Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 6.djvu/684

 GOAJIRA

606

GOAR

being secular clergy. Besides these there are 20 reli- gious of the Hospitallers of St. Francis, who conduct a college for girls and an asylum at Panjim, and 10 Sis- ters of Charity of Canossa, who have under them an asylum and orphanage at Belgaum. There are several schools affiliated to the seminary at Mapuca and also 145 elementary schools. The total Catholic popula- tion in Portuguese territory is reckoned at 293,628 out of a total population of 365,291. In British territory the Catholic population is more scanty, numbering about 35,403. According to the Madras Directory for 1908 the totals for the archdiocese are as follows: 102 parishes and 22 missions, 129 churches and 336 chapels, 619 priests, 312 confraternities, and 306 pious associa- tions; 3879 children attending schools, and a total Catholic population of 335,031.

The map of Goa, representing an area of about a mile and a half by one mile, which accompanies this article is based on those of Cottineau de Kloguen and Fonseca, modified by personal observations made in 1907. It claims to be a rough sketch only. The crosses represent objects of which no notable features remain.

Bullarium PatTonaius PortiigallicE, Lisbon, 1868; Jarric, Thesaurus Rerum Indicarum (1865), I, II; Paulinus a S. Barth- OLOMEo, India Orienlatis Christiana (Rome, 1794); de Souza, O Oriente Conquistadc (Bombay, 1886); Maffei, Historiarum Indicarum Lib. XVIII (Cologne, 1593); Nazareth, Mitras Lusitanas no Oriente, 2nd ed. (Lisbon, 1894); Raulin, Historia Ecclesice Malabaricce, cum Diamperitand Synodo (Rome, 1745); Cottineau de Kloguen, Historical Sketch of Goa (Madras, 1831); Fonseca, Historical and Archeological Sketch of the City of Goa (Bombay, 1878); de Bussieres, Historia do Schisma jPortuguez in India (Lisbon, 1854); Mullbauer, Geschichte der katholischen Missionen in Ostindien (Freiburg, 1852); Consti- iuicos do Arcebispado de Goa (Lisbon, 1810); Annuario da Archidiocese de Goa, 1907; Madras Catholic Directory (1908). For relations to Bombay, The Examiner (Bombay, 1907- 09), files. Ernest R. Hull.

Goajira, Vicariate Apostolic of. — Goajira, the most northern portion of South America, is a pe- ninsula running into (ho Caribbean Sea. It was the subject of a dispute between Venezuela and Colombia in 1891, and on arbitration was awarded to the latter and joined to the State of Magdalena. The area of the peninsula is about 5500 square miles. The scen- ery of Goajira is very picturesque; the temperature in the plains is very high, but temperate in the moun- tains. There is a good supply of cabinet wood in the country, bvit not much trade. The inhabitants, who number 80,000 (50,000 Catholics), are mostly of Indian or mixed race. They are tall and well-made. Formerly they were very intractable, but the Capu- chins, who are in charge of the Catholic missions, have had a great influence over them, and large numbers have been converted. The language spoken is an Indian dialect of the Arawak-Maypure group (see Arawaks). The chief towns are Paraguaipoa, Calabacito, Maricha, Marocaso, and Soldado. Goajira was erected by Pope Pius X, 17 January, 1905, into a vicariate Apostolic, dependent on the Congrega- tion of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs. Mgr At- tanasio Maria Vincenzo Soler-Royo, O. F. M. Cap., was appointed to the vicariate, as titular Bishop of Cithanzum, 18 April, 1907. At the present time there are 16 Capuchin priests, 10 lay-brothers, 7 secular priests, 26 religious of other congregations, 5 nuns, 9 residences, 20 churches and chapels, 7 schools (300 children), 1 college (50 students) in Goajira.

Annuaire Pontifical, 1909.

