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ENNODIUS

Various Years (6): Thomas Gabyt, O. Cist., 1575; William Harabledon p., 1585; Roger Martin p., 1592; Christopher Dixon, O.S.A., 1616; James Laburne, 1583; Kdward Arden, 158-1.

(2) Marti/rs in Chains. — Bishops (2): Richard Creagh, Archbishop of Armagh, in Tower of London; Thomas Watson, Bishop of Lincoln, in Wisbeach Castle. Priests in London Prisons (18): Austin Ab- bot, Richard Adams, Thomas Belser, John Boxall, D.D., James Brushford, Edmund Cannon, William Chedsey, D.D., Henry Cole, D.D., Anthony Draycott,

D.D., Andrew Fryer, Gretus, Richard Hatton,

Nicholas Ilarpsfield, Harrison, Francis Quashet,

Thomas Slythurst, William Wood, John Young, D.D. Lajinen in London Prisons (35): Alexander Bales, Richard Bolbet, Sandra Cubley, Thomas Cosen, Mrs. Cosen, Hugh Dutton, Edward Ellis, Gabriel Empring- ham, John Fitzherbert, Sir Thomas Fitzherbert, John

Frier, Anthony Fugatio (Portuguese), Glynne,

David Gwynne, John Hammond (alias Jackson), Richard Hart, Robert Holland, John Lander, Anne Lander, Peter Lawson, Widow Lingon, Philippa

Lowe, May, John Molineux, Henry Percy, Earl

of Northumberland, Richard Reynolds, Edmund Sex- ton, Robert Shelley, Thomas Somerset, Francis Spen- cer, John Thomas, Peter Tichbourne, William Trav- ers. Sir Edward Waldegrave, Richard Weston. Priests in York (12) : John Ackridge, WUliara Baldwin, William Bannersley, Tliomas Bedal, Richard Bowes, Henry Comberford, James Gerard, Nicholas Grene, Thomas Harwood, John Pearson, Thomas Ridall, James Swarbrick. Laj'men in York (31): Anthony Ash, Thomas Blenkinsop, Stephen Branton, Lucy Budge, John Chalmar, Isabel Chalmer, John Con- stable, Ralph Cowling, John Eldersha, Isabel Foster,

Foster, Agnes Fuister, Thomas Horsley, Stephen

Hemsworth, Mary Hutton, Agnes Johnson, Thomas

Layne, Thomas Luke, Alice Oldcorne, Reynold,

• Robinson, John Stable, Mrs. Margaret Stable,

Geoffrey Stephenson, Thomas Vavasour, Mrs. Dorothy Vavasour, JIargaret ^\'ebster, Frances Webster, Christopher Watson, Hercules Welbourne, Alice Wil- liamson. In Various Prisons: Benedictines (11): James Brown, Richard Coppinger, Robert Edmonds, John Feckenham, Laurence Mabbs, William Middle- ton, Placid Peto, Thomas Preston, Boniface Wilford, Thomas Rede, Sister Isabel Whitehead. Brigittine: Thomas Brownel (lay brother). Cistercians (2) : John Almond, Thomas Mudde. Dominican: David Joseph Kemys. Franciscans: Thomas Ackridge, Paul At- kinson, q. V. (the last of the confessors in chains, died in Hurst Castle, after thirty years' imprisonment, 15 October, 1729), Laurence Collier, Walter Coleman, Germain Holmes. Jesuits (12): Matthew Brazier (alias Grimes), Humphrey Browne, Thomas Foster, William Harcourt, John Hudd, Cuthbert Prescott, Ignatius Price, Charles Pritchard, Francis Simeon, Nicholas Tempest, John Thompson, Charles Thurslej'. Priests (4): William Baldwin, James Gerard, John Pearson, James Swarbrick. Laymen (22): Thurstam Arrowsmith, Humphrey Beresford, William Bred- stock, James Clajion, William Deeg, Ursula Foster,

Green, William Griffith, William Heath, Richard

Hocknell, John Jessop, Richard Kitchin, William

Knowles, Thomas Lynch, William Maxfield,

Morecock, Alice Paulin, Edmund Rookwood, Richard Spencer, Tremaine, Edmimd Vyse, Jane Vyse.

