Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 6.djvu/48

 FEDER

26

FEILMOSER

Wisbech Castle, a dismal prison belonging to the Bish- ops of Ely, which he shared with Watson, Bishop of Lincoln, and other confessors. Here he died a holy death, fortified by the Sacred Viaticum, and was buried in Wisbech Church. He was worn out by an imprisonment of twenty-three years for conscience' sake; a striking example of Elizabeth's ingratitude. Protestant writers unite in praising his virtues, es- pecially his kindness of heart, gentleness, and charity to the poor. Even Burnet calls him "a charitable and generous man". His best-known work is against Home, " The Declaration of such Scruples and Stays of Conscience touching the Oath of Supremacy", etc. He also wrote "Caveat Emptor", a caution against buying abbey lands, and a commentary on the Psalms, but these are lost.

Most complete life in Taunton, Etifjlish Black Monks of St. Benedict (London, 1897); Bradley in Diet, Nat. Biog., s. v., with good bibliography; Wood, Athence Oxon., II, 222; Weldon, Chronological Notes on English Congregation O. S. B. (Stan- brook Abbey, 1S81);Gillow, Bibl. Diet. Eng. Cath., II; Gasqdet, Last Abbot of Glastonbury and other Essays (London, 1908), s. v. Feckenham at Bath; Stapleton (vere Harpsfield), Counter- blast to Mr. Homes vayne blaste against Mr. Feckenham (Lou- vain, 1567); Reyner, Apostolatus Benedictinorum in Anglid (Douai. 1626); State Papers, Elizabeth, Domestic, XXII, XXXVI. CXIV, CXXXI, CXXXII, CXLIII, etc.; Dixon. History of the Church of England (London, 1891), IV, V.

Bede C.\MM.

Feder, Johann Michael, German theologian, b. 25 May, 1753, at Oellingen in Bavaria; d. 26 July, 1824, at Wurzburg. He studied in the episcopal seminary of Wiirzburg from 1772-1777; in the latter year he was ordained priest and promoted to the licentiate in the- ology. For several years Feder was chaplain of the Julius hospital; in 17S5 he was appointed extraordi- nary professor of theology and Oriental languages at the University of Wurzburg; was created a Doctor of Divinity in 1786; director of the university library, 1791; ordinary professor of theology and censor of theological publications, 1795. After the reorganiza- tion of the University of Wurzburg, 1803-4, he was appointed chief librarian, resigning the professorship of theology in 1805. Shortly after his removal from office as librarian, November, 1811, he suffered a stroke of apoplexy, from which he never fully re- covered. Feder was a prolific writer, editor, and translator, but was imbued with the liberal views of his time. His most meritorious work is a revision of Dr. Heinrich Braun's German translation of the Bible (1803), 2 vols. This revision served as the basis for Dr. AUioli's well-known translation. He also trans- lated the writings of St. Cyril of Jerusalem (1786) ; the sermons of St. Chrysostom on Matthew and John, in conjunction with the unfortunate Eulogius Schneider (1786-88); Theodoret's ten discourses on Divine Providence (178S); Gerard's lectures on pastoral duties (1803); de Bausset's life of Fenelon (1809-12), 3 vols., and the same author's life of Bossuet (1820); Fabert's ' ' Meditations "(1786). He was editor of the "Magazin zur Beforderung des Schulwesens" (1791- 97), 3 vols., of the " Prakt.-theol. Magazin fiir katho- lische Geistliche" (1798-1800), and of the "Wurz- burger Gelehrten Anzeigen" (1788-92). He also wrote several volumes of sermons.

HuRTER. Nomenclator: Buchberger, Kirchl. Handlexikon, I; ScHRODL in Kirchenlex., s. v.; Binder, Realencyclopeedie (1847); BrOck, Geschichte der kath. Kirche in Deutschland (Mainz, 1902), I.

Alexius Hoffmann.

Feehan, Daniel F. See Fall River, Diocese of.

Fees (Honoraria), Ecclesiastical. See Mass; Offeuing; Sacraments; Stipend.

