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 6ARESCHE

384

GARIN

a small price to pay for the restoration of the Faith in England. Though Foxe with his customary men- dacity has represented Gardiner as a monster of cruelty, he hail but little to do with the " Marian per- secution", of which he personally disapproved, and he only took part in one trial for heresy — the C^ommission of Inquiry into the teaching of Hooper, Rogers, Saun- ders, and Taylor. By the summer of 1555, Gardiner's health was failing; he was suffering from jaundice and dropsy and was terribly changed in appearance, but he struggled on with his duties and managed to address Parliament, 21 October. The effort of making his speech was however too much for him, and, being unalile to return home, he was carried to Whitehall, where he lay till the end came on 12 November. As the story of the Passion was read aloud to him, when St. Peter's denial was described, he cried out " Negavi cum Petro, exivi cum Petro, sed nondum flevi cum Petro " — the dying expression of his sorrow for his fall.

Besides " De vera obedientia", he wrote "Conques- tioad M. Bucerum de impudenti ejusdempseudologia" (Lou vain, 1544); "A Detection of the Devil's Sophis- trie wherein he robbeth the unlearned people of the true byleef in the most blessed Sacrament of the Aulter" (London, 1546); "Epistola ad M. Bucerum" (Louvain, 1546); "A declaration of suche true arti- cles as G. Joye hath gone about to confute as false" (London, 1546); "An Explication of the true Catho- lique Fayth touching the blessed Sacrament " (Rouen, 1551); "Confutatio cavillationum " (1551); "Palino- dia Ubri de vera obedientia" (Paris, 1552); "Contra convitia Martini Buceri" (Louvain, 1554); "Exetasis testimonioruni qua^ Bucerus minus genuine e S. pa- tribusnonsancteedidit de coelibatus dono" (Louvain, 1554); "Epistolae ad J. Checum de pronuntiatione linguae grsecse" (Basle, 1555). Sermons, letters, and despatches are to be found in the State Papers, Collier's "Ecclesiastical History", Foxe's "Acts and Monuments", and elsewhere. Some unpublished M,SS. are in Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, and one in Lambeth Library. There are portraits at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, and at O.xford.

Bhewer and Gairdner, state Papers of Henry VIII, 20 vols, and introductions (London, 1862-1907); Lingard, History of England, Vol. V (London, s. d.); Brewer, Reign of Hennf VIII to the death of Wolsey (London, 18S4); Gillow, Bibl. Diet. Eng. Cath. (London, 1886), s. v.; Mullinger, Diet, Nat. Biog. (Lon- don, 1889), s. v.; Stone, History of Mary I, Queen of England (London, 1901).

Edwin Burton.

Gareschg, Julius Peter, soldier; b. 26 April, 1821, near Havana, Cuba; killed at the battle of Stone River, Tennessee, U. S. A., .31 December, 1862. He was sent to Georgetown College, Washington, in 183.3, and remained there four years, Then he was ap- pointed to the U. S. Military Academy, at West Point, and graduated with the class of 1841, receiving his commission as a second-lieutenant in the Fourth Artil- lery. The five subsequent years were spent on the frontier and in garrison duty. During the Mexican War he .served with distinction, and was appointed assistant adjutant-general, with the rank of captain in 1855. Wherever he was stationed, Garesche always took an active part in the affairs of the Church. In Washington he organized the first local conference of the St. Vincent de Paul Society, and during his resi- dence at the capital acted as its president. He con- tribvited frequently on Catholic, social and political questions, to the New York " Freeman's Journal " and "Brownson's Quarterly Review", and in September, 1851, in recognition of his services to the Church, re- ceived from Pius IX the decoration of a Knight of St. Sylvester. When t lie Civil War broke out, he declined a commission as brigadier-general of volunteers, and was made chief of staff, with the rank of lieutenant- colonel in the regular army, to General William S. Rosecranz. In this capacity he participated in the operations of the Army of the Cumberlanil. At the

battle of Stone River, he was killed by a cannon-ball, while leading a column in a gallant attempt to regain a lost day.

Louis Gareschb, Biography of Lieut.-Col. Julius P. Gareschi (Philadelphia, 1887); Shea, History of Georgetown College (New York, 1891 ) ; Cyclopadia of Amer. Biog. s. v.

"Thomas F. Meehan.

Caret, Jean, Benedictine of the Congregation of Saint-Maur, b. at Havre about 1627; d. at Jumieges,

24 September, 1694. He was professed in 1647 when he was twenty years old, and lived in the Abbey of Saint-Ouen at Rouen. While there he prepared an edition of Cassiodorus which was published at Rouen in 1679. Momnisen's criticism on his edition of the "Varice", which was included in the above work, is very severe: " A work without either skill or learning, Garet took Fournier's text (Paris, 1579) as a basis, and inserted alterations of his own rather than correc- tions." (Mon. Germ. Hist.: Auct. antiq., XII, cxv). As a preface to his edition Garet wrote a dissertation in which he tried to prove that Cassiodorus was a Benedictine. Migne followed the Garet edition in P. L., LXIX-LXX, and it remains the most complete motlern edition. Needless to say it does not contain the "Complexiones" discovered later by Maffei.

Le Cebf de la Vieville, Bibliothlque historique et critique des auleurs de la congregation de Saint-Maur (The flague, 1726),

Paul Lejay.

Gargara, a titular see in the province of Asia, suf- fragan of Ephesus. The city appears to have been situated on Mt. Gargaron, the highest peak (1690 feet) of Mt. Ida, celebrated in Grecian mythology and the Homeric epic. It was at first inhabited by a colony from Assos, who were followed by people from Mile- topolis. The grammarian Diotimcs conilucted a school here which was poorly attended by the uncul- tured inhabitants of Gargara. Three of the ancient bishops of Gargara were John, 518; Theodore, 55.3; and Ephrem, 878. Mt. Gargara is now known as Dikeli-Dagh, forming part of Kaz-Dagh, the ancient Ida. It has been thought that the city itself was dis- covered in the ruins of Akrili in the caza of Aivadjik and the sanjak of Bigha. Gargara must not be con- fused with the Jacobite bishopric of Gargar or Birta of Gargar, to-day Gerger, situated in the mountains west of the Euphrates and south of Malatia.

Smith, Diet, of Greek and Roman Geogr. (London, 1878), I, 976-77; Lequien, Oricns Christ. (1740), I, 70.3-04; 11, 1S91-92; Gams, Series Epia. Eccl. Cath., 444.

S. Vailhe.

Garin. See Erzerum, Diocese of.

Garin, Andre, an Oblate missionary and parish priest, b. 7 May, 1S22, at C6te-»Saint-Andr^, Isere, France; d. at Lowell, Massachusetts, 16 February, 1895. He received his education at the lesser semi- nary of his native town, and entered the Ortler of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate, 1 November, 1842; as he was still too young to be admitted to the priest- hood he was sent to Canada, where he was ordained

25 April, 1845, by Bishop Bourget of Montreal. During a period of twelve years he devoted himself to the Indian missions of Eastern Canada, after which he occupied the post of superior successively at Platts- burg and at Buffalo.

Though his services were peculiarly valuable in his early fields of labour as he had mastered both the Montugnais and the English languages, yet an able man being needed to organize parish and mission work among the French Canadians at Lowell. Father Garin was ordered thither and in a short time his reMiarkal)le good sense, courteous manner, and kindly disposition won for him a wonderful influence over his peojile. During a pastorate of some twenty-five years he built costly churches and eommodious school edifices; he also established several religious confraternities among