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 BUSTON

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BUTEUX

to historical research. It is open to grave criticism, being defective and sometimes slovenly, but it should not be forgotten that it is the first of its kind and was published during a most troubled period of the editor's life. It must be condemned as un- reliable in many respects, and yet it has opened the road to more exhaustive, and hence more valuable, investigations. In addition to the work of Sahagun, Bustamante printed the chronicle of Gomara, the work of Veytia on Tezcuco, the dissertations of < lama on two large Mexican sculptures, and others. To the history by Sahagun he added one of the r< lactones of Ixtlilxoch'itl, selected by him for the passionate spirit which it displays against the Spaniards. Bus- tamante's anti-Spanish feelings influence even his scientific publications and detract from their value.

Any modern history of Mexico touches on the life and writings of Bustamante. In addition to the autobiography mentioned (Lo que se dice, y lo que se hace. 1833), and the light shed by his other works, the "Diccionario universal de Historia y Geografia" (Mexico, 1853), contains an exhaustive account of the man. Alamdn has written about him in terms of great eulogy, putting in relief especially his private character and the virtues of his domestic life.

Alaman, Historia de Mexico (Mexico, 1848); Idem, Diser- tacionee sobre la Historia de la RepHblica Afexicana (Mexico, 1848); Diccionario hispano-americano. ■

Ad. F. Bandelier.

Buston (or Busten). Thomas Stephen, Jesuit missionary and author, b. 1549, in the Dion-, of Salisbury' England; d. at Goa, 1619. He entered the novitiate of the Society of Jesus on 11 October, 1570, and in the following year sailed for India, landing at Goa on 24 October, 1578. He settled in the island of Salsette, on the west coast of the penin- sula, and in 1584 he became superior of the Jesuits in that district, retaining the office until his death thirty-five years later. Buston wrote several works to further the instruction and conversion to Christi- anity of the natives; his writings are the earlii i known to have been printed in Hindustan. Boston's published works are: "Arte da lingoa canarina", a grammar of the language spoken in Canara. a district on the Malabar coast. It is written in Portuguese, the language used by Europeans on that coast. Father DiogO de Ribeiro had the work printed, with his own additions, at Goa, in 1640. "Doutrina ehrista em lingua bramana'' (1632); "Di sobre a vida de Jesus Christo" (Rachol, 1649 ; "I'urana". a collection of poems written in the Indian language, illustrating the chief mysteries of Christianity. Buston, at the time of his death, was held in general repute as an apostle and a saint.

Sommervogel, Bibliographic dcs eerivains dp la compagnie de Jisus, 11,469,470; Jocbek, Allgemeinet Oelehrten-LexKOn, 1. D. O. Hunter-Blair.

Bute, John Patrick Crichton-Stuart, Third Marquess of, b. at Mountstuart, Bute, 12 Septem ber, 1 s 1 7 ; • ) . : 1 1 Dumfries House, Ayrshire, 9 October, 1900, was the only child of the second Marquess by his second wife Lady Sophia Hastings, and sui to the family honours when only six month- old. His mother died in 1859, and after some disputes

between his guardians he was sent lo Harrow and subsequently to Christ Church. Oxford. Here he came under the influence of the advanced section of the Anglican Church, whose tenets his keen and logical intellect quickly saw to lie inconsistent with non-communion with "the Catholic Church. Mute's letters to one of his very few intimate friends during his Oxford career show with what conscientious care he worked out the religious question for himself. On the 8th of December, 1868, lie was received into the Church by Monsignor Capel at a convent in South- Walk, and a little later was confirmed by Pius IX,

in Rome. He was present in Rome during part of the sittings of the Vatican Council, travelled afterwards in the East, and then returned home to settle down on his extensive estates in Scotland and Wales.

In April, 1S72, he married the Hon. Gwendolen Howard, eldest daughter of the first Lord Howard of Glossop, and had by her three sons and a daughter. A scholar and somewhat of a recluse by temperament, Bute had a high sense of public duty, and admirably fulfilled his functions as a great landowner and em- ployer of labour. The first peer in modern times to undertake municipal office, he served both as Mayor of Cardiff and (twice) as Provost of Rothesay, in his titular island. His munificence was in proportion to his vast wealth (derived chiefly from his property in Cardiff), and innumerable poor Catholic missions throughout Britain, as well as private individuals, could testify to his lavish, though not indiscriminate generosity. A patron of learning throughout his career, he expended large sums in the assistance of impecunious scholars and in the publication of costly and erudite works. He was for several years Lord Rector of St. Andrews University, to which, as well as to Glasgow University, he was a munificent benefactor. Bute was a Knight of the Thistle, and also a Knight Grand Cross of St. Gregory and of the Holy Sepulchre. His personal habits were simple; but as a lover of art, with means to gratify his taste, he surrounded himself in his various splendid homes with much that was artistic and beautiful. His last years were clouded by a long and trying illness, patiently borne; and he died as he hail lived, a devout and bumble Catholic, a few w r eeks after his fifty- third birthday.

Bute's chief published works are: "The Roman Breviary translated into English" (2 vols., 1879); "Ancient Language of the Natives of Teneriffe"

(1891); "The Alleged Haunting of B House"

(1899); "The Altus of St. Columba" (1882); "Early Days of Sir William Wallace" (1876); "David, Duke of Rothesay" (1894); "Form of Prayers, Christmas Services, etc." (1875, 1896); many articles in the "Scottish Review"; "Address at St. Andrews University" (published in Knight's "Rectorial Addresses"). D. O. Hunter-Blair.

Buteux, Jacques, French missionary in Canada b. at Abbeville, in Picardy. 11 April, 16(10; slain by the Iroquois savages, 10 May. 1652. He entered the Society of Jesus in October, 1620, studied at La I leehe (1622-25). was an instructor at Caen (1625- 29), and after his course of theology at La Fleche (1629-33) became prefect at the College of Clermont. In 1631 he went to Canada and was sent to the new settlement of Three Rivers, where he remained for eighteen years, ministering with extraordinary zeal to the Montagnais and Algonquin tribes. Though of frail and delicate physique, his soul was fired with an ardent desire for suffering, which nothing could satisfy. It was this trait in his character which most distinguished him from the other heroic men who had ! their lives to the same work. In truth, no peril, however great, ever blanched his cheek or stayed his hand when there was question of serving Goa or saving a soul. He was endowed with a very special grace for instilling sentiments of piety into

the hearts of the Indians, and those under his care

were recognized by a tenderness of devotion and a

spirit of faith which wen- lasting and altogether

remarkable. Buteux himself has drawn a vivid picture of one of his apostolic journeys through a Canadian wilderness at the end of winter, of travers- ing almost pathless forests, crossing mountains, lakes, and rivers, wading knee deep in melting snow,

and being unable on account of all these difficulties to carry enough food for more than "warding off