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 COLE

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COLERIDGE

ably, at least in part, from the pen of his advisers, Gaultier and Croz, who are moreover charged with the perversion of their m;uster. In 1702, one of his priests, the Oratorian Pouget, published, at his re- quest, the "Catecliisme de Montpellier " a remarka- ble book but tinctured with Jansenism and condemned by the Holy See, 1712 and 1721.

IV. — Michel Colbert (1633-1702), an ascetic writer and superior of the Premonstrants. His elec- tion was somewhat irregular and had to be validated by papal rescript. He is the author of " Lettres d'un Abb^ k ses religieux" and "Lettre de Consolation".

FisQUET, La France pontificate (Paris, s. d.) under the vari- ous dioceses referred to above; Gerin, Rerherdies sur Vassem- bUe du dergp de K,s:i (Pari.s, 1S69); Besoigne, Vie dcs Qualre i^veques engages dans la cause de Port-Royal (Cologne, 1756); Clement, Histoire de Colbert (Pari.s. 1875); Rapin, Memoires (Paris. 1S65); Jal. Dirt, critique (Paris, 1867); Gauchie in Rev. Hisl. Bed. (Louvain, 1903), III, 983; Wakeman, Europe (New York, 1905), 202.

J. F. SOLLIER.

Cole, Henry, confessor of the Faith, b. at Gods- hill, Isle of Wight, about 1500; d. in the Fleet Prison, February, 1579 or 1580. He was educated at Win- chester and New College, Oxford, admitted a per- petual fellow there (1523), received the degree of B.C.L. (1525), and then went to Italy for seven years, residing chiefly at Padua. During his career he was successively prebendary of Yatminster (1539), rector of Chelmsford, Essex, prebendary of Holborn, Sweting (1541), and Wenlakesbarn (1542), warden of New College (1542-51), and rector of Newton Longue- ville in Buckinghamshire. Created a D.C.L. at 0.xford (1540), he resigned his fellowship the same year. At first he conformed to the Protestant religion, but af- terwards saw his error, returned to the Catholic Faith about 1547, and eventually resigned all his prefer- ments. In Mary's reign he became Archdeacon of Ely, a canon of Westminster (1554), vicar-general of Cardinal Pole (1557), and a judge of the archiepisco- pal Court of Audience. He was one of the commis- sioners who restored Tunstal and Bonner to their bishoprics, a disputant against Cranmer, Ridley, and Latimer at Oxford (1554), a delegate for the visitation of Oxford (1556), and Visitor of .\11 Souls College in 1558, in which year he received the rectory of Wroth- am, and was sent to Ireland with a commission for the suppression of heresy there. Cardinal Pole ap- pointed Cole one of his executors. During Elizabctli's reign he remained true to the Catholic Faith and took jiart in the discussions begun at Westminster in 15.59. Then began his sufferings: first, he was fined .500 marks (.$1600), then dejjrived of all his preferments, committed to the Tower (20 May, 1560), and finally removed to the Fleet (10 Jime), where he remained for nearly twenty years, until his death. He wrote: letters to Dr. Starkey and Sir Richard Morj'sin from Padua, 1530, and Paris, 1537; "Disputation with Cranmer, Ridley and Latimer at Oxford", in Fox's "Acts and Monuments"; "Sum and effect of his sermon at Oxford when Archbishop Cranmer was burnt", in Fox's "Acts and Monuments"; "Answer to the first proposition of th(^ Protestants at the dis- putation before the Lords at Westminster, 1559", in Burnet's "Hist. Reform. Records"; "Copieof a Ser- mon at Panic's Crosse 1.50" (London, 1560); "Let- ters to John, Bishop of Sarura" (London, 1560); "Answers to certain parcels of the Letters of the Bishop of Sarum", in Jewel's works.

Wood. Athrnir Oxonienses, ed. Bubs (London, 1S13), I. ■150; Cooper. Alhenoe Cantabrigiense-i (Cambridge, 1S5S-61), I, 417; Habhdall, History of New College (London, 1901), 109, 110; DoDD. Church History of England, ed. Tierney (London, 1839-43), n, 136, 137, cl.xii, cccxvi; III. 159.

