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BEAUVAIS

incumbent. Among its bishops Beauvais counts Odo (860-8S1), charsed'by Nicholas I in 867 to_ answer ■n-ith Hincmar the grievances of Photius; Gui (1063- 85), who founded St. Quentin of Beauvais, the great school of theologj'; Pierre Cauchon (1420-32), iden- tified with the condemnation of Joan of Arc; Jean Juvenal des I'rsins (1433-44), author of the Chron- icle of Charles VI; Cardinal Odet de Chatillon (1535- 62), nephew of Cohgny, who turned Protestant at

Madj Entrance, Cathedr.al op Beauvais

the Reformation; Francois-Joseph de la Rochefou- cauld (1772-92), martyred in the Carmelite prison in 1792; and Feutrier (1825-30), minister of eccle- siastical affairs in the Martignac cabinet.

Diocese of Senlis. — The Church founded at Senlis by .St. Rieul (Regulus) about 300, had its ninth bishop, St. Levangius, in 511. Saints Sanctinus, Ag- marus, and Autbertus were bishops in the sixth and seventh centuries.

Diocese of Xoyon. — The headquarters of the city of the Veromandui, who undoubtedly had a bishop from the beginning of the fourth centurj', having been destroyed by the barbarians, the bishops were •n-ithout a residence until St. M^dard (530-545), fourteenth bishop, installed himself at Xoyon. This city counted among its bishops the goldsmith St. Eloi (Eligius, 640-659), Da^obert's prime min- ister; St. Munimolenus (second half of seventh cen- tury), and St. Eunutius (eiglith centurj-). The Belgian See of Tournai was cut off from Noyon in 1 146.

These sees played an important part in the history of France during the Carlovingian, and at the be- ginning of the Capetian, period. A council con- voked at Beauvais by Charles the Bald, in 845, elected Hincmar Archbishop of Reims. At Com- picgne where, next to his hunting-lodge, Charles the Bald had built the great Abbey of Notre Dame, placing therein the bodies of Sts. Cornelius and Cyprian, and where Kings Louis the Stammerer and Eudes were crowned and buried, there were held, in the course of the ninth century, numerous councils which regulated the political and religious questions of the time. A council at Compiegne in 1092 forced

the heretic Roseelin to retire, and one at Senlis in 1310, condemned nine Templars. Being Count of Beauvais from 1013, and Peer of France from the twelfth century, the Bishop of Beauvais bore the royal mantle at the coronation of the Ivings of France; it was he, who, with the Bishop of Langres, was wont to raise the king from his throne to present him to his people. The Bishop of Noyon was both duke and peer. The monastic hfe was established in this region by St. E\Tost in the sixth, and St. Germer in the seventh, century.

The medieval Cathedrals of Beauvais and Senlis are inferior in point of interest to that of Noyon, which is one of the most beautiful monuments of the twelfth centurj'. During the Middle Ages, on each recurring 14th of Januarj', the Feast of Asses was celebrated in the Beauvais Cathedral, in com- memoration of the flight of the Virgin into Egj-pt (see Asses, Fe.\st of), and every year, on 27 June, there is a reUgious procession through the streets of Beauvais to perpetuate Jeanne Hachette's opposition to Charles the Bold in 1472. Jolm Calvin was a native of Noj'on, and Cardinal Pierre d'Ailly was born in Compiegne. The places of pilgrimage are: Notre Dame de Bon Secours at Compiegne, a shrine erected in 1637 as an expression of gratitude for the raising of the siege of the city bj- the Spaniards; Notre Dame de Bon Secours at Cannes; Notre Dame de Bon Secours at Feuquicres; Notre Dame du Hamel at L'Hamel Notre-Dame; Notre Dame de Bon Secours at Montmelian; Notre Dame de Senhs at Senlis; Notre Dame des Fleurs at Ville-en-Braj'e.

In 1899 the following institutions were found in the diocese: 6 infant asjdums, 44 infant schools, 14 girls' orphanages, 1 free industrial school, 2 patronages, 2 charity kitchens, 9 hospitals and hospices, 1 house of retreat, 12 homes for the aged, 9 communities devoted to care for the sick in their homes, all conducted by nuns; and 2 patro7iages under the care of the Brothers of the Christian Schools. In 1900 there were the foUo-n-ing religious orders for men: Marists at Senlis, Redemptorists at Thxuy in Valois, and Fathers of the Holy Ghost at Beauvais. Among the orders for women there were no congregations belonging exclusively to the diocese. At the close of 1905 the Diocese of Beauvais had 407,808 inhabitants, 39 pastorates, 501 succursal parishes (mission churches), and 10 curacies.

Gallia Christiana (1751). IX, 691-773; Instrumenta. 239- 280; X. 1378-1465; Instrumenta. 423-520; IX. 918-1036; In- strumenta, 359-394; Delettbe, Histoire du diocese de Beauvais depuis son etablissement au troisii-me siecle (Beauvais, 1842— 1843); VrrET, Monoijraphie de Notre Dame de Noyon (Paris, 1854); Duchesne, Pastes episcopaux, I, 13-14; Chevalier, Topobibl., 342-344.

Georges Gotau.

Beauvais, GrLLES-FR.tNfOis-DE, Jesuit writer and preacher, b. at ilans, France, 7 July, 1693; d. probably at Paris about 1773. He entered the Society of Jesus 16 August, 1709, and taught belles-lettres, rhetoric, and philosophy. After ordination he was assigned to preach and gave the Advent course at Court in 1774, during which j-ear he pubhshed his "Life of the Ven. Ignativis Azevedo, S. J.", and in 1746 that of Ven. John de Britto, S. J., the latter of which has been translated into English by Father Faber of the Oratory (Richardson, London, 1851). He wTOte a number of other works of devotion and for spiritual reading.

SoMMERVOGEL, Bibl. dela cde J., IX, 1080-82.

M.\RK J. McNeal.

Beauvais, jE.UI-BAPTISTE-CHARLES-MARrE DE, a

French bishop, b. at Cherbourg, 17 October, 1731; d. at Paris, 4 April, 1790. The sermons he preached before the court during .\dvent, 1768, and Lent, 1773, raised his reputation as a pulpit orator to such a height that he was promoted to the See of Senez. He distinguished himself on all occasions by his de-