Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 7.djvu/659

 HYGINUS

593

HYGINUS

Meanwhile Father Daniel Murphy had come to India with Bishop Carew in 1839, and was given the mission of Hyderabad and Secunderabad. In 1840 he began to build a cathedral in the latter place. It was com- pleted in 1850. In 1842 he erected a church at Bo- larum. He was chosen as coadjutor to Mgr. Fennelly and consecrated 11 October, 1846, at Kinsale, Ireland. On 20 May, 1851, the mission of Hyderabad-Deccan was made a Vicariate Apostolic with Bishop Murphy as its first vicar. His territory covered all the present Dio- cese of Hyderabad with the exception of Moodgul and Raichur, which were not added until 1886. Mgr. Murphy had only four missionaries to assist him (Fathers O'Brien, Drake, Hampson, and Queen, all Irish); two of these were at Secunderabad, one at Masulipatam, and one at Hyderabad. The new vicar erected a college near Hyderabad. In 1854 he ap- plied to the Foreign Mission Seminary at Milan for more missionaries, and Fathers Pozzi and Barbero were sent to him. There were some British regiments quartered near Secunderabad, and the Catholic popu- lation of the place thus went up to 4000. Besides the college he built an orphanage, and opened a new mis- sion at Chandragoodaim, which had to be abandoned for lack of priests. In 1S5. a native named Anthony became a Catholic and brought 120 others with him. He was made catechist, and thus began a small native congregation at Hyderabad. Between 1857 and 1864 six other missionaries came from Milan, and the Christian communities began to increase, but in 1864, owing to failing health, Bishop Murphy was forced to leave India. The vicariate was then entrusted to the Milan Sem- inary of Foreign Missions. Father Giovanni Domenico Barbero became vicar Apostolic, and was consecrated Bishop of Doliche, at Rome, .3 April, 1870. He pro- cured some Sisters of St. .Vnne from Turin, and in 1871 established them at .Secunilerabad, where they opened an orphanage and a girls' school. Bishop Barbero died 18 October, 1881, and was succeeded bj' Mon- signor Caprotti. In lSS(j the Vicariate of Hyderabad became a diocese, and Bishop Caprotti, titular of Abydos, became Bishop of Hyderabad; the districts of Moodgul and Raichur were added to the diocese. The see was removed from Secunderabad to Hydera- bad, and the erection of St. Joseph's cathedral was begun. In 1890 a convent was opened there, and a school for Europeans and natives. Bishop Caprotti died in 1897, and was succeeded by Bishop Vigano, who opened new convents, at Raichur, Bezwada, and Kazipet. In 1894 the Little Sisters of the Poor were introduced, and later, the Franciscan Sisters of Mary. At the pre.sent time, besides 21 European missionaries, there are in the Diocese of Hyderabad 50 European nuns, 18 native sisters, 75 native catechists; 11 churches, 78 chapels ; 38 schools for boys with a total of 1642 pupils; 14 .schools for girls with 920 pupils. There are two high schools in Hyderabad, one for boys the other for girls; and one each in Secimderabad, Raichur, and Bezwada, all under the Sisters of St. Anne; 6 orphanages; a home for the infirm, with 60 inmates in the care of the Little Sisters of the Poor, in Secunderabad; a dispensary in Raichur; a catechu- menate, and a Magdalen Home under the care of the native sisters in Secunderabad, with branches in Raichur and Bezwada: an industrial school for girls in Bolarum; two libraries; two soldiers' institutes, confraternities, etc. Students are prepared for the priesthood in the Diocese of Mangalore by the Jesuits. Since its erection as a diocese, Hyderabad has held two synods, the first on 28 February, 1SS9 ; the second on 9-11 December, 1902. The Catholic population of the diocese amounts to 14,752 souls out of a total of 11 millions composed of pagans, Mussulmans, heretics, etc. The annual number of baptisms of adults is about 400 ; and of infants about 500. The languages spoken in the diocese are, Telugu, Tamil, Canarese, Coia, Marathi, and Hindustani. VII.— 38

