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 BANGALORE

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BANGOR

pies of St. Thomas and to flow wholly from St. Thomas's doctrine, although he differs somewhat in his mode of speaking'' (Serry, Hist. Cong, de Aux., appendix, col. 89). It seems but fair to the memory of Banez that this opinion should ultimately prevail. As a writer, Banez is clear, direct and \ngorous. Occasionally prolix, he is never dull or inane. He treats a subject lengthily only when it is highly im- portant or manifestly useful. His thought is gen- erally lucidity itself in his pithiest scholastic con- densations, nor is it less perspicuous when he adopts a freer and more elegant style in behalf of a wider range of readers. Of copious erudition, he was also keen in logic and profoundly versed in metaphysics, surpassing, in this respect, the ablest of his con- temporaries. He evidenced a broad-minded and progressive spirit in placing, at no little expense, a fully equipped printing establishment in the convent of St. Stephen, and in employing for its successful operation the best craftsmen that were then to be had. The list of his works is completed as follows: (1) " Scholastics commentaria in I"™ partem an- gelici doctoris D. Thorns usque ad 64 qu. ", fol. Sala- manca, 1584; Venice, 1585, 1602; Douai, 1614; (2) "Scholastica commentaria super creteras I" partis qusestiones", fol. Salamanca, 1588; (3) "Scholastica commentaria in 11"™ ll"*^, quibus quae ad fidem, speni et eharitatera spectant, clarissime explicantur usque ad quEest. XLVI", fol. Salamanca, 1584; \en- ice, 1586; (4) "Scholastica commentaria in 11'"' 11" a qusest. LVII ad LXXVII de jure et justitia decisiones", fol. Salamanca, 1594; 1604, Venice, 1595; Cologne and Douai, 1615; (5) "Relectio de merito et augmento charitatis anno MDLXXXIX Salamantica; in vigilia pentecostes soleraniter pronunciata", Sala- manca, 1590, 1627; (6) "Commentaria in quaestiones Aristotelis de generatione et corruptione", fol. Sala- manca, 1.585; Venice, 1596; Cologne, 1614; (7) "In- Btitutiones minoris dialecticse and In Aristotelis dia- lecticam", Cologne, 1618; (8) "Responsio ad quinque quaestiones de efficacia divinae gratioe", Angelica Library, Rome, MS. R. I. 9. fol. 272; (9) "Respuesta contra una relacion compuesta por los padres de la compania de Jesus de Valladolid ", Medina del Campo, 1602, MS., Dominican Library, Avila.

B.\.VEZ, autobiography in preface to Comment, in la't P., D. Thomat.: QuETlK-EcH.iBi), Scriplores Ord. Prad. <.Paris, 1721), II, 352; Touron, Hist, des hommes itlustres de Vordre de S. Dominique (Paris, 1743). IV, 750; Mandonnet in Diet, de Iheol. cath. (Paris, 1903). Fasc. X, col. 140; Mohgott in Kirchenlex. (2d ed., Freiburg. 1882), I, s. v. Banez; Serby, Hist. congTegationum de auxiliis (Venice, 1740): Meyer, Hist. congregationuTn de divince gratiie auxiliis (Venice, 1740): DuMMERMUTH, S. Thomas et Doctrina PriFmotionis Physical (Pari.'i, 1886); Oayraud. Thomisme et Molinisme (Toulouse, 1889); Berthier in Revue ThomisU for 1893, 87: Regnon, Bannesiani^me et Molinisme (Paris, 1890); Gayr.»ud, Replique au R. P. Th. de Regnon (Toulouse, 1890).

John R. Volz.

Bangalore. See Mysore.

Bangor, Antiphox.\ry op, an ancient Latin manu- script, supposed to have been originally WTitten at Bangor (Ireland).

