Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 5.djvu/822

 FABER

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FABIAN

under the presidency of Peter Canisius, who succeeded him later in the pulpit of Augsburg. In the following year he returned again to Augsburg, where he died. Faber was a man of vast theological erudition. His zeal to stem the tide of heresy and the invincible cour- age he evinced in exposing the prevailing errors brought him into conflict with many heretical leaders. He is the author of a number of excellent works, in- cluding the following: (1) " Quod fides esse possit_sme caritate, expositio pia et catholica" (Augsburg, lo4S) , (2) "Testimonium Scripturse et Patrum B. Petrum apostolum Roma; fuisse" (Antwerp, lo53); ii) "Grundliche und christliche Anzeigvingen aus der heiligen Schrift und heiligen Kirchenlehrern was die evangelische Messe sei" (Dillingen, 1558); (4) " En- chiridion Bibliorum concionatori m popularibus decla- mationibus utile" (Cologne, 156S); (5) "Precationes Christiana? ex sacris litteris et D. Augustmo smgulano studio concinnatse et selectfe" (Cologne, 1586).

Ql-ETIF AND ECHXRD, Scriplorcs Ovd. PrmL.U. 161; HcRTER, Xomcnrlalor. 3d ed., II, 1431 ; Pavlus. D>c,k urachal nomtm- kaner im Kampfegegen Luther (Freiburg, 1903). 232-266.

Joseph Schroeder.

Faber, Johann ArGrsT.\Nr.s, theologian, b. at Fri- bourg Switzerland, c. 1470; d. about 1531. Heentered the Dominican Order, probably at Augsburg, Ger- many, where he passed the greater part of his re- ligious life, whence his name Augustanus. He ob- tained the degrees of Master and Doctor of Divinity, was made (1511) Vicar General of the Dominican C on- gret'atioQ of Upper Germany, and for twenty years fille'd the office of prior in the Augsburg C"c|ii^'<;'it; He rebuilt (1512-1515) the Dominican church in that city for which some of the funds were obtained through the preaching of a jubilee permitted by Leo X and also, after a prohibition, by the Emperor Maxi- milian I Maximilian made him court preacher and royal counsellor. On the recommendation of Eras- mils with whom he was very friendly, he was again appointed to these offices by Maximilian's successor, Charles V. S^^npathizing with the Lutherans in their revival of" classical learning, he advocated a plan for the treatment of Luther and his followers that the ecclesiastical superiors could not accept. Uhen he withdrew this, and broke away from the humamsts, he received the abuse of Luther, and also of his former supporter Erasmus, who had already been provoked by his censure, published anon\-mously, for adhering to the new errors. The accusation made by Erasmus, that Faber had calumniated him to Cardinal Cajetan has not been proved.

QcrxiF AND EcHARD. Srripl. Ord. Prml..U. 80: Paclus Oie dmlschen Dominikaner in Kampfegegen Luther (Freiburg, 1903), 292-313. . T i>r ^r

Arthur L. McJI-ahgn.

Faber, M.^tthi.^^s, wTiter and preacher, b. at Alto- miinster, Germany, 24 Feb., 1586; d. at TjTnau, 26 \pril 1653. He embraced the ecclesiastical state, be- came'cure of the parish of St. Maurice at Ingoldstadt, and was a professor at the University of that city. His sermons had already won for him a reputation as a sacred orator when he entered the Society of Jesus at Vienna. He was then fifty years old. The sermons which he has left are remarkable for soundness of doc- trine, and learning. He is even more a controver- sialist than an orator in the ordinary sense of the word. His object in preaching was, before everj'- thing, either to convert heretics, or to safeguard Catholics from the false doctrines of the Reformation. According to the custom of the times he made exces- sive use of Scriptural texts, which crowd his instruc- tive sermons and render the reading of them difficult. They arc all wTitten in Latin, and have been pubhshed in many eilitions.

SnMMERVoGEi., BM. de la c. de J. (Brussels, 1891), III, Fabek, Concionum Opus, preface.

Louis Lalande.

