Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 4.djvu/705

 DANIEL

627

DANSARA

lasting fame. This work in seventeen volumes was the fruit of his ripest years and was the most complete and accurate history of France that had t lien appeared (1713). It is still valuable, though oviTsliadowcd by more recent works. It went thnnieh nuniy r(htions, and an abridgment of it in eight volumes made by the author was tran.slated into Cierman, English, and Italian. Besides this, a valuable work from original sources, the "Histoire de la milice frangaise", con- tributed much to Daniel's reputation as a scholarly historian. The best edition of his great history is that of Paris (1755-60), in seventeen quarto volumes. SoMMERVOQEL. BM. de la c. de J., II, 1795-1815; IX, 170; De Backer, Bib!, des ecrivains de la c. de J., I, 241-249; VII. 225; HuRTER, Xomendator, II, 1042, and pa.«*sim.

John F. X. Murphy.

Daniel, John, b. 1745; d. in Paris, 3 October, 1823; son of Edward Daniel of Durton, Lancashire, and greats nephew of the Rev. HughTootell, better known as Dodd the historian. He was educated first at Dame .-Vlice's School, Fernyhalgh, and then at Douai, where he was ordained priest and made professor of philosophy (1778) and afterwards of theology. When the presi- dent, Edward Kitchen, alarmed by the t rench Revo- lution, resigned his office in 1792, Daniel was appointed president, and was soon after, with his professors and students, taken prisoner and confined first at Arras and then at Dourlens. They were taken back, 27 Nov.,

1794, to the Irish College at Douai and in February,

1795, were allowed to return to England. It is usu- ally stated that Mr. Daniel was then appointed presi- dent of the college at Crook Hall (since removed to Ushaw), but this is difficult to reconcile with contem- porary docmnents in the Westminster diocesan archives ; he did not in fact take up residence at Crook Hall, but retired to Lancashire till 1802, when he went to Paris in order to recover the property of Douai Col- lege and other British establishments. After 1815 compensation amounting to half a million pounds was paid by the French Government, but the Engli.sh Government confiscated this money, neither returning it to France nor allowing the English Catholics to re- ceive it. Mr. Daniel was the last de jacto president of Douai, though the Rev. Francis Tuite was appointed titular president, to succeed him in prosecuting the claims. Mr. Daniel wrote an " Ecclesiastical History of the Britons and Saxons" (London, 1S15, 1824).

Narrative of the Seizure of Douay f '' I m ( >'^:>!tr Magazine (1834), I; GiLLOW, Bibl. Diet. En„ ■ I, '...n. 1885), II;

Cooper in Diet. Nat. Biog. (London. r~ ■ - ■ I \ m.rely abbre- viating Gillow; Kirk, Bingraphie.^ "I I ;i '.,.:< '. nlitry Cath- olics (London, 1908); Macmillan's Mnanzim. XLI, 245; also several unpubli.shed manuscript sources in Westminster Dio- cesan Archives and Ushaw College Archives.

Edwin Burton.

Daniel and Companions, Saint, Friars Minor and martyrs; dates of birth unknown; d. 10 October, 1227. The martyrdom of St. Berard and his com- panions in 1219 had inflamed many of the religious of the Order of Friars Minor with the desire of preaching the Gospel in heathen lands; and in 1227, the year following St. Francis's death, six religious of Tuscany, Agnellus, Samuel, Donulus, I_/CO, Hugolinus, and Nicholas, petitioned Brother Eli.is of Cortona, then vicar-general of the order, for permission to preach the Grxspel to the infidels of Morocco. The six missionaries went first to Spain, where they were joined by Daniel, Minister Provincial of Calabria, who be- came their superior. They set sail from Spain and on 20 September reached the coast of .\fric.i, where they remained for a few days in a small village inhab- ited mostly by Christian merchants just beyond the; walls of the Saracen city of Ceuta. Finally, very early on Sunday morning, they entered the city, and imme- diately began to preach the Gospel and to denounce the religion of Mahomet. They were soon appre- hended and brought before the sultan who, thinking that they were mail, ordered them to be cast into

prison. Here they remained until the following Sun- day when they were again brought before the sultan, who, by promises and threats, endeavoured in vain to make them deny the Christian religion. They were all condemned to death. Each one approached Daniel, tlie .siipciior, to ask his blessing and permis- sion to die for Clirist. They were all beheaded. St. Daniel and his companions were canonized by Leo X in 151G. Their feast is kept in the order on the thirteenth of October.

