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FRIARS

BEHO in Archiv fur Oeslcrreichusche Gesch,, XLIX (Vienna. 1S7') 314-25; Idem. Memoriale O. F. M. (an amplification of thetet-menrioncd work) in Mmumenta Polonia Hislorxca. \ (Lcmber?. 1888), 64 sqq.; Mark of Lisbon, ChTonxca de ta orden des tos Frayles Mawres (LUbon, 1556, etc., 1613; Sala- manca. 1626, etc.). It. tr. Diola (Brescia. 1581, etc.; Milan, 1609; Venice, 15SS, etc.; Naples, 1680. etc.); It. tr. (Pans, 1600, etc.); Ger. tr. (Constance, 1604); Ridolfi (Tossignano), Uisloriarum semphica rdiffionis libri Ires (Venice, 1586); OoN- ZAGA, Hisloria originis seraphica reUgionis. etc. (Home, lo87; 2nd ed., Venice, 1603). , ■, >

The priDcipal v/ork on the history of the order is Annales Minorum. in 8 fol. vols. (Lyons and Rome, 1625-54), of HV ad- ding (d. 1658). To this df. Melissaso wrote a supplement (Turin, 1710); Hahc.ld wrote an abstraxit EpUome Annalium Ord. Min.. in 2 fol. vols. (Rome, 1662). A 2nd ed. of the Annates. with the supplement of de Melissano, was issued m 16 fol. vols. (Rome, 1731-36), vol. XVII (Rome, 1741) is an index only Several continuations (Rome, Naoles, Quaracchi, li40-issn) bring the history up to 1622. in 25 vols. Other works are: de GtJBER.VATls. Orbis seraphirus seu hislona de trth-usordimbvs, etc., 5 fol. vols. (Rome and Lyons. 1682-89). vol. \ I (Quaracchi, 1887); DE Alva et Abtokga, Monumenta aniiqwi seraphica a,ouvain, 1664); Idem. Indicuhis Bullarii Franciscaril (Rome, loss); Sannig. Chronik der drey Orden S. /'ranCMCi (3 vols., Pracue. 1689, etc.): Huber, Dreyjache Chronikh vm dem drey- fachen Orden dcss If. . . . Francisci (Munich, 16S_6); van den lUt'TE, Bre\-is Hisloria Ord. Minorum (Rome, li / < ); Kanier-; M iRczic (pseudonym of Mahraccini), Apologia per I ordine de Fratri Minori (Lucca, 1748-50), 3rd vol. by DA Decimo, who also edited the Secoli Serafici in 1757; Khesslincer, Ortus et progressiis Ord. Min. Monachii (Munich, 1732); da \icenz.i, Sloria cronoloffica dei tre ordini di S. Francesco (\ enice, 1 1 bO-l ) ; DA Latera, Manualede' Frati Minori (Rome, 1776); Benoffi, Compendia di sloria Minoritica (Pesaro, 1829); Papini. Stona di S.Francesco, 2 vols. (Foligno, 1825), Panfilo da Magllino, Sloria compendiosa di S. Francesco e de' Francescam. extending onlv to 1414 (2 vols., Rome, 1874-76), vol. L, Ger. tr. (Munich, 1SS3); Jeiler, in Kirchenlex., s. v. Franciscanerorden; P.ktre-m, Tableau sunoptioue de VHisloire de Vordre de SI. Franfois de 120S h 1S7S (Paris. 1878), continued to 1909 (Paris. 1909); tr. into Latin under title Manuale Hisloria: O. F. M. . . . lalme red- dilum a P Gallo Haselbeck (Freiburg. 1909); Palomes. Slorxa di S. Francesco, 7th ed. (2 vols., Palermo, 1879); Idem, Dei trail Minori e deUe loro denominazioni (Palermo, 1897).

