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his writings and later of Napoleon. Capefigue was a prolific writer; his works are, consequently, some- what superficial and of no great historical value, but in them he always maintained his convictions as a devout Catholic. His first work was entitled: "Re- cueil des operations de l'armee francaise en Espagne sous les ordres du Due d'Angouleme" (Paris, 1823). His principal work, "Histoire de Philippe-Auguste " (Paris, 1827-1S29), 4 vols., passed through several editions. The best of his publications is: "Histoire de la Restauration et des causes qui ont amene la chute de la branehe ainee des Bourbons" (Paris, 1831, 10 vols; 3d ed., Paris, 1842, 4 vols.). Of less impor- tance was the work, on a more ambitious scale, "L'Europe depuis l'avenement de Louis-Philippe" (Paris, 1845-1846, 16 vols.; 2d ed., 1847-1849, 10 vols.), and the publication entitled, "L'Europe de- puis la chute de Louis-Philippe jusqu'a la presidence de Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte" (Paris, 1849), 3 vols. Mention should also be made of: "Les reines de la main gauche" (Paris, 1858-1864), 15 vols., which in- cludes sketches of Agnes Sorel. Pompadour, du Barry, etc., and " Les reines de la main droite" (Paris, 1856- 1864), 6 vols., sketches of Catherine de' .Medici, Eliza- beth of England, and Maria Theresa, etc. Among his writings which belong to the department of church history are: "Vie de saint Vincent de Paul" (Paris, 1827; 2d ed., 1S40); "Quatre premiers sieeles de l'Eghse chnHienne" (.Paris, 1850), 4 vols. Capefigue also produced a historical novel called: "Jacques II a Saint-Germain" (Paris, 1S33), 2 vols.

Patricius Schlager. Cape of Good Hope. See Good Hope, Cape op.

Caperolo, Pietro, Friar Minor, date of birth unknown; d. at Velletri in 1480; he was a man of much energy and great learning, and was held in high esteem as a preacher by the people of Brescia, Velletri, and other cities of Northern Italy. Cap- erolo played an important part in the religious dis- turbances, which arose about the year 1475, be- tween the Franciscan provinces of Milan and Venice, and which were occasioned in great measure by the war then going on between Milan and the Vene- tian Republic. After considerable difficulty Cap- erolo succeeded in obtaining permission from Pope Sixtus IV to separate several convents of the Vene- tian province from the obedience of the Observants, and to form a vicariate, which was placed under the obedience of the Conventuals, but retained the right to elect its own provincial superior. The mem- bers of the new congregation were known as Cap- erolani, from Caperolo their founder. The death of Caperolo, however, put an end to the Caperolani as a distinct branch within the order, and all the mem- bers of the new vicariate without exception returned to the obedience of the Observants.

\\ idding, Annates Mniorum (Rome, 1732), XIII, 402; XIV, 242; KoBLER in Kirchenlex., s. v.

Stephen M. Donovan. Capes (Editor op the Rambler). See Rambler. Cape Verde Islands. See Santiago and Cape Verde.

Capgrave, John, Augustinian friar, historian, and theologian, b. at Lynn in Norfolk, 21 April, 1393; d. there, 12 August, 1464 (according to Pits, 1484). His name is chiefly known in connexion with the "Nova Legenda Anglue ", the first comprehensive collection of English saints' lives. But this work was really compiled by John of Tynemouth, a Bene- dictine (born e. 1290), and Capgrave merely edited and re-arranged it, though it has ever since passed under his name. Yet quite apart from the "Nova Legenda", his own undoubted works prove him to have been a scholar of unusual eminence. But few facts — and these gleaned from his own works — are known concerning his life. He states that he was

born at Lynn in Norfolk, and not in Kent as Bale and others have stated. His university is uncertain, both Oxford and Cambridge claiming him, but he certainly was ordained priest in 1417 or 141S, and was professed an Augustinian at Lynn. He became a doctor of Divinity, and subsequently provincial of his order. Many of his unpublished works exist in MS., but some are lost. His historical works are: "De illustribus Henricis" (R. S., London, 185S); "Vita Humfredi ducis Glocestrire"; "Life of St. Gilbert of Sempringham"; "Metrical Life of St. Katharine" (Earlv English Text Soc, 1893); "Chroni- cle of England to a. d. 1417" (R. S., London, 1S5S); "Vita S. Augustini"; "De sequacibus S. Augustini"; " De illustribus viris O. S. A. " His theological works, too numerous to detail (given by Hingeston, below), include commentaries on many books of the Bible, a work on the creeds, sermons, lectures and addresses to the clergy.

Hingeston, Caparave's Chronicle of England (R. S-, London, 1S5S'; Maunde Thompson in Did. \at. Biog. (London, 1SS7), IX, 20; Horstman, Nova Legenda Angliee, Introduction

(Oxford, 1901). Edwin Burton.

Cap Haitien, Diocese of (Capitis Haitiani), erected by Pius IX, 3 October, 1861, in the ecclesias- tical Province of Port au Prince, territorially corre- sponds to the Department of the North of the French- speaking negro Republic of Haiti. In 1906 the jurisdiction of the See of Cap Haitien covered some 650,000 Catholics, or rather more than one-fourth of the whole population of the Haitian Republic, which forms the western political division (about one-third the area) of the Island of Santo Domingo, the largest but one of the Greater Antilles.

History. — On his second voyage to Santo Do- mingo, or, as he named it, Hispaniola, Columbus brought with him some religious of the Order of St. Dominic. This was in November, 1493, and since then the Haitian part of the island, at least, has never lacked pastors. A plan of the city of Cap Haitien still extant, and dating from the year 1600, differs hardly at all in extent from the plan of the present city. In the collection of annals of the "Missions catholiques" there are, also, letters of the same period, written from Petite Anse by a Jesuit Father. The parishes of the North were generally served by relig- ious of the Society of Jesus, but there were also at Cap Haitien some Franciscans whose names have been preserved, and one section of that city is still called "MornedesCapucins". In addition to the work of the parish the Jesuits administered a very large hospital at the gate of the city and another (military) hospital inside. There was also a convent of nuns, very fine, and of very considerable size, to judge by its site, which has remained unoccupied, being now held in reserve by the Government for the Sisters of St. Joseph of Cluny, whenever that congregation shall be able to found an establishment there.

From the time when Haiti secured its national independence (1S04) to the Concordat (1860) the country was without a hierarchy. After a period of unsuccessful attempts at ecclesiastical reorganization under vicars and prefects Apostolic, negotiations be- tween the Holy See and the administration of Presi- dent Geffrard resulted (28 March, 1860) in the con- clusion of the Concordat, which expired in 1S85. Monsignor Monetti. titular Bishop of Lervia. was sent to Haiti in 1861 to settle various points left open in the text of the Concordat, and among these was the establishment of a suffragan see at Cap Haitien. as well as the amount of the stipends to be paid to bish- ops anil vicars-general. Provision was made for an- other diocese at Port de la Paix, but it was never formally established, and its territory is administered from Cap Haitien.

The first Bishop of Cap Haitien, Monseigneur Con- stant Mathurin Hillion, took possession of bis see 24