G. E. Hind.

Coleman, Edward. controversiali.st politician, and .secretarj- of the Duchess of York, date of birth un- known; executed at Tyburn, 3 December, 1678. He was IV.— 7

the son of a Suffolk clergyman, and, after a distin- guished career at Cambridge, became a Catholic and was employed by the Duchess of York. As her secre- tary he became acquainted with continental states- men from whom he sought pecuniary help when in difficulties. In 1675 he offered his services in favour of Catholicism to Pere La Chaise, the confessor of Louis XIV; again in 1676 he was in communication with Father Saint-Germain, offering his assistance to pre- vent a rupture between England and France. These attempts to procure money failed, but he succeeded later in obtaining £3500 from three successive French ambassadors whom he supplied with daily informa- tion regarding the proceedings of Parliament. He became a suspected character, and on the discovery of the Titus Oates Plot, conceived in 1678 for the ruin of the Duke of York whose Catholicity was suspected, Coleman was named as one of the conspirators. Con- scious of liis innocence he took no steps to protect himself, allowed liis papers to be seized, and gave Iiim- self up for examination. He was tried 28 Nov., 1678, being accused of corresponding with foreign powers for the subversion of the Protestant religion, and of consenting to a resolution to murder the king. His defence was that he had only endeavoured to procure liberty of conscience for Catholics constitutionally through Parliament, and had sought money abroad to further this object. He denied absolutely any complicity with the plot against the king's life. His foreign correspondence of 1675 and 1676, when ex- amined, proved him to be an intriguer, but contained nothing that could connect him in any w-ay with de- signs on the king's life. However, in spite of the flagrantly false testimony of Oates and Bedloe, he was found guilty, drawai to Tyburn, and there executed. He was a good Unguist, writer, and controversialist. His controversy with Drs. Stillingfleet and Burnet resulted in the conversion of Lady Tyrwhit to the Catholic religion. His writings were: "Reasons for Dissolving Parliament"; " Two Letters to M. La Chaise, the French King's Confessor" (London, 1678, re- printed in Cobbett's " Parliamentary History"); "The Tryal of Edward Coleman" etc. (London, 1678); "Legacies; a Poem", etc. (London, 1679).

LiNGARD, Hist, of England (ed. 1854), IX, 175, 177, 178, 191; GiLLOw, Bibl. Diet, of English Cath., s. v.

G. E. Hind.

Coleridge, Henry James, writer and preacher, b. 20 .September, 1822, in Devonshire, England; d. at Roehampton, 13 April, 1893. He was the son of Sir John Taylor Coleridge, a Judge of the King's Bench, and brother of John Duke, Lord Coleridge, Chief Ju.^tice of England. His grandfather, Captain James Coleridge, was brother to Samuel Taylor Cole- ridge, the poet and pliilosopher. He was sent to Eton at the age of thirteen, and thence to Oxford, having obtained a scholarship at Trinity College. His uni- versity career was distinguished; in 1S44 he took the highest honours in the classical schools, and was elected to a fellowship at Oriel, then the blue ribbon of the university. In 1848 he received Anglican orders. The Tractarian movement being then at its height, Coleridge, with many of his tutors and friends, joined its ranks and was an ardent disciple of Newman till his conversion. He was one of those who started "The Guardian" newspaper as the organ of the Higli Church party, being for a time its Oxford sub-editor. Gradually various incidents, the secession of Newman, Dr. Hampden's appointment as Regius Professor of Theologj', the condemnation and suspension of Dr. Pusey, the condemnation and deprivation of W. G. Ward, and the decision in the celebrated Gorham case, seriously shook his confidence in the Church of Eng- land. In consequence Dr. Hawkins, Provost of Oriel, declined to admit him as a college tutor, and he there- fore accepted a curacy at Alphington, a parish recently