The collection Analecta Franciscana sive Chronica aliaque varia documenia ad Hisloriam Fralrum Minorum .Speclanlui (vol I, Quaracchi, 1885; II, 1887: III, 1897; l\, 1906; V, 1910 contains the important chronicles, etc., of the order. A special journal, ^rcAiDum Frandscamim Hisloricum (A.t. H.).{vo\. I. 1908- II, 1909, etc.), was started in 1908 for the investigation of the history of the order. The same purpose is served — though much less comprehensively— by the Miscellanea Francescann published by Faloci-Pulignani (10 vols., Fohgno, 1886-190S) , Eludes Franciscaines (20 vols., Paris, 1899-1908), especially from vol XII, see also C. Eubel. Die avignonische Obedient der Mendikanlenorden (Paderborn. 1900); Das Archiv fur Lil.-und Kirchengesch. (A. L. K. G.). cf. supra; W ieshoff. Die SleUung der Betlelorden in den deulschen freien Eeichsladlen in M. A. (Leipzig. 1905); Uol.l.^.yFS.U Die Anfange der Monies Pielatis, 1462-1515 (Munich. 1903). tr. RoccA (San Casciano, 190o); Focco.5(u<iufrancf«cani (2 vols.. Naples. 1909); Heimbucher, Die Orden und Congregalionen der kalhol. hirche. 11 (2nd ed.. Paderborn, 1907). 307-387, 424-475, where an excellent bibliog- raphy is given. The best, and the only complete, manual of the order's history is the Handbuch der Gesch. des Franciscnneror- dcns (Freiburg and St. Louis).

(2) Bulls. General Constitutions of the Order. — Monu- menla ord. Min. Firmamenl.. ed. Wadding in .4riiia/cs 0. M. each volume of which contains a rich appendix of documents; Sbaralea (Sbaraglia). BuJtorium fronciscani/m (1219-1302). (4 vols.. Rome. 1759-68). continued by Eubel. Bull. Franc. (1303-1431), V-VII (Rome, 1898. 1902. 1904); Eubel. Bullam Franciscani Epitome. . . addito Supplcmenio (Quaracchi, 1908), a digest of all the bulls of Sbarai.ea (Bull. Fr., I-H ), with supplement; da L.^tera. Supplementum ad Bullanum Fmnciscanum (Rome, 1780), intended to remove the "conven- tual" interpretation of Sbaralea. The different constitutions of the order since 1.506 have usually been issued separately; the latest is Regula el Cmislitutiones generates Fralrum Min. (Rome, 1897). Concerning the earliest constitutions .=ee Eiirle id A. L. K G. VI. 1-138; A. F. H., II (1909). 269 sqq.: Little. Decrees of the General Chapters of the Friars Minor (1260-82) in English Historical Reriew. XIII (London. 1898). 703 sqq. The largest collection is to be found in Chronotogia historico-tegatis Ordinis Fralnim Min. (4 vols.. Naples. Venice, and Rome, 1650- 1795). The official decrees of the pope, the Roman Congrega- tions and General Curia since 1880 are collected in the Ada Ordinis Minorum (28 vols. Quaracchi. 1882-1909).

(3) History of the Provinces of the Order. — (i1 Italy: — Ant. a Terinca. Thealrum Etrusco-Minorilicum (Florence. 1682); .Ant. ab Orvieto. Chronotogia delta provincia serafica rif dell' Vmbria (Perugia. 17171; Ant. da Nola. Cronica delta rif pror. rft'iVapoh' (Naples. 1718); Pf.trusTognoletto. Para- disosfra/iro rfi.S'ici7ia(PalenTio. 1667); Flam, Bottardi. Wfmone Sloriche dell' Osserranle Prov. di Bologna (Parma. 1760. etc.); Al. a Pedelama. Parra Chronica Prov. Seraphica: Ref. (.Assisi. 1886): Spila da Subiaco. Memorie Storiche delta Prov. Romana Rif (3 vols.. Rome, 1890-96): Marcus Cervone da Lanciano, Cnmpendio di Sloria de' Frati Minori nri tre Abnuzi (Lanciano. 1893); PiccoNi DA Cantalopo. Cennibiografcisugtiuommiilhis- tri ddla prov. ossero di Bologna, I (Parma. 1S94) ; Idem, Alii capv-

