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 OALLEGO

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GALLIA

335 hoys and 376 girlsattended the 14 Catholic schools, of which 9 had been opened that year; there are now (1909) some 2140 boys and 1009 girls in 39 schools. In 1901 was opened St. Aloysius's College, under the Jesuit Fathers, with 300 pupils. Belgian Sisters of Charity of Jesus and Mary render praiseworthy help. They have a convent in Galle (1896) and one in Mat- ara (1908), while a third is being built at Kegalla. To the Galle convent is attached a room for lace-making, work from which won a gold medal at the St. Louis Exhibition (U. S. A.) in 1904. A similar institution has been started at Matara.

Miiisions Beiges dc la Compafjnic de Jesus (monthly, Brussels): Missiones Catholicce (Rome, Propaganda, 1907).

J. COOREMAN.

Gallego, Juan Nicasio, priest and poet; b. at Zaniiira, Sp:iiii, 14 Dec, 1777; d. at Madrid, 9 Jan., 18,5:!; received his training at Salamanca; entering into Holy orders, he soon went to Madrid, where he was given a post in the royal palace, being made director of the royal pages. His feelings as a patriot and his love for pseudo-classicism very naturally led him to a.ssociate himself with the coterie about the poet Quintana. Imitating the latter's metres, he surpassed him in perfection of form, but remains somewhat his inferior in respect of inspiration. It is by virtue of only seven odes and elegies that Gallego attained the high rank which he certainly occupies among Spanish poets. Of these the first was the ode, "A la defensade Buenos Ayres" (1807), directed against the English, who, taking advantage of Spain's naval weakness, and the uneasiness in the colonies, had seized for the moment the capital of the Argentine region. With intensified liberal tendencies, Gallego presented himself for election, and was returned a deputy to the Cortes. He had consistently opposed the French invaders of the Spanish soil, with both pen and voice, yet the despotic Ferdinand VII, after his return in 1814, imprisoned him because of his liberal- ism. During the second constitutional period, now free again, he was appointed Archdeacon of Valencia. The Royal Spanish Academy took him into its mem- benship, and made him its perpetual secretary. The most famous of the few compositions left by Gallego is the elegy " El Dos de Mayo", which commemorates the events of 2 May, 1808, when the heroic and de- voted opposition presented to the French troops by three Spanish artillerymen, Ruiz, Daoiz and Velarte, led to the rising of the whole land against the Napo- leonic usurper. The effect of Gallego 's stirring strains upon his countrymen, urging them to resist unto the death, can hardly be exaggerated. Excellence of form characterizes this poem, as it does his elegy on the death of the Duchess of Frias.

His poems are in the Biblioicca dc autores espanoles, LXVII. BLANCo-GARcfA, Historia de la literatura espaiiola en el siglo

' ' ■ J. D. M. Ford.

Gallese. See CivitX Castellana, Obte, and Gallese, Diocese of.

Galletti, Pietro Luigi, Benedictine, historian and archa'cloglst; b. at Rome in 1724; d. there, 13 Decem- ber, 1790. He was educated in Rome where he en- tered the Order of St. Benedict. While a monk in the Abbey of St. Paul Without the Walls, he made a col- lection of the numerous ancient inscriptions used in the pavement of the floor of the famous basilica or scattered among the cloister buildings and in the sur- rounding vineyards. These became soon the nucleus of a classified museum of Christian and Pagan inscrip- tions. Later (111 he liccainc keeper of the archives and librarian of tin- Hcnciliclines in Florence. Pius VI bestinvcil various licMcfices on him and made him titular Bishop of Cyrciic.

As a historian Galletti displayed great erudition and diligence. Somq of his writings are still authoritative,

notably his collection of inscriptions and his works on the higher papal officials of the old Lateran Palace. His literary activities were directed to widely di- vergent periods and spheres of historical and ar- cha;ological research. On Roman antiquity he wrote: "Capena, municipio dei Romani" (Rome, 1756), and " Gabbio, antioa citta di Sabina, scoperta ove era Torri" (Rome, 1757). His two works "Del Vesta- rario della santa Romana chiesa" (Rome, 1758), and "Del Primicerio della S. Sede Apostolica e di altri Uffiziali Maggiori del Sacro Palazzo Lateranense" (Rome, 1776) deal with the early history of the Roman (iuria. The latter work is especially thorough and important. Among his contributions to the history of the religious orders the following are noteworthy: " Lettera intorno la vera e sicuraorigine del ven. ordine di S. Girolamo" (Rome, 1755), and " Raggionamento dell ' origine e de' primi tempi dell ' abbadia Fiorentina " (Rome, 1773). He was the author of a biography of the bishops of Viterbo: " Lettera a Giannantonio Ber- etta sopra alcuni vescovi di Viterbo" (Rome, 1759), and of Cardinal Passionei: "Memorie per servire alia storia della vita del card. Domenico Passionei" (Rome, 1762). His work on the early churches of Rieti is of value for Christian archaeology: "Memoria di tre an- tiche chiese di Riete, S. Micnele Arcangelo, S. Agata alia Rocca, S. Giacomo" (Rome, 1765). Finally, it is to Galletti that is due the first great collection of medieval inscriptions, treated as a source of historical information. His " Inscriptiones Venetac infimi a-vi RomiE exstantes " (Rome, 1757) was followed in the same series by the inscriptions found in Rome con- cerning Bologna, Rome itself (3 vols.), the March of Ancona, and Piedmont, in all seven volumes (1757- 66).

HuRTER, NomenclaloT, s. v.; Biographic icniverselle, s, v.; Paoh, Le nolizie speltanti a Mons. P. Luigi Galletti (Rome, 1791).

J. P. KiRSCH.

Gallia Christiana, a documentary catalogue or list, with brief historical notices, of all the dioceses and abbeys of France from the earliest times, also of their occupants. In 1621 Jean C!henu, an avocat at the Parlement of Paris, published a book entitled "Archi- episcoporum ct episcoporum Gallia; chronologica his- toria ". Nearly a third of the bishops are missing, and the episcopal succession as given by Chenu was very incomplete. In 1626 Claude Robert, a priest of Lan- gres, pulilished with the approbation of Baronius a "Gallia Christiana", in which he even entered a large number of churches outside of Gaul, and gave a short history of the metropolitan sees, cathedrals, and ab- beys. Two brothers de Sainte-Marthe, Sc(5vole (1571-1650) and Louis (1571-1656), appointed royal historiographers of France in 1620, had assisted Chenu and Robert. At the Assembly of the Clergy in 1 646 a number of prelates commissioned these brothers to compile a more definitive work. They died before the completion of their work, and it was issued in 1656 by the three sons of Sc6vole de Sainte-Marthe, Pierre (1618-90), himself historiographer of France, Abel (1620-71), theologian, and later general of the Oratory, and Nicolas-Charles (162.3-62), prior of Claunay. On 13 September, 1656, the Sainte-Marthe brothers were presented to the Assembly of the French Clergy, who had accepted the dedication of the work on condition that a passage suspected of Jansenism be suppressed. The work formed four volumes in folio, the first for the archdioceses, the second and third for the dioceses, and the fourth for the abbeys, all in alpha- betical order. The title was " Gallia Christiana, qua series omnium archiepiscoporum, episcoporum et ab- batum FranciiK vicinarumquc ditionum ab origine ecclesiarum ad nostra tcmpora |ier (luatuor tomos de- ducitur, et probatur ex aiiticiuie lidci manuscriirtis Vaticani, regum, principum, taliulariis omnium Gal- lia! cathedralium ct abbatiarum". Such as it was.