Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 17.djvu/786

 WEBNZ 770 WEST VIBOINIA

died from woundft received. Rev. M. J.Lewis, who $8,395,097; oats 8,054,668 bushels, $3,054,668;

served as a military chaplain at home, died at his rye 186,709 bushels, $326,749; buckwheat 637,883

poet during the epidemic of 1918. The diocese has bushels, $860,616; potatoes 2,809,398 bushels,

also suffered the loss of one of its oldest missionaries, $6,461,619; tobacco 7,587,052 poundis, $2,731,338;

Rev. Patrick J. Smyth, active in missionary work fruit $9,962,747. The railroad mileage in the State

for thirty years, who died 7 September, 1916, and is 3892, exclusive of the electric railways covering

three prominent laymen, generous benefactors 660 miles of track. The assessed value of real property

of the Church; Martin Kennedy, K. S. G., d. 1916; in 1919 was $767,653,310; and of personal proper^,

Sydney Johnston] d. 1917, and Maurice O'Connor $372,631,062. The total bonded debtedness of the

d. 1920. The archdiocese comprises 58.000 whites State was $13,500,000 on 1 January, 1920.

and 2000 Madri Catholics. Latest statistics credit Mining.— In 1918 there were 89,933,839 tons of

it ¥rith 45 parishes, 127 churohes, 3 Madri Missions, coal mined: 3,349,761 tons of coke. The production

38 mission stations, 2 monasteries of men, 4 con- of mineral gas was worth $57,389,161; of day

vents of men and 50 of women, 48 secular and 53 products $9,008,065. The petroleum wells jrielded

regular clerpy, 30 lay brothers, 520 nuns, 1 seminary, 8,117,300 barrels, valued at $49,078,000. The State

30 seminarians, 2 colleges for men with 16 teachers ranks second in the production of coal,

and 200 students, 4 colleges for girb with 25 teachers Manufacturing, — A preliminary statement of the

and 390 students, 14 high schools with 56 teachers 1919 census of manufactures in the State reveals

and a total attendance (boys and sirls) of 1100, 2784 estabb'shments, with 93,812 persons engaged

57 elementarv schools with 210 teachers and 6910 in manufacture, earning a total of $120,047,000.

pupils, besides 2 dementary schools for Madri producing goods valued at $471,982,000. The capital

children with 4 teachers and 45 pupils, 3 industrial mvested was $340,119,000.

schools with 14 teachers and 450 pupils and 1 board- Education. — ^In 1919 the Barnes Educational ing school for Madri girls with 3 teachers and 50 Code of 1916 was amended and re-enacted. It pro- pupils. The charitable institutions include 3 homes, vides for a State Board of Education, to consist of a 1 Catholic women's hostel and 1 day nursery; 23 State superintendent, ex^fficio, and six members public institutions permit the priests to minister in appointed for six years by the Governor. An ad- them and twp of the Catholic homes receive govern- visory council is created to aceist in policies for the ment grants. Two societies are formed among the education of colored youth. The State Board has clergy and ten among the laity. genend control over the State University, normal and

agricultural schools, the vocational school, col-

Wemi, Franz Xaver, General of the Society of legiate institute, colored institute and the schools for Jesus, and distinguished canonist, b. on 4 December, the deaf, blind, and all State educational institutions. 1842, at Rottweill, WOrtemberg; d. at Rome on The State superintendent is elected for four years 20 August, 1914. He entered the Jesuit novitiate on by the qualified voters, also a county superintendent 5 December, 1852, and was professed on 2 February, for each county. The district Board of Education 1876. He was professor of canon law at the Gregorian consifts of three members and as a corporation can University in 1883, and its rector in 1904. and was hold school property, provide school sites, buildings, elected to the office of general on 8 September, 1906. equipment, and can appoint one school trustee ror He died in August, 1914. Since 1908, he had been each sub«aistrict. The minimum school term is consultor of the Congremtions of the Holy Office, of now 130. days, but will be increased ten days each the Consistorial, of the Index, and of Extraordinary year until 1924, when it will be 160 days. Children Ecclesiastical Affairs, and from 25 April, 1904, he not less than seven nor more than fourteen vears of was a member of the Commission for the codification age must attend school, also those between fourteen of canon law. His obsequies were held at the GesCi and sixteen years of age who are not lawfully em- six days after his death. plo3red. Those who are employed are expected to

attend evening or part time school at least 5 houre a

West Virginia (of. C. E., XV— 605a).— The week for 20 weeks, if such school is in session within area of the State is 24,170 square miles, of which two miles from a child's residence. Anv district 24,022 square miles are land and 148 square miles mav issue bonds for sites, buildings, etc., oy three- are water. In 1920 the population was 1,463,701, an fifths of the votes cast. The laws governing private increase of 19.9 since 1910. Of this 74.8 per cent was and parochial schools are as followsi The basic rural, 25.2 per cent urban. The average number of language of instruction in tb^ common school branches inhabitants to the square mile was 60.9 as against in public and private schools shall be the English 50.8 in 1910. There are 34 cities, of which the language only. Private schools, to be lawfully largest with their respective populations are: Wheeling attended by children of compulsory education a^, 56,208: Huntington 50,177; Charleston 39,608; must be approved. They must furnish to district Clarksburg 27,869. The composition of the popula- boards reports relative to attendance and instruction, tion is as follows: whites 1,377,235; negroes 86,345; The term of the approved private school must be the native whites numbered 1,315,32^, of which equal to that of the public school. The property 1,232,857 were of native parentage, 56,625 of foreign used for educationid, hterary, scientific, religious or parentage, and 25.847 of mixed parentage. The charitable purposes may be exempted from taxation foreign-bom, 61^906 in all, came chiefly from Italy (X. — 1).

(14,147), Austna (5115). Poland (5799), England In 1920 the 6978 public elementary schoob had

(3433), Russia (3911). Of the popiilation ten years 341,977 enrolled pupils and 10.978 teachers, and the

of age and over (1,083,395) 6.4 per cent, or 69,413, 172 public hig^ schools had 1129 teachers and

were illiterate. 18,512 pupils. The six public normal schools had

EcoNomc Status. — Although the number of 123 teachers and 2262 students in 1917. The

farms in 1920 shows a decrease of farming land, the expenditure on education in 1920 was $11,291,536.

87,289 farms in the State were valued at 57.7 per In 1920 the number of children of school age was

cent more than in 1910. The land in farms is $9,569,- 515,423, of whom 321 ,191 attended school. The value

790: the value of all farm property, $496,439,617; of all property used for school purposes was $20,-

of live stock, $67,261,153. The production and value 245,822; while $5,836,335 was spent for maintenance,

of the leading crops in 1920 were as follows: hay Included in the State institutions are: 6 State hoe>

1,099,679 bushels, $23,746,574; com 17,010,357 pitals, an Industrial School for Boys at Pruntytown.

bushels, $29,768,131; wheat 3,747,812 bushels, a Tubereulosis Sanitarium at Terra Alta, a Colored