Vicars Apcstolic op Hyderabad-Deccan. — 1. Monsignor Daniel Murphy, titular Bishop of Phila- delphia, was born at Belmont, Crookstown, Co. Cork, Ireland, 18 June, 1815; ordained at Maynooth College, Ireland, 9 June, 1838. When Dr. Carew, one of the Maynooth staff, was named coadjutor to the \'icar Apostolic of Madras, India, Father Murphy offered to accompany him. He arrived at Madras early in January, 1839, and was put in charge of the mission of Hj'derabad. When .Monsignor Fennelly became Vicar Apostolic of Madras, Father Murphy was made his coadjutor. He was appointed bishop in December, 1845, by Gregory X\T, and consecrated in Kinsale, Ireland, 11 October, 1846, bj' the Bishop of Cork. He became first Vicar Apostohc of Hydera- bad, 20 Ma}', 1855. The residence of the vicariate was in Secunderabad, but, owing to the intolerance of Sir Henry Pottinger, he was obliged to live at Chuderghantonthe borders of the Nizam's dominion. During his short administration he showed wonderful zeal. He left India in 1864 owing to ill-health and went to Australia; he was chosen Bishop of Hobart, Tasmania, in 1866, and he died there, Dec, 1907.

2. Monsignor Barbero, second \'icar Apostolic, was born at Foglizzo d'lvrea, Italy, in 1820; sailed for Hyderabad, 11 February, 1855! He was consecrated Bishop of Doliche by Cardinal Corsi in Rome, 3 .April, 1870, and died at Chudderghaut, 18 October, 1881.

Bishops of Hyderabad. — 1. Monsignor Caprotti, b. in Carate Brianza (Italy), 1832; d. in Yercaud, 2 June, 1897. He came to Hyderabad in 1857. He was consecrated Bishop of Abydos in 1882, and when the ordinary hierarchy was established in India in 1886, he became Bishop of Hyderabad.

2. Monsignor Vigano, the second bishop, came to Hyderabad in 1880; he was consecrated in 1898, by Monsignor Colgan, Archbishop of Madras; at the re- quest of Pius X he returned to Italy, 15 Nov., 1908, to take charge of the Foreign Missions Society of Milan.

3. Monsignor Vismara, the third Bishop of Hytlera- bad, came to India in 1890; he was consecrated at Milan, 29 June, 1909, by Cardinal Ferrari.

Madras Dirertonj: Bombay Examiner; Calendario p Notizie del Seminario delle Missioni Estere di Milano: Missioni Cat- tolu-he (Milan); Documents in the archives of the Diocese of Hyderabad.

P. M. Pezzoni.

Hyginus, Saint, Pope (about 138-142), succeeded Pope Telesphorus, who, according to Eusebius (Hist, eccl., IV, xv), died during the first year of the reign of the Emperor Antoninus Pui.s — in 138 or 139, there- fore. But the chronology of these bishops of Rome cannot be determined with any degree of exactitude by the help of the authorities at our disposal to-day. -According to the " Liber Pontificalis ", Hyginus was a Greek by birth. The further statement that he was previously a philosopher is probably founded on the similarity of his name with that of two Latin authors. Irenaeus says (Adv. haereses. III, iii) that the Gnostic Valentine came to Rome in Hyginus's time, remaining there until Anicetus became pontiff. Cerdo, another Gnostic and predecessor of Marcion, also lived at Rome in the reign of Hyginus; by confessing his errors and recanting he succeeded in obtaining re- admission into the bosom of the Church, but eventually he fell back into his heresies and was expelled from the Church. How many of these events took place during the time of Hyginus is not known. The "Liber Pontificalis" also relates that this pope or- ganized the hierarchy and establi.shed the order of ecclesiastical precedence (Hie clerum composuit et distribuit gradus). This general observation recurs also in the biography of Pope Hormisdas; it has no historical value, and. according to Duchesne, the writer probably referred to the lower orders of the clergy. Eusebius (Hist, eccl., IV, xvi) claims that Hyginus's pontificate lasted four years. The ancient