The codex, found by Muratori in the Ambrosian Library at Milan, and named by him the "Antipho- nary of Bangor" ("Antiphonarium Benchorense")i was brought to Milan from Bobbio with many other books by Cardinal Federigo Borromeo when he founded the Ambrosian Library in 1609. Bobbio, which is situated in a gorge of the Apennines thirtj'-seven miles north-east of Genoa, was founded by St. Columbanus, a disciple of St. Comgal, founder of the great monasterj- at Bangor on the south side of Belfast Lough in the county of Down. St. Columbanus died at Bobbio and was buried there in 615. This establishes at once a connexion between Bobbio and Bangor, and an examination of the con- tents of the codex placed it beyond all doubt that it was originally compiled in Bangor and brought

thence to Bobbio. not, however, in the time of St. Columbanus. There is in the codex a hjinn en- titled " ymnum sancli Congilli abbalis nostri", and he is referred to in it as "nostri patroni Corngilli sandi". Again there is a list of fifteen abbots, be- ginning with Comgal and ending with Cronanus who died in 691; the date of the compilation, there- fore, may be referred to 680-691. Muratori, however, is careful to state in his preface that the codex, though verj- old, and in part mutilated, may have been a copy made at Bobbio, by some of the local monks there, from the original service book. It is written, as regards the orthography, the form of the letters, and the dotted ornamentation of the capital letters, in " the Scottic style ", but this, of course, may have been done by Gaelic monks at Bobbio. The actual bearer of the codex from Bangor is gen- erally supposed and stated to have been St. Dungal. who left Ireland early in the ninth century, acquired great celebrity on the Continent, and probably retired to Bobbio towards the close of his life. He be- queathed his books to "the blessed Columbanus", i. e., to his monastery at Bobbio. The antiphonary, however, cannot be identified with any of the books named in the catalogue of the books bequeathed by Dungal, as given bv Muratori (Antiquitatis Italic:E Medii Mvi, Milan, l"740. III, 817-824). Here only a summary can be given of the contents of the codex to which the name of " Antiphonarj' " will be found to be not very applicable: (1) six canticles; (2) twelve metrical hymns; (3) sixty-nine collects for use at the canonical hours; (4) special collects; (5) seventy anthems, or versicles; (6) the Creed; (7) the Pater Noster. The most famous item in the contents is the venerable Eucharistic hymn " Sancti venite Christi corpus sumite ", which is not found in any other ancient text. It was sung at the Communion of the clergy and is headed, "Ymnum quando comonicarent sacerdotes ". A text of the hymn from the old MS. of Bobbio, with a literal translation, is given in "Essays on the Discipline and Constitution of the Early Irish Clnirch," (p. 166) by Cardinal Moran, who refers to it as that "golden fragment of our ancient Irish Liturgy ". The Creed in this codex differa in its wording from all other forms known to exist. It is in substance the original Creed of Nica'a. It does not contain the ex Patre Filioque procedit, but merely states the hoTnoousia of the three Persons of the Holy Trinity.

Warrex, The Antiphonary of Bangor: an Early Irunh MS. (a complete facsimile in collotype, with a transcription. London, 1893); Idem. Liturgy and Ritual of the Keltic Church (Oxford, 1881 ), pp. 187-194; Muratori, Anecdota Ambrosiana, in Opera Omnia (Arezzo, 1770), II, part iii, 217; P. L., LXXII, 579; Reeves, VUt. Joum. ArcheoL, I, 168.

Arthur Ua Clerigh.

Bangor (B.^NOORiuxr, B.\ngoriensis), Diocese of, anciently known as Bangor Vawr, situated in Carnarvonshire on the Menai Straits, must be dis- tinguished from Bangor Iscoed also in Wales, and the celebrated Irish monastery of Bangor in County Down. The foundation of the see is traditionally ascribed to St. Daniel or Deiniol (d. 584?) who is stated to have been consecrated by St. Dubri- cius, or, according to others, St. David. Some WTiters place his death in 544, others in 554, while the tenth century "Annales Cambriae" assign it to 584. Yet even this date is regarded by recent research as too early. We may, perhaps, safely ascribe the foundation of the see to the close of the sixth century. The history of the diocese be- fore the Xorman Conquest is so obscure that Godwin (De praesulibus Angliae, 1743) does not allow that there were any bishops at all before the coming of the Normans.

In 1092 Hervey, a cleric in the court of William Rufus, was consecrated Bishop of Bangor and in the same year was present in that capacity at the