublin. 1861); Joyce, Social History of Ancient Ireland (London, 1903); Jubainville, The Irish Mytho- logical Cycle (Dublin, 1903); Ware, Works, ed. Harris (Dublin, 1739-64); O'Donovan, Book of Rights (Dublin, 1847); Walk- er, History of the Irish Bards (Dublin, 1786); Stokes, Tripar- tite Life of St. Patrick (London, 1887); Lanigan. Ecclesiastical Hist, of Ireland (Dublin. 1822): Hkat.y. Anricnt Schools and Scholars (Dublin, 1896); Iium, / A "■"/ \Vnli„,,s „f St. Patrick (Dublin, 1905); Bury, n' /■ ' ..;/-/ /.x 77,1,. ,n History (London, 1905); Morris, n' /■,•,„,:. .l;„,,s//, ,./ /,, /.in,/ (Lon- don, 1890); ZlMMFR, '■ '• (,,„,/, a.oadun. I'JU^n .MORAN, Essays on the l-:l)); LTsher, Works (Dublin, 1847); Olden. Church of Ireland (London, 1892); Adamnan, Life of St. Columba (Dublin, 1857); .'^rchdall, Monasticon Hibemi- cum (Dublin, 1873); Reeves, The Culdees (Dublin, 1864); Petrie, Round Towers (Dublin. 1.845); O'Flaherty, Ogygia. (Dublin, 1793); Halliday, Scnndinoriun Kingdom of Dublin (Dublin, 1882); Worsae, The Dmus ,n F.n<ihind, Scotland and Ireland (London, 1852); Todd. Wars „[ II,,' i:,tel and Gall (Lon- don, 1867); Dasent, Burnt Njal (Edinburgh, 1861); O'Han- LON. Life of St. Malachy (Dublin, 1859): see also (in Migne's Patrologia) the works of Alcuin, Bede. St. Bernard, Cogito- BU8, St. Columbancs, Donatus, Dungal, St. Gall, Marianos

Scotds, ScoTtTS Eriugena: and for incidental reference-? in the earlier part, the works of Herodotus, Pliny, Strabo, CjEsar, Tacitus. Claudian, and Gibbon.

For the Plantagenet and Tudor Periods: — Sweetman, Calendars of State Papers; Giraldus Cambrensis, Works (Lou- don, 1861-91); Lynch. CamirCTisis£»ersus(UubHn, lS51);Miss Stokes, Early Christian Art in Ireland (London, 1887); Orpen, The Lay of Dermot and the Earl (London, 1S92); Thierry. Nor- man Conquest (Bohn Series); Malone, Arfrian IV and Ireland (Dublin, 1899); Ginnell, The Doubtful Grant of Ireland (Dub- lin. 1899); Gosselin, Power of the Popes in the Middle Ages (London, 1853) ; King, Church History of Ireland ( Dublin, 1898) ; Gilbert, Viceroys of Ireland (Dublin, 1865); O'Connor Don, The O'Connors of Connaught (Dublin, 1891); Ware, Annals (Dublin, 1704); Gilbert, Historic and Municipal Documents (Dublin, 1870); Cox, Hibemia Anglicana (London, 1689); Ancient Irish Histories (Dublin, 1809); Lingard, History of England: O'Flaherty, lar Connauqht (Dublin. 1846); OnnER- ICUS VlTALIS, History of i:7?'7.' " .' t':.' \'. -.i^r.'/ M^..^iTi); Stokes, Ireland and the Angl,' \ ' I ! i-'C);

Mant, History of the Church „j I I i ! ■• I I <. . v

AND Dowling, Annals (Dul.lm. 1^1 i, i \, I, ,.,',,./i

(Dublin, 1850); Grace, AnmiU iDulili.i. l.MJj, 11aiu.]m,\n. Statute of Kilkenny (Dublin, 1843); Davies, Historical Tracts (London, 1786); Meehan, History of the Geraldinc^ (Dublin, 1878); Harris, Hibemica (Dublin, 1770); Froissart, Chroni- cle (London, 1895); Correspondence relating to Ireland (reign of Henry VIII), Hamilton's Calendars of Stale Papers (1509- 1600): Carew Papers (1509-1624); Bagwell, Ireland under the Tudors (London, 1885-90); Green, Short History of tlie English People (London, 1878); Gasquet, Edward VI and the Book of Common Prayer (London, 1891); Idem, Henry VIII and the English Monasteries (London, 1899); Harleian Miscel- lany (London, 1808-13); D'Alton, Archbishops of Dwhlin (Dublin, 1838); Moran. Archbishops of Dublin (Dublin. 1864); MoRRiN, Calendar of the Patent Rolls (Dublin, 1861): Camden, Annals (London, 1635); Froude, History of England (London, 1898) ; O'SuLLlVAN. Catholic History of Ireland (Eng. tr. Dublin, 1903); Carte, Life of Onnond (London, 1736); Holinshed, Chronicle (London. 1574); O'Clery, Life of Red Hugh O'Don- nell (Dublin, 1893); Fynes Moryson, Irish Wars (London, 1617); CuELLAR, Narrative (London, 1897); MacGeoghegan. History of Ireland (Dublin, 1844); Hogan, Ireland in 1508 (Dublin, 1878); Pacata Hibemia (London, 1896).

