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 FOGARAS

123

FOILLAN

the situation gave rise to acrimonious discussion. Father Floyd's works were "An Apology of the Holy Sea Apostolick's Proceedings for the Government of the Catholicks of England during the time of persecu- tion"(Rouen, 1030; enlarged Lat. ed., Cologne, 1631); and " Hermanni Lcemelii Antverpiensis Spongia qua diluuntur Calumniae nomine facultatis Parisiensis im- positff libro qui inscribitur Apologia", etc. (St-Omer, 1631). Both these works were condemned by the Sorbonne, and in 1633 Urban VIII stopped the con- troversy and suppressed all writings upon the subject. His other works are: "A Paire of Spectacles for Sir Humphrey Linde to see his way withall" (1631); "The Church Conquerant over Human Wit" (1638); "The Totall Sumra" (16.38); "The Imposture of Puri- tan Piety" (1638). He left two unpublished works, " Vita Brunehildis Francorum Reginie" and a "Trea- tise on Holy Pictures". Father Floyd spent the last years of his life teaching philosophy and theology at St. Omer's.

DODD, Church History (Brussels. 1739-1742), III, 105; de Backer, Bibl. des icrivains de la c. de J. (1869), I, 1888; Knox, Douay Diaries (London, 1878); Foley, Records Eng. Prov. S. J. (London, 1878, 1880, 1882), IV. 238, where he mistakes a date in Douay Diary and states that Floyd was sent to Rome in 1593 instead of 1590; VI, 185; VII, 268; Gillow, Bibl. Diet. Eng. Catli., s. v.; Cooper in Diet. Nat. Biog., s. v., who repeats

Foley's mistake.

Edwin Burton.

Fogaras, Archdiocese of (Fogarasiensis), Hun- gary, of the Greek-Rumanian Rite. It has three suf- fragan sees, Grosswardein (Nagy Vdrad), Lugos, and Szamos Ujvdr (Armenopolis). Since 1733 the resi- dence has been at Balaszfalva (Blaj, Blasendorf). The Diocese of Fogaras was erected in 1721, suffragan to the Primate of Hungary (the Latin Archbishop of Gran). In 1853 Pius IX re-established the arch- bishopric of Alba Julia (Weissenburg, Karlsburg), an ancient metropolitan title, and united it with the See of Fogaras. Since that time the head of the Greek- Rumanian Church bears the title of Archbishop of Fogaras and Alba Julia. Since 1697 (Synod of Karls- burg), when these Rumanians returned to Catholic unity, there have been eleven Catholic titulars of Alba Julia or Fogaras.

The city of Fogaras (6000 inhabitants) (in Ger- man Fagreschmarkt) is built on the Aluta. Its fort^ ress played an important part in all the wars with the Turks. In 1849 the Hungarians were defeated here by the Russians. Balaszfalva, the residence of the archbishop, has also about 6000 inhabitants. Here, in ISIS, the Rumanians protested against political union with Hungary. The archdiocese numbers 440,000 Rumanian Catholics. There are 720 priests, nearly all married, 705 parishes, as many churches, and several chapels. The preparatory and theological seminaries are at Blaj, also a college and a printing establishment, where the weekly journal "Unirea" has been published since 1S90. The diocesan schools for boys and girls are attended by 60,000 pupils. There are 3 gymnasia for boys or girls, and several convents.

Nilles, SyrribolcE ad illiistrandam hietoriam Ecclesice orientalis in terris Corona: S. Stephani (Innsbruck, 1885), passim; Scma- tismid. . . de .ilba Julia si Figaros (Baliszfalva, 19CI0); JV/m- siotles catholica; (Rome, 1907), 785-86.

