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CHICHELE

upon his personal loyalty the aged prelate could ever rely. Archbishop Feehan <lied 12 July, 1902. His administration in Chicago saw a development of Catholic life unprecedented in any other period of tin city's history. When he was installed there were in the diocese two hundred and four priests, while at bii death there were five hundred and thirty-eight. At his advent there were one hundred and ninety- four churches, when he died there were two hundred and ninety-eight. The city of Chicago, when he was promoted to the see, had thirty-four churches, at his passing away there were in the city one hundred and tilt y churches. Some idea of the manner in which Cath- olic education was promoted under this archbishop can be gathered from the list of institutions which sprang up in his time, among them the De La Salle Institute. Saint Cyril's College, St. Vincent's College, St. Viateur's College at Bourbonnais, St. Patrick's Academy, and the Loretto Academy at Joliet.

Secern,/ Archbishop. — Bishop James Edward Quig- i Buffalo, New York, was promoted (8 January, 1903) to the Archbishopric of Chicago, and installed 1 1 .March following. Born at Oshawa, Ontario, 15 October, 1855, he attended St. Joseph's College in Buffalo, from which he was graduated in 1872. In this year he won in a competitive examination for entrance to the Military Academy at West Point, but relinquished military ambition to study for the ( hureh. To this end he entered the seminary of Our Lady of Angels at Niagara Falls. In the following year he went for a time to the University of Innsbruck in the Austrian Tyrol, and thence to Rome, where, having completed his theological course in the college ol the Propaganda, he was ordained priest 13 April, 1879. He was appointed rector of St. Vincent's Church, Attica, New York, in 1879, leaving this mis- sion to become rector of St. Joseph's cathedral in Buffalo in 1884. Two years later he became pastor o! St. Bridget's church in the same city and while ministering in this parish was appointed Bishop of Buffalo, his consecration taking place 24 February, 1897. The administration of Bishop Quigley in Buf- falo was characterized by a clear, far-reaching discern- ment. His public spirit, too, made him ever a con- trolling power in the community, and he was particu- larly alert to the weal of the labouring classes. His mediation in the dock strike of Buffalo in 1899 and his forceful pronouncements on Socialism were es- pecially noteworthy. In Chicago his talent for mastering details and his regard for due procedure brought a new order and system into the government of the archdiocese, while the synod held 14 December, 1905, marked the introduction to the see of a body of beneficent legislation. A diocesan college for ec- clesiastical students was opened in 1905, and the meas- ures of previous administrations for the spiritual care of the immense foreign-born and constantly increas- ini; population was continued and broadened.

.-i vnsrirs. — Ten nationalities other than English- speaking were represented in the archdiocese in 1908. Of the total of 314 churches they had 96 divided as follows: German 33, Polish 21, Bohemian 9, Italian s, Lithuanian 7, Slovak 6, Croatian 5, French 3, Syrian 2, Ruthenian 2.

Religious orders and congregations having founda- tions in the archdiocese are: Men — Augustinians, Benedictines (St. Proeopius Abbey), Benedictines (St. Vincent's Abbey), Carmelites, Franciscans, lathers ami Brothers of the Holy Cross, Jesuits, Lazarists, Fathers of the Precious Blood, Passionists, Redemp-

ts, Fathers of the Resurrection, Servites, Clerics

ol St. Viateur, Missionary Society of St. Paul the Vpostle, Alcxian Brothers, Brothers of the Chris-

tian Scl Is. Congregation of St. Charles Borromeo,

Brothers of Mary, Society of the Divine Word. Com- munities of Women Sisters of St. Agnes, Benedictine Sisters. Bohemian Benedictine Sisters. Sisters of

