Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 6.djvu/733

 GOSOELIN GOSPEL oftheHolySee. Finally, on 27 August, 1830, Pius VIII raised Gorz once more to the archiepiscopal rank, and assigned to it tiie Sees of Laibach, Triest-Capo d'lstria, Parenzo-Pola, and Veglia-Arbe as suffragans, Joseph Walland becoming archbishop. Since Archbishop Walland's death the archiepiscopal see has been occupied by: Franz Xaver Luschin (1835-54), distin- guished for his apostolic zeal and unbounded charity; Andreas Gollmayr (1855-83), under whom the title of prince was restored to the bishops; Alois Zorn (1883- 97), previously Bishop of Parenzo-Pola; Jakob Missia (1898-1902), raised to the cardinalate, 19 June, 1899; Andreas Jordan (1902-05); and Franz Borgia Sedej, b. at Kirchhcim, 10 October, 1854; ordained priest 20 August, 1877; appointed prince-bishop by the em- peror, 20 January, 1900; confirmed by the pope, 21 February of the same 3'ear, and consecrated on 25 March. Statistics. — The archdiocese embraces the northern part of the Austrian coast, that is the County of Gorz and Gradiska, and numbers (1909) 17 deaneries, 86 parishes, 42 curacies, 65 vicarages, 13 benefices, 113 positions for assistant priests, 271 churches and chap- els, 304 secular and 41 regular priests, 257,704 Catho- lics. The following religious congregations have foundations in the archdiocese: the Franciscans, who have the monastery of Castagnavizza, situated above the city of Gorz, vith an upper gymnasium for those desiring to enter the order; also houses on the Holy Mountain {Heilirjcr Berg) near Gorz, and on the island of Barbana near Grado; the Capuchins at Gorz and in the mona.stery of the Holy Cross near Haidenschaft ; the Jesuits at Gorz; the Brothers of Mercy of St. John of God, who have charge of the tow-n hospital at Gorz ; the Ursulines at Gorz ; the Sisters of Mercy of St. Vin- cent de Paul, who have charge of the poor-house and the hospital for women at Gorz, and of the orphan asylum at Contavalle, and have the domestic manage- ment of the preparatory seminaries of the prince- bishopric at Gorz; the School Sisters of Notre-Dame, who conduct a higher school for girls and St. Joseph's Asylum for girls at Gorz ; Sisters of Providence of St. C'ajetan, with mother-house at Corraons and 5 branches; Sisters of Mercy of the Holy Cross, who are house-keepers in the central seminary of the prince- bishopric at Gorz. The cathedral chapter, estab- lished in 1751, and called the Capitulum Teresianum after Empress Maria Theresa, has 3 dignitaries (pro- vost, dean, and scholasticus), 4 capitulary and 3 hon- orary canons, and at the present time (1909) one hon- orary canon extra statuin. The patron of the diocese is St. Hermagoras. The theological seminary Caro- linum, founded in 1757 by Archbishop von Attems as a domus presbyterialis, has been since 1818 the chief seminary for the whole ecclesiastical province of Gorz, with the exception of the Diocese of Laibach, which has a seminary of its own. Besides the cathedral at Gorz, completed about 1400, which exhibits various styles of architecture, mention should be made of the cathedral at Aquileia (basilican style), consecrated in 1031 by the Patriarch Popo; likewise the former pa- triarchal, now the parish, church in the city of Grado on the lagoons, ancient itself and rich in art treasures of the early Middle Ages, including sculptures, mosa- ics, etc., of the sixth century. De Rubeis, Mo7iumenta ecclesi^ Aquiteinsis (Argentina — Venice, 1740); Czoernig, Das Land Gorz und Gradisca (2 vols., Vienna, 1873-74); Jackson, Dalmatia, the Quarnero and Istria with Cettinje and- the Island of Grado (3 vols., Oxford, 1887); Caphin, Lagune di Grado (2nd ed.. Triest, 1890); Die Ocster- reichisch-Unciarische Monarchie in Wort und Bild, Vol. X: Das Kiislenland (Vienna, 1891); Teuffenbach, Kurier Abriss der Geschichie der gefiirsteten Grafschait Gorz und Gradisca bis zii deren Vereinigung mil dem House Habsburg im Jahre 1600 (Inns- bruck, 1900); tr. It., Carrara (Innsbruck, 1900); Ritter- ZHONY, Napoleon T: Die Besetzung von Gorz durch die Franz- osen im Friihjahr 1797 (Leipzig, 1905); Guidebooks to Gorz by Woerl (Leipzig, 1905) and Noe (2nd ed., Gorz, 