Inlari delta minoritica Provincia di Bologna (1458-1905), 2 vols. (Parma, 1901-05); Idem, Serie cronologico-biugrafica dri Min- isiri. . . edellaprov. di Bologna (Parma, 190S). (ii) France: — Chronica SU Generatium Ord. Min. in A. F., III. 1 sqq.; Firmamentum (cf. supra) (1512); Fodere. Narration histonque et iopographique des convents de St. Francois. . . de Bourgogne (Lyons, 1619); Rapi-ne, Hisloire generate de I'Ordre et progrcs des Frires Mineurs. . . appeUs. . . Rccotlets (Paris. 1631); Le Febvre. Hisloire chronologigue de ta province des Recoltels de Paris (Paris. 1677): Ed. d'Aijincon. Essai de Martyrotoge de I'Ordre des Freres Mineurs pendant la revolution fran^aise 1792- ISOO (Paris, 1892); Cherance, Kos Martyrs (Paris, 1908); db Kerval. St. Franfois d'Assise el Vordre siraphique (Vannes, 1898); ViLLERFT, Les Freres Mineures de France en face du Protestantisme (Vannes, 1902); Daux, L'ordre franciscain dans te Montalbanais (Montauban, 1903); de Barenton, Les Fran- ciscains en France — only 64 pp., 6th ed. (Paris, 1903); Othon de Pavie, L'Agnitaine Seraphiqite (4 vols,. Vannes. Tournai, 1900-07). (iii) Spain: — Ant. Hebrera. Chronica de la Provin- cia deAragun (Zaragoza, 1703-5); Al. de Torres. Chronica de la Provincia de Granada (Madrid. 1&831; Franc, de Jesus Maria, Chronicas de ta Provincia de S. Diego en Andalueia, I (Seville, 1724); Jos. de Jesus Maria. CArOTiira rfei'an/a Proi'tTi- cia da Immacutada Conceicdo de Portugal (Lisbon. 1760. etc), (iv) Germany and North Europe: — Jordanus a Yano: Glass- berger (cf.- supra), Chronica anontjma in A. F., 1. 279-300; Huber. Drerifache Chronikh (cf. .supra); Placidus Herzog. Cosmographia Franciscano-Auslriacw Provincia- S. Bemardini (1732). cd. in .4. F., I. 41-213: Idem. Cosmogr. Provincia S. Joan, a Capislrano (Cologne, 1740); Fridhich, Hisloria . . . Prov. Hxingarice ord. min. SS. Salvatoris (Kosovo, 1759); Biernacki, Specxdum Minorum seu . . . prov. Sarmalica- el Vicariae Russice (Cracow, 1688); Greiderer, Gcrmania Fran- ciscana (2 vols., Innsbruck. 1777-81); Knudsen. En gnmmel Kronikeon Graabroedrenes Vdjagetse of deres Ktcsire i Danemark (Copenhagen. 1,851). Ger. tr. (Munster, 1863); Fr. tr. (Brussels. 1861); It. tr. (Florence, 1862); 'Kokeb. Gesch. der norddentschen Framiskanermissionen der suchsischen Provinz von hi. Kreuz (Freiburg. 1880); Guggenbichler. Brilrdge zur Kirchengesch. des XVI. und XVII. Jahrhunderts. Bedeulung und Verdiensle des Franziskanerordens ■ im Kampfe gegen den Prolestantismus (Bozen. 18.80). only vol. 1 issued (2nd cd.. Bozen, 1881); C. Eubel. Gesch. der oberdeulschen (Strassburger) Minonlenpromm (Wurzburg. 1886); Lemmens. Niedersdchsische Franriskan- erkWsler im Mitletatter (Hildesheim, 1896); Friess. Gesch. der Oeslerreichischen Minoritenprovinz in Archir flir •^.^lerrriehische G<-sc*..LXIV (Vienna. 1882). 79 sqq.; Mi-.i- C, I, <lrrFran-

ziskaner in Bayem (Munich, 1896); .'^ /' '")«« zur

Gesch. der kiilnischen Franziskaner-On!,. .. M. A.