Charity of St. Vincent de Paul (Emmitsburg, Mary- land), Sisters of Christian Charity (Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania), Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Vir- gin Mary (Dubucme, Iowa), Poor Clares, Sisters of the Third Order of St. Dominie (Sinsinawa, Wiscon- sin), Sisters of St. Dominic (Blauvelt, New York), Sisters of St. Dominic (Adrian, Michigan), Sisters of the Third Order of St. Dominic (St. Catharine, Ken- tucky), Franciscan Sisters (St. Louis, Missouri), Franciscan Sisters of the Sacred Heart (Joliet, Illi- nois), Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis (Peoria, Illinois), School Sisters of St. Francis (Mil- waukee, Wisconsin), Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis (Joliet, Illinois), Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis of Assisi, M. C. (St. Francis, Wisconsin), Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis (under the protection of St. Cunegunde), Sisters of St. Francis (Lafayette, Indiana), Sisters of St. Francis (Clinton, Iowa), Felician Sisters, O. S. F. (Detroit, Mich.), Sis- ters of the Good Shepherd, Sisters of the Holy Cross (Notre Dame, Indiana), Sisters of the Holy Family of Nazareth, Sister-Servants of the Holy Heart of Mary (Paris). Hospital Sisters of St. Joseph. Sisters of St. Joseph (St. Louis, Missouri), Sisters of St. Joseph (Concordia, Kansas), Sisters of St. Joseph (La Grange, Illinois), Little Sisters of the Poor, Little Company of Mary (Rome), Ladies of Loreto (Toronto, Ontario), Sisters of Mercy (Chicago, Illinois), Sisters of Mercy (Oakley Ave., Chicago, Illinois), School Sisters of Notre Dame (Milwaukee, Wisconsin). Sisters of the Congregation of Notre Dame (Montreal), Sisters of the Poor Handmaids of Jesus Christ (Ft. Wayne. Indiana), Sisters of the Precious Blood (O'Fallon, Missouri), Sisters of Providence (St. Mary of the Woods, Indiana). Ladies of the Sacred Heart (Chi- cago Province), Sisters of Jesus and Mary (Montreal), Daughters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Buf- falo, New York), Polish Sisters of St. Joseph (Stevens Point, Wisconsin), Sisters of the Holy Ghost (Hol- land), Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart (Nev York), Sisters of Misericorde, Visitation Nuns, Sisters of the Resurrection, Sisters of St. Mary (St. Louis, Missouri).

Archbishop 1, bishops 2, mitred abbot 1 : priests 631: secular 440, of religious orders 191; churches 314: with resident priests, city of Chicago, 176, coun- try 138 ; missions with churches 35, stations 5, chapels 61; ecclesiastical students 115, seminaries of religious orders 3, students 330; colleges and acade- mies for boys 11, students 2575, training-schools 2, pupils 452; academies for girls 27. students 7-">s;> ; parishes and missions with parochial schools, city 125, pupils 68,520, outside the city CI. pupils 10,650; orphan asylums 9, orphans 1499; infant asylums 1. inmates 67(5; industrial and reform schools for boys J, for girls 2, inmates 710; working boys' homes 1. in- mates 350; working girls' homes 1, inmates 19.">; total persons under Catholic care 93,657; hospitals l9,homi s for the aged poor 9, inmates 1 loll, communities nurs- ing sick in their homes :;. Catholic population, about 1,200,000.

\miiiews. in The History of Chicago; O'Goruan, A Hist of

the It. C <!,„,, I, ,„ lh, r S i\eu \..rk. Is'l.", ■ ; Siika, fftSl of

the Coil, t'h in the V S. iNe« York, Hint. McGovern, The Life „f Bishop Me Mullen i Chii-nK" ' : Ii'FM, Souvenir of the

Silver Jul,, lee of the Most It, v. P. II, Feehan; Catholic Directory

(Milwaukee, 1U08).

John \\ bbstbh M I

Chichele (or Chicheley), Henry, Archbishop of Canterbury, b. at Higham Ferrers. Northampton- shire, England, L362; d. at Oxford. 12 April. 1443. He was the son of Thomas Chichele, a yeoman, and \gnes, daughter of William Pvnclieon. Educated by William of Wykeham at St. John the Baptist's

College, Winchester, he passed from there to New College. Oxford. He took the degree of B.C.L. in 1389-90, and the degree of LL.D. in 1396. Llanvar-