1907); Docu- menla historiam archidiwceseos Goritiensis illustrantia edita ab Ordinariatu archiepiscopali Goritiensi (since 1907 published as a supplement to the diocesan paper, and in June, 1900, printed up to page 200): Sedej (present Prince-Bishop of G6rz), Giirz in Die katholische Kirche unserer Zeit und ihre Diener in Wort und Bi'W (Munich, 1900,11,321-30; (2nd ed., Munich, s.d.), 340-43; Status personalis et localis Archidiceceseos Goritiensis ineunte anno 1909 (Gorz, 1909). Gbegor Reinhold. Goscelin (or Gotselin, according to the spelling in the earliest MSS. of his works), a Benedictine bio- graphical writer; d. about 1009. He was born in the north of France and became a monk of St. Bertin's at Omer. Hermann, Bishop of Salisbury, brought him to England, but the exact date of his doing so is dis- puted. Wright gives 1058, on the authority of Will- iam of Malmesbury, but Goscelin himself states that he accompanied Hermann to Rome in 1049, shortly before the great Council of Reims in that year, and as that prelate returned to England in 1053, it seems likely that Goscelin came with him then. He re- mained in England to the end of his life, visiting many monasteries and cathedrals, and collecting, wherever he went, materials for his numerous biographies of English saints. William of Malmesbury praises his in- dustry in the highest terms. He was at Ely about 1082, where he wrote a life of St. Etheldreda. Between 1087 and 1092 he was at Ramsey, and compiled there a life of St. Ivo, or Ives. In 1098 he went to Canterbury, where he wrote his account of the translation of the relics of St. Augustine and his companions, which had taken place in 1091. This he dedicated to St. Anselm, and it was probably his last work. The Canterbury Obituary, quoted by Wharton, gives 15 May as the day of his death but does not name the year. He was certainly alive in the beginning of the year 1099, but we hear nothing of him afterwards. His works con- sist of the lives of many English saints, chiefly of those connected with Canterbury, where he spent his last years. Some of them have been printed by the Bol- landists, by Mabillon, and by Migne. Others are con- tained in MSS. in the British Museum (London) and at Cambridge. A full list of his known writings is given in the eighth volume of the "Histoire litteraire de France". His chief work was a life of St. Augustine of Canterbury, professing to be based on older records and divided into two parts, — an " Historia major" (in Mabillon, Acta SS. O.S.B., I) and an " Historia minor" (in Wharton, Anglia Sacra, I). His life of St. Swithin (in BoUandists, Acta SS., July) is also of some impor- tance, but the majority of his writings have not much value at the present day. His method seems to have been usually to take some older writer as his basis and to reproduce his work, in a somewhat inflated style, with additions of his own, but critics are agreed that no very great reliance can be placed on these latter. According to William of Malmesbury, Goscelin was also a skilled musician. William of Malmesbury, De Gest. Pmttif., ed. Hamilton in Rolls Series (London, 1870); Wharton, Anglia Sacra (London, 1691), I; Cave, Script. Eccles. (Geneva, 1705); Fabricius, Bibliotheca Latina (Florence. 1858); Chevalier, Bio-Bibl. (Paris, 1905-7); Wright, Biographia Britannica Literaria (London, 1842), I; Archer in Diet. Nat. Biog., s. v. G. Cyprian Alston. Gospel and Gospels. — The word Gospel usually designates a written record of Christ's words and cleeds. It is verj' likely derived from the .'^nglo-Saxon god (good) and spell (to tell), and is generally treated as the exact equivalent of the Greek evayyiKwu {ei well, ayyiWa. I bear a message), and the Latin Evan- gelium, which has passed into French, German, Italian, and other modern languages. The Greek ci;a77Aioi> originally signified the "reward of good tidings" given to the messenger, and subsequently "good tidings". Its other important meanings will be set forth in the body of the present general article on the Gospels. (1) Titles of the Gospels. — ^Tlie first four historical books of the New Testament are supplied with titles (Ei!a77Aio;' Kara MardaTov, EiayyfXiov Kara ilapKov,