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 GRUN

42

GUADALAJARA

Anastasius Grun (Anton Alexaader Graf VOQ Auersperg)

II; extracts in Ritter, "Asien" (Berlin, 1833), II, 173; III, -153; IV, 88, 183; Anzi, "II genio vagante" (Parma, 1692), III, 331-399.

Carlieri. Xotizie varie Ml' Imperio delta China (Florence, 1697); Ashley. Collection of Voyages (London, 1745-47), IV', 651 sq ; Markham, Narrative of the Mission of Boyle and Man- ning (London, 1876), 295 sq.; Von Richthofen, China (Berlin, 1S77), 671, etc., with routes and plate, the best monograph; ToNNiEH. Die Durchquerung Tibets seitens der Jesuiten Joh. Grueher und Albert de Dorville im Jahre 1661 in Zeitschr. d. Ges. itir Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1901, pp. 32S-361 (route shown on plate 8).

A. Hdonder.

Griin, .\n.\st.\sius, pseudonym for Anton Alexan- der (Maria), f'oimt von Auersperg. an Austrian poet; b. at Laibaeli in 1S06; d. at Graz in 187(3. He received

his earliest train- ing at the There- sian academy at Vienna, and later studied philosophy and jurisprudence at Vienna and Graz. From 1831 on he was occupied with the care of his paternal estates at Thurn. Repeat- edly he undertook journeys through Italy, France, and England, imtil he married a Countess Attems in 1839. Henceforth he di- vided his time be- tween his estates and Vienna. In the meantime his poems had made him famous as a champion of liberalism, and he had entered the poHtical field. In 1848 he was elected a member of the National Assembly at Frankfort. Disappointed in his expectations, he withdrew and retired to private life, from whence he did not emerge until 1860, when Austria had become a constitutional State. He was appointed a life member of the .Aus- trian Reichsrat, serving at the same time first as a member of the Carniolan and then of the Styrian diet.

His first collection of lyric poems, "Blatter der Liebe", appeared in 18.30." This was followed by a romantic C3-cle."Der letzte Ritter" (.Stuttgart, 18.30), in praise of Emperor Maximilian I. But fame came to him through his poUtical poems, the first collection of which appeared anonymously in 1831 under the title of "Spaziergiinge eines \\'icner Poeten". It was a severe arraignment of the oppressive conditions pre- vailing under the regime of Metternich, and created a sensation among all classes. The next collection. "Schutt" (''Ruins"— 1835), was also political in ten- dency. Neither this nor the preceding collection has won enduring fame. This Grun owes rather to some of his lyrics, like "Das Blatt im Buche" and "Der letzte Dichter". which appeared in "Gedichte" (Leip- zig, 1837). His two humorous poems, "Nibelungen im Frack" (1843) and "Der Pfaff vom Kahlenberg" (1850), were never really popular. Other works of Griin are the " Volkslieder aus Krain" (Leipzig, 1,8.50), a collection of Slovenic folk-songs, and " Robin Hood" (Stuttgart, 1864), a free rendering of old EngUsh bal- lads. His complete works were edited by L. A. Frankl (Berlin, 1877, 5 vols.), new edition by Anton Schlossar (Leipzig).

VON Radics, a. Griin und seine Heimath (Stuttgart. 1876): Idem. ^. Grim. Verschollenes und Vergilbtes aus dessen Leben und Wirken (Leipzig, 1878); Schatzmavr, Anton Graf von Auers- perg, sein Leben und Dix-hten (2nd ed., Frankfort, 1872); Schon- BACH, Anastasius Griin in Gesammelte AufsHtze zur neueren Lit- teratur in Deutschland, Oesterreich, Amerika (Graz, 1900), pp. 174-185.

Arthur F. J. Remy.

Guadalajara (Guad.\lax.\r.\), AncHniocESE of, in Mexico, separated from the Diocese of Michoacan by Paul III, 31 July, 1548. The residence of the bishop was first fixed at Compostela, in the Province of Tepic, but in 1560 was transferred bj' Pius IV to Guadala- jara. vSince its foundation the see has had a cathedral chapter, of twenty-seven members between 1830 and 18.50, butat present (1908) they numberonly seventeen. The present cathedral was begun in 1571, completed and dedicated in 1618, and consecrated in 1716. It contains a celebrated painting by Murillo.

Among its notable bishops was the Dominican mis- sionary, Fehpe Galindo y Chavez, who was conse- crated in 1695, and died in 170'2. He founded in 1699 the diocesan seminary and gave it its constitution and a librarj'. The same prelate exerted his influence towards securing the foundation of a university, en- trusted the missions of Lower California to the Jesuits, and made two visitations of the diocese as far as the neighbourhood of Coahuila. Nicolas Carlos Gomez de Cervantes, a canon of Me.xico, consecrated Bishop of Guatemala in 1723, was transferred to Guadalajara in 1725 and died in 1734. He made a visitation of the whole diocese, strengthened the Jesuits in the California missions, founded in Texas the parish of San Antonio de Bexar, and assisted in building con- vents for the Dominican and Augustinian nims. The Franciscan Francisco de S. Buenaventura Martinez de Texada Diez de Velasco was at first Auxiliarj' Bishop of Cuba and built the parish church of St. Augustine, Florida; later he became Bishop of Yucatan (1745), and was transferred to Guadalajara in 1752. He twice visited the whole of his diocese, made generous donations of church ornaments and sacred vessels to indigent parishes, and aided in the erection of many churches. He died in 1760. The Dominican Antonio Alcalde, born in 1701, a lector in arts, master of stu- dents, lector in theology for twenty-six years, and prior of several convents of his order, became Bishop of Yucatan in 1763, and was transferred to Guadala- jara in 1771. There he founded the university and a hospital (S. Miguel de Beli'm) for five hundred sick poor; he also improved the standard of teaching in

Gallcut in the Cemetert ny the Belen Hospital. Giaua- LAJARA, Founded by Bishop Alcalde (X\I1I Ce.ntuky)

the seminary and in the college of S. Juan Bautista, founded and endowed the girls' college called El Beaterio, and placed it under the care of religious women. It was this bishop who built the sanctuary of Guadalupe, and left funds to defray there the ex- penses of worship, .\nother very large bequest left by him was for the building of the cat hedral parish church. He introduced various industries to improve the con- dition of the poor, and during the great famine (1786) supported a multitude of destitute persons. After spending $1,097,000 on good works in his diocese, he died, 7 Aug., 1793, a poor man — "the father of the poor and benefactor of learning".