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 CHICOUTIMI

658

CHIEREGATI

ter grammar school. Robert Sherburne (1508-1536) made some protest against the encroachments of Henry VIII, but being unable to withstand them effectually, resigned the see, and was succeeded by the schismatic Richard Sampson (1536-1543), who in 1538 destroyed the shrine of St. Richard at the king's command. The next bishop, George Day (1543-1557), though he had accepted schismatical institution from Henry VIII, yet proved a good Cath- olic, on which account he was imprisoned, and re- placed by John Scory. Bishop Day regained his see, however, in 1554. He was succeeded by John Chris- topherson (1557-1559), the last Catholic Bishop of Chichester. After him the notorious William Barlow inaugurated the line of Anglican prelates. There were in the diocese two archdeaconries, Chichester and Lewes, and, according to the valuation made in 1291, which remained the basis of all valuations until the reign of Henry VIII, there were nearly three hundred parishes. Battle Abbey and Lewes Priory were the chief monasteries, and all the chief orders were well represented. One consequence of Sussex being originally so largely in the hands of Norman proprietors was the existence of an unusually large number of small priories dependent on houses in Normandy, such as the Abbey of Fecamp. The bishop had ten episcopal manors, and the Arch- bishop of Canterbury held the collegiate church of South Mailing and twenty-five parishes. The arms of the see were azure, a Presbyter John sitting on a tombstone, in his left hand a book open, his right hand extended, or, with a linen mitre on his head, and in his mouth a sword, all proper.

Walcott, Early Statutes of Chichester Cathedral in Archvo- logia (1877), XLV, 143-244; Dugdale, Monasticon Anglic. (1846), VI. iii. 1159-71; Lk Neve, Fasti Eccl. Anglican* (1854), I, 235-85; Stephens. Memorials of Ike South Saxon See and Cathedral Church of Chichester (London, 1876); Idem, Diocesan History of Chichester (London, 1881); Corlette, Chichester: the Cathedral and See (London, 1901).

Edwin Burton.

Chicoutimi, Diocese of, created, 28 May, 1878, a part of the civil and the ecclesiastical Province of Quebec, which embraces the counties of Charlevoix, Chicoutimi, and Lac St.-Jean, and is situated in the north-eastern section of the Province of Quebec, north of the St. Lawrence River. Charlevoix county was settled by the French in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and Chicoutimi and Lac St.- Jean were founded in the middle of the nineteenth by the settlers from the valley of the St. Lawrence. This mountainous region contains the Saguenay River, the extensive lakes known as the St.-Jean and the Mistassini. Chicoutimi and Lac St.-Jean were centres of an extensive lumber trade earlier in the century; to-day they are better known for their agricultural development and the paper pulp. This vast region has communication with the West through the Canadian Northern Railway, with the interior of the continent and Europe through the Saguenay and the St. Lawrence Rivers. It was served by the Jesuit missionaries till the end of the eighteenth century; by the Oblates until the middle of the nineteenth; since then by secular priests. A small church built by the Jesuits in 1747 at Tad- ousac is still standing. The see is at Chicoutimi, a town of 7000 inhabitants, situated on the Saguenay. The diocesan seminary comprises a classical college with 200 pupils and the theological school with 28 students. The parishes have increased from 24 in 1878 to 55 in 1907. There are 105 secular and IS regular priests (Oblates, Trappists, Evidists). The Marist Brothers have 6 colleges, and the Brothers of St. Francis Regis an agricultural Orphan Asylum. There are 340 sisters of the following institutes: Hospitalieres, Ursulines, Good Shepherd, Congrega- tion of Notre Dame, Sisters of Charity, Sisters of the Holy Rosary, the Petites-Franciscaines Mis-

sionaires de Marie, Sisters of Good Council, Sisters of St. Anthony of Padua, Servants of the Blessed Sacrament. They have charge of an orphan asylum, 3 hospitals, 2 female schools of domestic economy. 7 convents, and many parochial schools. There are 15,000 children in the 310 parochial schools. The population of the diocese is about 65,000 inhabitants of French origin, who, with the exception of about fifty, are all Catholics. The first bishop was Mgr Dominique Racine, consecrated 4 Aug., 1878; d. 28 Jan., 1888. His successors have been Mgr L. N. Begin, consecrated 28 Oct., 1888; appointed Coadju- tor Archbishop of Quebec, 22 Dec, 1891 ; Mgr M. T. Labrecque, consecrated 22 May, 1892, and Admin- istrator of the Apostolic Prefecture of the Gulf of St. Lawrence from 1872 to 1903.

Rapports sur les Missions du diocise de Quebec (Quebec. 1839- 1874); Relations des Jesuit.es iQuebec, 1S5S); Himhd. /,'.! ,. .'. ,■ du Saiiuenui/ (Quebec. 1895); Idem. Labrador el Antir.^ti (Montreal, 1S97); he Canada Ecclesiastique (Montreal, 1908).

V. A. Huard.

Chieregati (Chieregato), Francesco, papal nuncio, b. at Vicenza, 1479; d. at Bologna, 6 Decem- ber, 1539. Little is known of his early career. He was sent by Leo X as papal nuncio to England (151 5 - 17), and also filled a similar office in Portugal and in Spain (1519), in which latter country he became ac- quainted with Cardinal Adrian Florent, Bishop of Tortosa, the Dutch preceptor of Charles VI, and later Pope Adrian VI. One of the latter's first acts, after his entry into Rome, was to make Chieregati, whose learning and virtue the pope esteemed, Bishop of Teramo in the Kingdom of Naples; he then sent him to the Diet of Nuremberg, called for the autumn of 1522. He was commissioned to obtain from t lie German princes a more energetic pursuit of the war against the Turks in Hungary, which nation was then and long after the bulwark of Christian Europe, also a more vigorous suppression of Lutheranism and the execution of the Edict of Worms against Luther. In two discourses (19 November and 10 December) he urged the princes to co-operate for the expulsion of the Turks from Christian Hungary; on the latter date he also demanded the immediate execution of the Edict of Worms (26 May, 1521), whereby Luther had been put under the ban of the empire, which formal outlawry he had hitherto escaped through the pro- tection of Frederick of Saxony and other friendly princes. Finally, on 3 January, 1523, Chieregati read publicly two important documents, sent after him from Rome. They were a papal Brief (issued on t tie previous 25 November) to the members of the Diet and an Instruction for Chieregati himself. The former contained an eloquent appeal to the Catholic piety, immemorial religious traditions, and magna- nimity of the representatives of the German people, and besought the Diet to quench at once the brand of religious sedition and compel the submission of Luther and his adherents. The personal Inst ruction, issued probably on the same date, and read to the Diet by Chieregati, is one of the most important docu ments for the early history of the Protestant l!> • mation. In it Pope Adrian frankly confesses that the sins of ecclesiastics were the chief cause of the grievous tribulations of the Church, and that in the Roman Curia itself, both head and members, popes and prelates, had been guilty of scandalous abuses. For the text of the Inst nut ion see Kama Mils. "Ann. eccl." (1522), 65; Le Plat, " Monuments ad hist. Cone. Trid." (Louvain, 1781), 11. 114 sqq.; Pallavicino, "Storia del Concilio di Trento" (Rome, 1656), 1 (2), 4-6; especially Wrede. "Deutsche Reiehstagsakten (Munich, 1893), 111, 391; see below. Pastor, and Her- genrothcr-Kirsch. The reply of the Diet was dis- couraging; the princes and representatives avoided a satisfactory answer to the pope's urgent requests, proposed the celebration of a general council in some