Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 7.djvu/646

 HURON

580

HURON

June for Montreal, where they were to await the ar- rival of the Iroquois flotilla which was to transport them (Rel. 1657: Queb. ed., 23, 2; Clev. ed., XLIII, 207). On 26 July this same party, with Father Ragueneau, set out with a band of fifteen or sLxteen Senecas and thirty Onondagas for the country of the latter. On 3 August, while on the way, seven Huron Christians were treacherously set upon and murdered, and the women and children were made captive.s (Rel. 1657: Queb. ed., 54, 55; Clev. ed., XLIV, 69, 73). Elsewhere it is said that all were massacred, meaning, .probably, all the men of the party (Rel. 1658: Queb. ed., 15, 2; Clev. ed., XLIV, 217). For other mention of this treacherous act see passim the same Relation (Queb. ed., 2, 2; 5, 1; 10; Clev. ed.. Id., 155, 165, 191). On 21 August a party of Hurons, of the Bear Clan, left Quebec to jom the Mohawks, under the impres- sion that they were to bo adopted into the tribe

and sixty of them were baptized. It is not stated explicitly that they joined the colony. On the con- trary, from the wording of the passage it would rather seem that they were transient visitors, remaining, however, long enough to be thoroughly instructed. Father Girault (Clev. ed., LXX, 207) speaks of the next removal thus: " When the Hurons left the Island of Orleans, they came to live in Quebec. They re- mained thereuntil the month of April, 1668, when they removed to Beauport, where they stayed about a year." The Relations note that at this date their mission of the Annunciation — for so it was called — was greatly reduced in numbers, and that, having become convinced that peace with the Iroquois was a.ssured, they left the fort, which occupied a large open space in (Juebec, and withdrew to the woods a league and a half from the town. Their object in so doing was to cultivate the land so as to be self-supporting, to

III. ST

.VTION.S 01

^ MISSION-

Missions

1634-35

1635-36

1636-37

1637-38

1638-39

1639-40

1640-41

26,30 7.11

7, 12, 14

7, 12, 14 22,27

7,12,14.22 27, 10, 18, 19

7, 22, 27 10. 16, 19

27, 10. 19

7,11 21,22 16. 27

Ossossan^, La Conception or La Rochelle

■

7,22,16 29,19

7

21, 22, 12, 10 1 ,q,. ,, „o 16, 15,23 f^^'^*'"'*^'*

Petun Nation, Los ApStres

7

16,19

St*'-Charles A.

St*j-Kli7ahpth A

St-Esnrit A.

26,30

Rt-Ipnn Ktharita P

12,23,11 7,10

• 12,23,11,7



7, 19, 29, 23

Sti»-Marip T St-.To<!PDh III

21, 22, 27, 2S

19,15

St-Mnthipii P

7, 11

(?), Uncertain.

A, Algonquins.

N, Neutrals.

(Rel. 1658: Queb. ed., 9, 2; Clev. ed., XLIV. 189). On 26 .August Father Le Moyne followed with the second party of the Bear Clan (ibid.). Both these bands, in violation of the most solemn pledges, were reduced to the vilest and most oppressive slavery (Id.: Queb. ed., 13, 1; Clev, ed., 20.5).

1660. — The Hurons continued to reside in Quebec under cover of Fort St-Louis, which the Sieur Louis d'.\illeboust de Coulonge had completed for their special protection. The position of this Fort dcs Hurons may be seen on the copy of a plan of (Juebec, 1660, in the Report on Canadian .\rchives for 1905 (Part V, facing page 4). Towards the close of the winter 1659-60, forty chosen Huron braves went on the war-path. .\t Montreal they joined forces with Adam Dcsormeaux Dollard (.Votary Basset's records — four autograph signatures — beginning, 12 Oct., 1658), who, with his sixteen heroic companions, not only held in check for ten days, at the foot of the Ottawa Long Sault, two hundred Onondagas and five hundred Mohawks, but also, at the sacrifice of his life, saved the colony from destruction (Rel. 16t)0: Queb. ed., 14 sqq.; Clev. ed., XLV, 245; Journ. dcs J6s., 284; Clev. ed. Id., 157).

1668.— In the Relation 1668 (Queb. ed. 25, 1; Clev. ed., LII, 19) it is affirmed that between the years 1665 and 1668 more than two liundred Iroquois came to the Huron mission at Quebec and received instruction,

have their own village, and, so to speak, start a new settlement (Rel. 1669: Queb. ed., 23, 24; Clev. ed. Id., 229). This .site, .says Father Chaumonot, was known as Notre-Dame des Neiges, and belonged to the Society of Jesus, and he adds that it was between Quebec and Beauport, a short league from the town (Chaumonot, "Autobiographic", 174).

1669. — Father Girault (loc. cit.) proceeds: "After- ward, towards the spring of 1669, they settled at the Cvte St-Michel where they remained . . . until De- cember 28th, 1673." This new- station of their choice was distant one league from (Quebec (Rel. 1671: title of ch. iv, (}ueb. ed., 7, 1 ; Clev. ed., LIV, 287), and was situated in the midst of a French settlement (Rel. 1672: Queb. ed., 2, 1-2; Clev. ed., LV, 249). Their numbers now stood at something like two hundred and ten (Rels. in('>d., I, 296; Clev. ed. LVIII, 131). It will not he out of place here to remark that, among the French population of Canada, the word ciite does not necessarily imply a rise in the land or a hillside, much le.ss a coast or water front, but simply a highway on which the farms of the .settlers front, and on which their homesteads and outhouses are generally built. As for the origin of the name Xotre Dame de Foy. it is thus explained in the Relations. In 1669 a statue of the Madonna was sent from Europe to the Jesuit superior. It was carved out of the self-same oak as the miracu- lous statue of Xotre Dame at Foy, a hamlet near the