See LEFEsyRE d'Etaples,

Faber, Peter. See Peter Faber, Saint.

Faber (Fabri), Philip, theologian, philosopher, and noted commentator of Duns Scotus; b. in 1564, at Spinata di Brisighella, district of Faenza, Italy, and d at Padua, 28 Aug., 1630. In 1582 he entered the Order of St. Francis (Conventuals), at Cremona. \fter completing his studies, he taught in various monastic schools till he was appointed professor of philosophy in 1603, and in 1606 professor of theology, at the University of Padua, where he was highly suc- cessful as a lecturer. In 1625 he was elected pro- vincial of the order, and he again took up his work as professor, expounding the teachings of Duns Scotus with ability and judgment, and abandoning the super- lative style of othe> commentators. His most im- portant works are: " Philosophia naturahs Scoti in theoremata distributa" (Parma, 1601, revised at Venice, 1606, 1616, 1622, and at Paris, 1622). "Com- mentaria in quatuor lilsros sententiarum Duns Scoti (Venice, 1613; 3rd ed. Paris, 1622); " De Prsdestina- tione" (Venice, 1623), a complement to the first book of the " Sentences " ; " De restitutione, et extrema unc- tione" (Venice, 1624), an addition to the fourth book of the Sentences; " A treatise ' de Sacramento (Jrdinis, pcenis et censuris ecclesiasticis ' " (\ enice, 162S). His work " De Primatu Petri et Romani Pontificis and his "Commentaries on the Metaphysics of Aristotle were published, after Faber's death, by his friend Matthew Ferchius, O.F.M., who prefaced the "Com- mentaries", with a biography of the author.

Fr.»vch!ni, Bihliosofia e memorie MIerane diSmtlon Fran- celeani Conventuali (Modena, 169SK 204-218; Wadding Scrtp Ord Min. (Rome, 1906), 196; Sbaralea, Supplementum ad Scriplorcs (Rome. 1806). p. 617.

'^ Michael Bihl.

Faber Stapulensis.

J.\CQUES.

Fabian (Fabi.^nus), Saint, Pope, 236-250, the ex- traordinary circumstances of whose election is related by Eusebius (Hist. Eccl., VI, 29). After the death of \nterus he had come to Rome, with some others, Irom his farm and was in the city when the new election began. While the names of several illustrious and noble persons were being considered, a dove suddenly descended upon the head of Fabian, of whom no one had even thought. To the assembled brethren the sight recalled the Gospel scene of the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Saviour of mankind, and so, divinely inspired, as it were, they chose Fabian with joyous unanimity and placed him m the_ Chair of Peter. During his reign of fourteen years there was a lull in the storm of persecution. Little is known of his pontificate. The " Liber Pontificalis " says that he divided Rome into seven districts, each supervised by a deacon, and appointed seven subdeacons, to_collect, in conjunction with other notaries, the "acta of the martyrs, i. e. the reports of the court-proceechngs on the occasion of their trials (cf. Eus.. VI. 43). There is a tradition that he instituted the four minor orders. Under him considerable work was done in the cata- combs. He caused the body of Pope St. Pontianus to be exhumed, in Sardinia, and transferred to the catacomb of St. Callistus at Rome. Later accounts, more or less trustworthy, attribute to him the con- secration (245) of seven bishops as missionaries to Gaul, among them St. Denys of Paris (Greg, of Tours, Hist. Francor., I, 28, 31). St. C>T"an mentions (Ep., 59) the condemnation by Fabian for heresy of a cer- tain Privatus (Bishop of Lamba-sa) m .\frica. Ihe famous Origcn did not hesitate to defend before I'a- bian, the orthodoxy of his teaching (Eus. Hist. Eccl., VI 34). Fabian died a martyr (20 Jan., 2o0) at the beginning of the Decian persecution, and was buried in the Cvypi of the Popes in the catacomb of ht. (. alhs- tus where in recent times (1850) De Rossi discovered hisGreckepitaph(RomaSotterraneaII,59): Fabian,