(Cologne, 1904); C. Eubel, Gesch. du- '!..■,,, ;. Mnmrifen- Ordensprovinz (Cologne, 1896); Bihl. i,,-.',-h. or.s h ranz-iskan- erkloslers Frauenberg zu Futda (Fulda. 1907); Keisch, Gesch. des Ktosters S. Dorothea in Breslau (Breslau, 1908); Rant. Die Franziskaner der oslerreichischen Provinz. ihr Wirkenin Niedero- slerreich. Steiermark und Krain US19-1B96) (Stein in Carolina. 1908) ■ Golichowski. Materyaty do Hisloryi 00. Bemardyndw ve Polsce (Cracow, 1899); van Behlo. L'Ordre des Freres Mineurs en Bdgique, 183S-190S (Mechlin. 1908). (v) Great Britain and Ireland: — Eccleston (cf. supra). English version by Cuthbert. The Friars and how they came In England (Lon- don. 1903); Little, The Grey Friars in Oxford (Oxford, 1892); Historical Sketch of the Order in England, appendix to Leon, Lives of the Saints (cf. infra), IV (Taunton. 18S7); Parkinson. Collectanea Anglo- Minoritica, or a Colteclion of the Antiquities of the English Franciscans, I (London. 1726); Angelus a S. FRANasco (Mason). Certamen sernphicum provincia: Angliw (Douai. 1649; 2nd ed.. Quaracchi. 1885); Bourchier. Histnna de Martyrio Fratr. Minorum in Anglia (Ingolstadt, 1583): Brewer and Howlett. Monumenta Franciscana. 2 vols.. R. S. (London. 1858, 1882); Thaddf.us (Hermans), The Franciscan.-! in England, 1600-1850 (London, 1898): Meehan. The Rise and Fall of the Irish Franciscan Monasteries (Dublin. 1877); Ed- wards. The Grey Friars and thrir first houses in Scotland (Aber- deen. 1907). „,, , ^

(4) History of the Missions, — Vi addisg, Annates; deGub- ERNATls,(?r6isScrapAiVu,s(cf, supra); da ClvEZZA..S(ona Univer- sale ddte Missio7ii Franciscane (11 vols,, Rome. Prato. Florence. 1857-95); Idem, Sagnio di bihliografia (cf. supra), containing an extensive bibliography: Victor-Bern, de Kouen. Histoire vniversette des Missions Franciscaines (4 vols.. Paris. 1898). a French translation of portion of the monumental work of da Civezza; Juan Franc, be S. .Antonio. Cronicas de la apostolica vrov. deS. Gregorio en las islas Filipinos (3 vols,. Manila. 1738- 41); American Catholic Quarterly Review, XXX (1905). 672 saa ; Grotcken in Hislorisch-polit. Blatter, CXLII (Munich, 1908), SS7 sqq.; Idem in Pastor Bonus (Trier, 1908), XX, 456 sqq. (China); Idem, Ioc. cit.. XX. 81 sqq. (Morocco); Castel- LANOS, Aposlotado serdfico en Marrveccns (Madrid and Santiago. 1896); DA Crv-EZZA and Domenichelli. La Paleslina cd I rimanti Missioni Franciscani (Florence. 1890); Goiubovich. Bibliotheca bin-hibliografica delta Terra Santa e dell Onenle francescann, I (Quaracchi. 1906); Archivum Franc. Hisloncum (Quaracchi. 1908). I sqq.; Fernandez. Conspectus Omnium Missionum ordinis Fralrum Minorum an. 1904-1905 (Quarac- chi. 1905). ^ „ T-

(5) Particular Bibliography. — Marianus of Florence. Ridolfi Toss, (cf, supra); Willot. Alhenw Orthodoxorum Sodatitii Franciicnni (Li^ge. 1598): Wadding. Scriplores Ord. Min. (Rome, 1650: 2nd ed., Rome. 1806; 3rd ed.. Rome. 1906); Johannes a S. Antonio. Bibliotheca Franciscana (3 vols,. Madrid. 1732-33); Sbaralea. Supplementum d Castigalin ad Scriptores Ord. S. Francisci (2 vols., Rome, 1806; 2nd ed., 1908-