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FREJUS

brother of St. Castor and friend of John Cassian, who in the Diocese of Toulon, and later Archbishop of

dedicated to him his first ten "CoUationes", and of Toulouse; and the virgin St. Rosaline, prioress of the

St. Honoratus, founder of the monastery of L^rins; monastery of La Celle-Roubaud, who died in 1329,

Theodore (433—1.55), Abbot of the lies d'Hyrres, to and whose shrine, situated at Les Arcs near Dragui-

whom Cassian dedicated the last seven " CoUationes " ; gnan, has been for six centuries a place of pilgrimage,

St. Auxilius (c. 475), formerly a monk of Lerins, and later a martyr under Eurie, Arian King of the Visigoths; Riculfus (973-1000), who restored the ruins made by the Saracens, and built the cathedral and the episcopal palace; Ber- trand (1044-91), who founded the collegiate church of Barjols; Ray- mond Berengarius (1235-1248), who arranged the marriage of Beatrice, daughter of the Count of Provence, with Charles of Anjou; Jacques d'Euse (1300-1310), preceptor of St. Louis of Toulouse, and later pope under the name of John XXII; Cardinal Nicolo Fieschi (1495- 1524), who at the time of his death was dean of the Sacred College; Andr^-Hercule de Fleury (1698- 1715).

II. Toulon. — The legend which states that a certain Cleon, who ac-

are likewise especially honoured in the diocese. The sojourn in 1482 of St. Francis of Paula at Bormes and at Frejus, where he caused the cessation of the plague, made a last- ing impression. The chief places of pilgrimage in the Diocese of Frejus and Toulon are those of Notre- Dame des Anges at Pignans, the chapel which King Thierry estab- lished in 508, for the veneration of a statue of the Blessed Virgin recov- ered by a shepherd and which, it was said, had been brought to Pignans by St. Nympha, niece of St. Maxi- minus and companion of St. Mary Magdalen; Notre-Dame de B6nat, a shrine dating from the sixteenth century ; Notre-Dame de Graces at Cotignac, which dates from 1519, and later served by some priests who formed themselves into a re- ligious community under the rule

companied St. Lazarus to Gaul was the founder of of St. Philip Neri, and were the first Oratorians in the Church of Toulon, is based on an apocryphal France. In 1037, as the result of an apparition of the document composed in the fourteenth century and Blessed Virgin to Frere Fiacre, Louis XIII and Anne a.scribed to a sixth-century bishop named liidier. of Austria sent him to Cotignac to offer up prayers. Honoratus and Gratianus, according to the "Gallia Anne of Au.stria became the mother of Louis XIV, Christiana", were the first bishops of Toulon whose antl in 1660 he went in solemn state to Cotignac to re- names are known to history, but Duchesne gives turn thanks to Notre-Dame de Graces.

Augustalis as the first historical bishop. He as- sisted at councils in 441 and 442 and signed in 449 and 450 the letters ad- dres.sed to Pope Leo I from the province of Aries. St. Cyprian, disciple and biog- rapher of St. Ccesarius of Aries, is also mentioned as a Bishop of Toulon. His episcopate, begun in 524, had not come to an end in 541 ; he converted to Catholicism the Visi- goth chiefs, Mandrier and Flavian, who became an- chorites and martyrs on the peninsula of Mandrier. The Island of Lerins, well known as the site of the celebrated monastery founded there in 410 (see Lerins) was sold in 1859 by the Bishop of Frgjus to an English purchaser. A number of the saints of Lerins are especially hon- oured in the diocese. Among them are Sts. Honoratus, C!iEsarius, Hilary, and Virgilius, all of whom became archbishops of Aries; Q u i n i d i u s, Bishop of

Cathedral of Saint-Etienne, Fr^jub

The church of St. Maxi- minus, begun towards the end of the thirteenth cen- tury by Charles II of Sic- ily and completed by the end of the fifteenth cen- tury, is the most beautiful example of pointed archi- tecture in the south of France. The head of St. Mary Magdalen is hon- oured here, and the crypt contains tombs which tlate from the first cen- turies of the Christian Era. (For an account of the traditions on this sub- ject, see Lazarus and Mary Magdalen.) The celebrated preacher Mas- siUon (1003-1742) was born at Hyeres in this diocese. In 1905 (last year of the Concordat) the diocese numbered 320,384 inhabitants, 28 parishes, 142 succursal parishes, and 07 vicariates paid by the State. Before the enforcement of the law against the congre- gations in 1901 there were in the diocese communities of Trappists, Capvichins, Carthusians, 1 )ominic:ins.

Vaison; Valerius, Bishop of Nice; Maximus, Bishop Marists, Salesians,andSulpicians. An important dio-

of Riez; Veranus and Lambertus, Bishops of Vence; cesan congregation founded in 1838, for teaching and

Vincent of Li'^rins, author of the "Commonitorium", hospital work, was that of Notre-Dame de la Mis(';ri-

an<l his brother Lupus, Bishop of Troyes; Agricola, corde, the mother-lunise of which was at Draguignan.

Bishop of Avignon; Aigulphus and Porcarius, mar- Before the law of 1901 the religious congrogatioiispos-

tyrs. St. Tropesius, martyr during the persecution of sessed in the diocese 2 foundling asyhinis, 36 ilay

Nero; St. Loui.s (1274-1297), a native of Brignoles, nurseries, a seaside hospital for sick cliildrcti, 2