V. The Eleven Bishops. — Since the process of the Prtrtermisxi has been held, strong reasons have been shown for including on our list of sufferers, whose causes ought to be considered, the eleven bishops whom Queen Elizabeth deprived and left to die in prison, as Bonner, or under some form of confinement. Their names are: Cuthbert Tunstall, b. Durham, died 18 Nov., 15,59; Ralph Bayle, b. Lichfield, d. 18 Nov., 15.59; Owen Oglethorpe, b. Carlisle, d. 31 Dec, 1559; John Whit«, b Winchester, d. 12 Jan., 1500;

Richard Pate, b. Worcester, d. 23 Nov., 1565; David Poole, b. Peterborough, d. May, 1568; Edmund Bonner, b. London, d. 5 Sept., 1569; Gilbert Bourne, b.Bath and Wells, d. 10 Sept., 1569; Thomas Thirlby, b. Ely., d. 26 Aug., 1570; James Turber- ville, b. Exeter, d. 1 Nov., 1570; Nicholas Heath, Archbishop of York, d. Dec, 1578.

Lives of the English Martyrs, ed. Camm (2 vols., London, 1904), covering the lives of the Beati; the other lives are now in course of preparation; Challoner, Missionary Priests (Lon- don, 1S7S); GiLLOw, Bibl. Diet. Ena. Cath.; Pollen, Acts of English Martyrs (1891); Id.. English Martyrs (1584-1603). in Cath. Rec. .Soc, Vol. V (1908); Stanton, Menology for Eng- land (London, 1892); Dodd, Chureh History (London, 1839- 43); Philllps, Extinction of the Ancient Hierarchy (London, 1906).

J. H. Pollen.

English Ladies. See Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mart.

English Versions of the Bible. See Versions of THE Bible.

Enniscorthy. See Ferns, Diocese of.

Ennodius, M.^gnds Felix, rhetorician and bishop, b. probably at Aries, in Southern Gaul, in 47-1; d. at Pavia, Italy, 17 July, 521. When quite young he went to Pavia, where he was educated, was betrothed, and eventually became a priest, his fiancee at the same time becoming a nun. It does not appear certain that he ever married. Shortly after the death of his benefactor, Epiphanius (496), he received minor orders at Milan, attracted thither no doubt by his uncle Lau- rentius, bishop of that city. Soon he was ordained deacon and taught in the schools. About this time (498) two popes were elected simultaneously, the dea- con Symmachus and the archpriest Laurentius. Iving Theodoric was in favour of the former, and convened a council at Rome in 501, the famous Sjinodus Palmaris, to settle this question and put an end to much scandal. On this occasion Ennodius acted as secretary to Lau- rentius of Milan, who was the first to sign the decrees of the council. The adherents of the archpriest Lau- rentius, who was rejected by the council, wrote against the decisions of the latter. Ennodius answered them and defended the synod in a still extant work entitled "Libellus adversus eos qui contra synodum scribere pra-sumpserunt ". After referring to the objections urged against the incompetency and irregularity of the council, he attacks the enemies of Sjanmachus and proclaims the inability of human judges to decide mat- ters pertaining to popes: "God no doubt consented to the affairs of men being settled by men; He reserved to Himself the passing of judgment upon the pontiff of the supreme see" (Libellus, §93). In 513 Enno- dius was stiU at Milan, but shortly afterwards he was made Bishop of Pavia. In 515 and 517 he headed two successive embassies which Pope Hormisdas sent to Emperor Anastasius at Constantinople, both of which, however, were barren of results. The unrelenting enmity of the emperor endangered the lives of the en- voys in 517. Of the remaining years of his episcopate nothing is known. His epitaph, found by accident, gives the date of his death.

The works of Ennodius comprise poems for special occasions and epigrams, particularly inscriptions for churches or other religious monuments. His defence of the synod of 502, often known as "Libellus pro Synodo", his autobiography (Eucharist icum), his panegyric on King Theodoric, and the biographies of his predecessor Epiphanius of Milan, and a monk, Antonius of Lerins, are interesting from an historical point of view; the first four especially. As much can be said of his numerous letters, addressed to various correspondents. Notwitlistanding their verbosity, they contain much useful information concerning the addressees and the customs of the time. Ennodius is the last representative of the ancient schools of rhet- oric. His "Parajncsis didascalica" (511) celebrates