S. Vailhe. Fogarty, Michael. See Killaloe, Diocese of.

Foggia, Diocese of (Fodiana), in the province of the same name in Apulia (Southern Italy). The city is in the heart of a rich agricultural centre, in a vast plain between the rivers Cervaro and Celone. It grew up about the church of the Madonna dei Sette Veil, to- day the cathedral, built in 1072 by Robert Guiscard. Foggia is so named from the swampy character of the territory, foi/a or foqia signifying " marsh ". It later became the capital of the district known as the Capi- tanata. Frederick II built an imperial fortress there.

In 1254 Manfred defeated there Pope Innocent IV, though in the same place, in 1266, he himself submitted to Charles of Anjou, who in 1268 destroyed the city for taking part with the unfortunate Conradino. In 1781 a severe earthquake greatly damaged the city. Fog- gia formed part of the Diocese of Troia until 1855, when it was made a diocese by Pius IX, comprising territory of the Dioceses of Siponto and Manfredonia. The first bishop was Bernardino M. Frascolla. Situ- ated so near the ancient city of Arpi, which had a bishop, Pardus, as early as 314, the Bishops of Troia may be considered as successors of the Bishops of Arpi. In 1907 Foggia was united teque principalitcr with Troia. It is immediately sul)ject to the Holy See. The cathedral, a remarkaljle architectural monument, has been often restored and enlarged; it contains the mausoleum of the Princes of Durazzo. Worthy of mention is the church of the Crosses, which is ap- proached through a series of chapels. Foggia has 9 parishes, 81,000 inhabitants, 2 male and 8 female edu- cational institutions, 3 religious houses of men, and 9 of women.

Cappelletti, Le Chirse d' Italia (Venice. 18441, XXI; An- nuario Eccl. (Rome, 1908). U. Benigni.

Foillan (Irish Faelan, Faolan, Foelan, Foa- lan), Saint, represented in iconography with a crown at his feet to show that he despised the honours of the world. He was born in Ireland early in the seventh century and was the brother of Saints Ultan and Fursey, the latter a famous missionary who preached the Faith to the Irish, the Anglo-Saxons, and the Franks. Foillan, probably in company with Ultan, went with his brother Fursey when the latter, fleeing from his country then devastated by foreign invaders, retired to a lonely island. Fursey soon went among the Anglo-Saxons and built a monastery at Burgh Castle (Cnoberesburg) in Suffolk, between 634 and 650.

Seized again with the desire for solitude, Fursey left the monastery in the care of Foillan, who remained at the head of the community, and had the happiness of once more seeing his brother Fursey, who, having since gone to the kingdom of the Franks, came to visit him about 650. Soon a disastrous war broke out be- tween Penda, the Mercian chief, and Ana, King of the Eastern Anglo-Saxons. Ana having been put to flight, the monastery of Cnoberesburg fell into the hands of the enemies. It was pillaged, and its superior, Foillan, barely escaped death. He hastened to ransom the captive monks, recovered the relics, put the holy books and objects of veneration on board ship, and departed for the country of the Franks, where his brother Fursey was buried. He and his companions were well received at Peronne by Erconwald, Mayor of the Palace. But soon, for some unknown reason, Foillan and his companions left Peronne and went to Nivelles, a monastery founded by St. Ita and St. Gertrude, wife and daughter of Duke Pepin I.

Foillan, like so many other Irishmen who went to the Continent in the seventh century, was invested with episcopal dignity, having doubtless been a mon- astic bishop at Cnoberesburg. He was therefore of great assistance in the organization of worship, and the holy books and relics which he brought were great treasures for St. Ita and St. Gertrude. As the monas- tery of Nivelles was imder Irish discipline, the com- panions of Foillan were well received and lived side by side with the holy women, occupying themselves with the details of worship under the general direction of the abbess. Through the liberality of Ita, Foillan was enabled to build a monastery at Fosses, not far from Nivelles, in the province of Namur. After the death of Ita in 652, Foillan came one day to Nivelles and sang Mass, on the eve of the feast of St-Quentin. The ceremony being finished, he resimied his journey, doubtless undertaken in the interests of his monastery.