W.^DDI^.•o, Annah'H Minorum (Rome, 1732), II, 25-30; Acta SS., October, VI, 384-392; Passio sanctorum fratrum Danielitt, etc. in Analecta Franciscana (Quaracchi 1897). Ill, 613-616; Lko, Lives of the Saints and Blessed of the Three Orders of St. Francis (Taunton, 1SS6), III, 295-299.

Stephen M. Donovan.

Daniel of Winchester (Danihel), Bishop of the West Saxons; and ruler of the See of Winchester from 705 to 744 ; died in 745. The prominent position which he held among the English clergy of his time can best be appreciated from the fact that he was the inti- mate friend of St. Aldhelm at Sherborne, of the Ven- erable Bede at Jarrow and of St. Boniface in Germany. Daniel was consecrated to succeed Bishop Hedda of Wessex whose vast diocese was then broken up. Dorsetshire, Wiltshire, Somerset, and Berkshire be- came the see of Sherborne under St. Aldhelm, while Daniel retained only Hampshire, Surrey, and Sussex, and of these Sussex soon after was constituted a sep- arate diocese. Daniel like Aldhelm (q. v.) had been educated under the Irish scholar Maildubh at Malmes- bury and it was to Malraesbury that he retired in his old age when loss of sight compelled him to resign the bishopric. There, no doubt, he had also learnt the scholarship for which he was famous among his con- temporaries and which made Bede turn to him as the man best able to supply information regarding the church history of the south and west of Britain. Daniel, however, is best remembered for his intimate connexion with St. Boniface. It was from Daniel that the latter received commendatory letters when he started for Rome, and to Daniel he continually turned for counsel during his missionary labours in Germany. Two letters of the Bishop of Winchester to Boniface are preserved (see Haddan and Stubbs, "Councils", III, 304 and 343) and give an admirable impression of his piety and good sense. In the second of these epistles, which was written after his loss of sight, Daniel takes a touching farewell of his corre- spondent: "Farewell, farewell, thou hundredfold dearest one." Daniel had made a pilgrimage to Rome in 721 and in 731 assisted at the consecration of Arch- bishop Tatwine. He seems never to have been hon- oured as a saint. A vision recorded in "Monumenta Moguntina", No. 112, perhaps implies that he was considered to be lacking in energy; none the less it would follow from William of Malmesbury's reference (Gest. Pont., I, 357) to a certain stream in which Daniel used to stand the whole night long to cool his passions, that he was a man of remarkable austerity.

Sti'Bbs in Di'c(. Christ. Biog, s. v.; Venables in Diet. Nat. Bing., s. v.; Plummku cd.. Heiu:. Opera //M/on'ca. especially Vol. 11,307-308; BRl.nii I /-.,'-, .:i:,lii:n.i.Ch.Hist.,424,425.

The ma(eri.als of :iii i li. n,i; i I c drawn mainly from

Bede. William of MV IM n.c of Worcester. The

correspondence wit 1 1 l;,.iit! . . I, i Ic.h most recently edited in the first volume of Kpi.'.lohr in llie .Miminnenta Germanite His- iorica. See also Chevalier, Bio-bibliographie.

Herbert Thurston.

Daniel the Styhte. See Stylites.

Dansara, a titular see in Osrhoene. Stephanus By- zantius mentions Dansara as a town near Edessa (Orfa). Procopius (De xdif., II, 6) says it was one of the castles around Theodosiopolis (Rhssina), which were fortified by Justinian. Dansara, probably at the same time, became an episcopal see suffragan to Edessa, for it figures in the"Notitiaepiscopatuum"of