A. A. MacErlean.

Goar, Saint, an anchorite of Aquitaine; b. about 585; d. near Oberwesel (Germany), 6 July, 649. He came of a distinguished family, and at an early age gave evidence of sound piety. Prayer was the con- stant occupation of his heart, and meditation on the truths of religion that of his mind. Having received Holy orders, and being thus enabled to act with more authority, he laboured to secure the salvation of a

great number of souls. But being above all solicitous for his own sanctification, he resolved to leave the world, and about 618 he took up his dwelling in a lonely place at the extremity of the Diocese of Trier and in the neighbourhood of the little town of Ober- wesel. It was here that, near a little chapel which he built, he began to lead an existence completely de- tached from material and perishable things. Never- theless it was impossible for him so to conceal himself that his reputation did not spread far and wide. Pil- grims flocked to him, thus furnishing him with occa- sions to exercise tlie duties of hospitality in their behalf and to give them good advice. Two of them denounced him to Rusticus, Bishop of Trier, as a hypocrite and fond of good living, and he was called upon by the bishop to defend himself. According to the legend, he did so with the help of a miracle which re- sulted in the bishop's confusion and in the manifesta- tion of his unworthiness. King Sigebert III having learned of the occurrence summoned St. Goar to Metz and insisted that he should accept the episcopal see from which Rusticus had been driven. But the pious hermit was frightened by this offer, and asked time for reflection. On returning to his solitude he fell sick, and died before the burden of the episcopal dignity had been imposed upon him. A small church was dedicated to him, in 1768, in the little town on the banks of the Rhine which bears his name (St-Goar).

Mabillon, Acta SS. ord. S. Bened. (1669), II, 276-280; Hist, litl. de la France (1735), III, 501-502; Baillet, Vies des saints (1701), III, 6 July.

Leon Clugnet.

Goar, Jacques, Dominican and hellenist; b. at Paris, 1601 ; d. 23 September, 1653. He entered the convent of the Annunciation in the Rue St-Honor6, 1619, and made his profession there 24 May, 1620. Although lector of philosophy and theology, he applied himself to the study of Greek, and was sent to the Orient by his superiors, that he might eventually ren- der service to the Roman Church, through his knowl- edge of the ecclesiastical documents and the positive theology of the Greeks. He resided at Chios as mis- sionary Apostolic and prior of the Convent of St. Sebastian (1613-39), and availed himself of his oppor- tunities of travel to observe the various rites, to form the acquaintance of Orthodox scholars, and to study the points at issue between the Catholics and schis- matics. About 1640 he returned to Rome bringing with him many manuscripts, some of which were valuable. Henceforth he was in communication with the most learned and celebrated Greeks, notably Leo Allatius, Basil Falasca, George Coresi, Pantaleon Ligardio, and others. In 1643 he returned to Paris and was made master of novices, but in November of that year went to Rome on business for the order. After his return to Paris (16 July, 1644) he devoted himself to putting in order the rich material he had brought from the East, which he had increased by visits to the libraries of France and Italy. Appointed vicar provincial in 1652, his health failed under so many labours, and he fell ill and died.

The mostiraportant workof Goarishis "'EvxoXiyiov sive Rituale Gra^corum coniplectens ritus et ordines divine liturgije" (Paris, 1667), a classic work for the study of Greek Liturgy; it is important for its original texts and for its learned commentaries ; in the second edition (Venice, 1730) a number of errors were cor- rected. He also edited "Georgii Cedreni, compen- dium historiarum" (Paris, 1647); "Georgius Cbdinus, curopalata, De officiis magnse Ecclesia- et aulse Con- stantinopolitana:'" (Paris, 1648); "Georgii Monachi et S.P.N. Tarasii Chronographia ab Adamo usque ad Diiiclitinnum"; " Nicephori patriarchs Breviarium chronologicum" (Paris, 1652) ; " Theophanis Chrono- graphia et I^onis grammatici Vitje" (Paris, 1655). This edition of Theophanes was finished by F. Combe- fis. Goar also left unfinished (in manuscript) a work