For the Stuart Period: — Russell and Prenderga.st, Calendars (1603-25); Gardiner, History of England (1884); Stuart Tracts (Ixindon, 1903); Meehan, Earls of Tyrone and Tyrconnell (Dublin, date uncertain); Hill, Plantation of Ulster (Belfast, 1877); Strafford, Le//ers (London, 1739); Belling, History of the Irish Confederation (Dublin. 1882); Hickson, Ireland in the 17th Century (London, 1884); Clanricarde, Memoirs (Dublin, 1744); Mahaffy. Calendars of State Papers (1625-60); Prendergast, Crotnwellian Settlement (London, 1870); Temple, History of the Irish Rebellion (Dublin, 1724); Warner. History of the Rebellion (London, 1767) : Clarendon, History of the Rebellion (London, 1720) ; Petty, Tracts (Dublin, 1769); CASTLEHAyEN, Memoirs (Dublin, 1.815); Gilbert, Contemporary History (1641-52), (Dublin, 1879): RrarrriNi, Letters (Dublin, 1873); Murphy. Cromwell in /-.'....n' Hi'ililin, 1897); MoRLEY, Cromwell (London. 1900); liM . ■ ■ ' ' ..i- tvell (London, 1897); Idem, History of tl,- ' ''ih

(London, 1894-1901); Cromwell's Letters ai„l. , 1. .ii-

don, 1846); D'Alton, History of Drogheda ilKililiii. iMi); Lenihan, History of Limerick (Dui)lin, 1866); Ranke, History of England in the 17th Century (Clarendon Press); The Down Survey (Dublin, 1851); Mohan, Persecutions under the Puritans (Callan, 1903); Idem, Life of Oliver Plunkelt (Dublin. 1870); MouNTMORHES, Irish Parliament 1634-66 (London, 1792); Diaries of Pepys and Evelyn; Walsh, Irish Remonstmncc; Clarke, James II (London, 1816); Macaulay, History of England; Somers, Tracts ; Jacobite Narrative of the War in Ireland (Dublin, 1892); Macariae Excidium (Dublin, 1851); Story, Impartial History (London, 1691); Story, Continuaiion of the War (London, 1693); Diary of Dean Davies (Camden Society): Bellingham, Diary; The liawdon Papers (London, 1819); Murphy. Our ilf artj/rs (Dublin, 1896); Meehan. i^'rare- ciscan Monasteries of the 17th Century (Du'olin, — ); Hogan, Hibemia Ignatiana (Dublin, 1880); Mason, Parliaments in Ireland (Dublin, 1891): Prendergast, Ireland from 1660 to 1686 (London, 1887); King, State of the Irish Protestants (Cork, 1768); CoLGAN, Trias Thaumaturga (Louvain, 1647); Calen- dars of the Stuart Papers at Windsor; Scully, Penal Laws (Dub- lin, 1812).

For the Eighteenth Century: — Froude, English in Ire- land (London, 1895); Lecky, History of Ireland in the 18th Century (London, 1902) : Young, Tour in Ireland (London. 1892); Swift, Prose H'orA-s (London, HI""' I : H^pkfi ey, H'ori-s (Clarendon Press, 1871); O'Callaghi- I i: ,„le in the

Service of France; D'Awio^, King J,,,,, l '(Dublin,

1855); Swift MacNeill. rac/ris/iP,j,.\ ,, I .;..!. m, 1888); MoLYNEUX. Ireland's Case Stated (Dul.li;,. iO'jNi; Lecky, Leaders of Public Opinion, in Ireland; Delaney, Aulobiography (London, 1861); Charlemont Papers and Hardy. Lord Charle- mont (London. ISIO); Barrincton, Rise and Fall of the Irish Nation (Dublin, 1853); Idem, Personal Sketches (London, 1827); Grattan, Speeches (London, 1822); Journals of the Irish House of Commons; Irish Parliamentary Debates (1781- 97); Ball, Irish Legislative Systems (London, 1888); Plow- den. Historical Review (London, 1803); Moore, Lord Edward Fitzgerald (London. 1897); Wolfe Tone, .Autobiography (London, 1893); Madden, United Irishmen (DubUn. 1857); Secret Service under Pitt (London, 1892); Hay, History of the