Feilding, Rudolph William Basil, eighth Earl of Denbigh, and ninth Earl of Desmond, b. 9 April, 1823; d. 1892. He was educated at Eton t'ollege and 'Trinity College, Cambridge, where he took the degree of Mas- ter of Arts. He was received into the Church in 18.50, and took an active part in many ('atholic works of

charity under Cardinal Wiseman. As Viscount Feild- ing he was appointed honorary treasurer, jointly with Viscount Campden and Mr. Archibald J. Dvmn, of the Peter's Pence Association. He was a man of great courage and independence of character, qualities needed in the middle of the nineteenth century when the English Protestant mind was much inflamed in consequence of the establishment of the Catholic hier- archy in England. As a thanksgiving for his conver- sion, he built the Franciscan monastery at Pentasaph, North Wales.

Archibald J. Dunn.

Feilire of Aengus the Culdee. See Aengus.

Feilmoser, Andreas Benedict, theologian and Biblical scholar, b. 8 April, 1777, at Hopfgarten, Tyrol; d. at Tubingen, 20 July, 1831, studied at Salzburg from 1789 to 1794, took a two years' course in philoso- phy at the University of Innsbruck (1794-96), and entered the Benedictine Order at Fiecht, Tyrol, in September, 1796. At this abbey he studied the Orien- tal languages under Dom Georg Maurer, a monk of St. George's Abbey, Villingen. For his theological studies he was sent to Villingen, where he again heard Dom Maurer and Dom Gottfried Lumper, both eminent scholars. Returning to Fiecht in 1800, he taught Biblical exegesis and was ordained priest in 1801 ; late in the same year he was appointed master of novices, in 1802 professor of Christian ethics and in 1803 of ecclesiastical history. A number of theses which he published in 1803 aroused the suspicions of the ecclesi- astical authorities of the Diocese of Brixen. The Abbot of Fiecht was sharply rebuked for permitting Feilmoser to teach unsound doctrine. In 1804 ap- peared Feilmoser's " Animadversiones in historiam ecclesiasticam", which did not meet the approval of the diocesan authorities, who threatened, in case Feil- moser did not desist from advancing dangerous opin- ions, to institute proceedings against the abbot. To Feilmoser's request for a specification of the objection- able passages in his writings no reply was made, but the entire matter was reported to the emperor at Vienna. An investigation instituted by order of the emperor resulted favourably for Feilmoser. He was, nevertheless, removed from the office of master of novices and in 1806 was made assistant in the parish of Achenthal. By the Treaty of Presburg (26 Dec., 1805) Tyrol was cut off from Austria and became a part of Bavaria. The new Government, in November, 1806, appointed him professor of Oriental languages and of introduction to the Old Testament at the Uni- versity of Innsbruck. The monastery of Fiecht hav- ing been suppressed in 1807, he left the order. At Innsbruck he received the degree of Doctor of Theol- ogy in 1808 and was appointed to the chair of New- Testament exegesis. During the Tyrolese insurrection, August, 1809, he, with a number of other professors, was taken prisoner and carried to Pusterthal by order of Andreas Hofer. In 1810 he returned to Inns- bruck; in 1811 he was made professor of catecbetics, in 1812 of Latin and Greek philology, and in 1817 was reappointed professor of New-Testament exege- sis in the face of much opposition. About this time the old charges against him were revived, and in 1818 he was bitterly attacked in an anonymous work pub- lished at Augsburg. He was denied the opportunity of publicly defending himself, inasmuch as the im- perial censor at Vienna, on 17 July, 1819, decided that since the anonymous work was published in a foreign country, it was under Austrian censure and must be regarded as non-existent. On 25 April, 1820, he was formally appointed a professor at the University of Tubingen, where he continued to teach New-Testa- ment exegesis until his death.

He wrote: "Satze aus der christlichen Sittenlehre fiir die offentliche Prtif ung in dem Benedictinerstifte zu Fiecht" (Innsbruck, 1803); " Satze aus der Einleitung