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COTRONE

similar. A third district was perliaps also called Banaba or Manaua; for in 680 Cosmas appears as Bishop of "Kotenna and Manaua".

Ramsay, Hist. Geogr. of Asia Minor (London, 1890), 418; Lequien, Orient christianus, X, 1009. g, Petrides

Cotiaeum, a titular see of Asia Minor. Kotiaion, according to its coins, better Cotyaion, the city of Cotys, was an ancient city of Phrygia Salutaris. ^sop is said to have been born there. It was a cen- tre of heresy from the second century onwards. Soc- rates (IV, xxv-iii) speaks of its Novatian bishop. At first a simple suffragan of Synnada, it became an autocephalous archbishopric, probably in the eighth century, and about the tenth appears as a metropolis with tliree suffragan sees, which were later increased to thirteen (?). Lequien (I, 851) mentions ten bish- ops, the last in the fourteenth century. The first is Cyrus, sent thither by Theodosius II, after four bish- ops had been slain by the inhabitants. The town preserves some ancient ruins, a Byzantine castle and church. It was taken and plundered by Timur-Leng (Tamerlane) in 1402. It is now the chief town of a sanjak in the vilayet of Brusa, and is called by the Turks Kutaya. It has about 22,000 inhabitants, in- cluding 4000 Greeks, 2300 Armenians, 700 Cathohc Armenians, and a few Latins; it contains two schools. It is also the see of a non-Catholic Armenian bishop. During late centuries Kutaya has been renowned for its Turkish earthenware, of which fine specimens may be seen at the Imperial Museum in Constantinople.

CuiNET, Turquie dAsie. IV, 201-205; Ramsay, Asia Minor, 144, 436; Idem, Early Christian Monuments in Phrygia, in The Expositor (1888, 1889); Idem, Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia, passim. g. Petrides.

Coton, Pierre, a celebrated French Jesuit, b. 7 March, 1564, at Neronde in Forez; d. 19 March, 1626, at Paris. He studied law at Paris and Bourges, entered the Soci- ety of Jesus at the age of twenty- five, and was sent to Milan to study philosophy. Here he became ac- quainted with St. Charles Bor- romeo. On his return to liis na- tive country he preached with re- markable success at Hoaiuie, Avi- gnon, Nimes, Gre- noble, and Mar- seilles. An ac- quaintance with Henry IV of France soon ri- pened into friend- ship, and the Archbishopric of Aries being vacant, the king offered it to Father Coton, who refused the lionour. The king having recalled the exiled Jesuits to France, their enemies could not pardon the influence Father Coton had in bringing this about, and an attempt was made to assassinate him. Some writers liave pretended that Father Coton was not alinve suspicion on the doctrine of regicide, and when lleni-y IV was assassi- nated, they accu.scd Father Coton of defending Ka- vaillac, the king's murderer. But if his enemies at court had any knowledge that he held such views thoy failed lo'make it public.

I'allicr Coton had for two j'ears previous to the death of Ilciirj- been confessor to his son, the young Dauphin. Ill 1(I0 llie Kiting .satire ".'Viiti-Cotoinori est prouvcS (jue Ks .h'suilcs sont coupablcs du parri- cide d'Hcnri IV " was followed by many pamphlets

for and against the Society. It was an easy task foi Father Coton to defend himself against these calum nies and produce proofs of his innocence, but ver; ji difficult for the author of the Ubel, who was said t' | be Pierre Dumouhn, a Protestant minister of Charen ton, and an associate of the Calvinists, to substantial any statement that he had advanced. FatherCoton wa continued in Ids capacity as confessor to the new kini Louis XIII, which duty he discharged until 161^ when he left the court at the age of fifty-four an i withdrew to the novitiate at Lyons. He then trav ji_ ersed the provinces of the South as a missionary, an ifc went to Milan, Loreto, and Rome to fulfil the vow i the reigning king had made to the Blessed Virgin J, St. Charles, and St. Peter. He returned to Franc jL as provincial of the Society and preached at Paris ir iw the church of S. Ger\'aise, whither the king and th< whole court flocked to hear him. Just at this perioc a book published by Santarelh, an Itahan Jesuit who attributed to the pope the power of deposing kings who were guilty of certain crimes, and under such circumstances of absolving their subjects from their allegiance, was the object of severe attacks from the many enemies of the Society of Jesus ir France.

The doctrines which Santarelli expounded hac been unwisely accepted in the Middle Ages, and wen still further professed by the IHtramontane theo logians, although they had become impossible in prac rTi tice. This book, which in Italy was received in it; ^ true hght, was in Paris, under the rule of Riclielieu ^' construed into a provocation to regicide and rebellion jji These false wws were attributetl to every membe ■] of the Society, and the Parliament demanded that ai ■,■ Jesuits residing in France should be called upon t sign a protestation disavowing all the doctrines con j"?' tained in Santarelli's treatise. Father Coton was ill a a n the time, and the news conveyed to him aggravate ^ ,,' his condition. On his death-bed he was \'isited by a . .Ji envoy of Parliament, who informed him of the cor demnation pronounced against Santarelli and tb severe measures that threatened his brethren. Tb dying Jesuit murmured: "Is it possible that I wb have served so faithfully the Kings of France shoul be looked upon at last as guilty of treason and a di turber of the peace?" His " Institution catholique and "Geneve plagiaire" are controversial works,! also his ' ' Sacrifice de la Messe ". For his other worl see De Backer, 1st ed., II, p. 149.

RovERius, De Vila P. P.tri Cotoni (Lyons, 1660); D'O LEANS. La Vie du /'- /'i. . ( /"i; (Paris, 1688); Prat, Red" ches hist, et crit. - / -»s en France, du temps diA

Coton (Lyons, ls7ii ^..mm' i.\o(:el, Bibl. de la c. da J., 1539; B.N.,Th,./. ./, I h. r F„„ndationand History, I,Z', 328; Clemente, History of the Society of JesuSjl.

G. E. Kelly.

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Cotrone, Diocese of (Cotronexsis), a suffn of Reggio. Cotrone is a city of the province of tanzaro, in Calabria. Southern Italy, on the loni |y Sea. It is the ancient Croton, an .\chiBan coloi ■ founded c. 707 n. c, and long one of the most floi ishing cities of Magna Gra?cia. Its inliabitants we famous for their physical strength, and for the simf sobriety of their lives. It was the birthplace of Ml j,! , the famous athlete, and it was at Croton that ]wth8 k ' oras foundc<l his school. In 380 b. c. the city w taken by Dionysius the Elder of Syracuse and in 2 B. c. by .\gathocles. I.,ater it was pillaged liy T rhus. In tlic Second Pimic War it was seized Hannibal, but some time later became a Roman c ony. AI)o\it .\. n. 550, it w.as unsucce.s.sfully besie| by Totila, King of the (ioths, and at a later date came a ])art of the Byzantine Kmpire. About .S7t was taken and sacked by the Saracens, who put death the bishop and many petiple who had tal ujjj, - refuge iu the catlieilral. Later on it was conquei!;|^,j!,j by Normans;uul tlienceforth shared the fate of liingdom of Naples.

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