Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 17.djvu/775

 VIATI0X7M 759 VIOAB

Reli^otu Denominations (1916) gives the following immediately mobilized and was one of the first to

statistics: Cong^gationalists 22,912 members, 212 reach the border. It was officially reported as ''the

churches, 144 ministers; Baptists 9797 members. 112 best National Guard Regiment m equipment and

churches. 88 ministers; Episcopalians 600 members, general efficiency" on the border. In 1917 the same

64 churcnes, 36 ministers; Free Baptists 213 mem- regiment, though with a somewhat changed personnel,

bers, 6 churches; Adventists 1439 members, 9 was drafted into Federal service, and thereby ceased

churches, 21 ministers. For Catholic statistics see to be the National Guard. At this time the regiment

Burlington, Diocese of. mustered 55 officers and over 2000 men and soon

Education. — In 1920 the population of school became the 157th Pioneer Infantry in the famous

age numbered 100,842, of whom 67,746 (67.2 per 26th or "Yankee'' Division. The regiment won the

cent.) attended school. There were 16 academies with highest commendation for its fighting qualities and

a total attendance of 1771 students and 78 high general morale. Other Vermonters were also on

schools, which in 1918 had 9237 students, 2403 active duty abroad with the United States, English,

public schools with 2975 teachers. In 1920 Middle- and French regiments. The summary of casualties

oury College had 33 professors and instructors and among the Vermont members of the Expeditionary

447 students; Norwich University, 29 instructors Force is as follows: deceased, 13 officers, 287 men;

and 250 stuaents; St. Michael's College, 14 pro- prisoners, 2 officers, 21 men; wounded, 17 officers,

feasors and 137 students; the State Agricultural 680 men.

tt"'lSi4tit/'oP^e'^^^^^ j:^^ ,(%^' E., XV-^97b).-If a pen«n has

the collegiateVartment teaching staff, 43;in the ^^^f g^L ^a^e^^rdLl £%Td

profe^iomd department 64 m the engmeenn^ ^^^^ ^ receive the Holy Eucharist a^in, m

e'^^fed?tuden?s'^^^^^^^ ViatS; it is both la^ul afd fitting for hS w^^^^

schools with 229 teachers and 7743 pup& The ^laS'L^^ei^^^?^^^^^^

sS^s;^fori^s^s?nr^^^^^ r^^^^^ ^^^^^t.^'^ ^^t-^^b4^^ ^ ^'?

teachers' salaries, $1,390,647; total cun^nt expenses, L^ftyT^fei^ SaSe^^

$2,365,097; expended for outUys, state, $171,682; ^«»««y ^y ^^ ^ permissiDie.

city, $411,680. The value of the school property Viatorlans. See Saint Viator, Clerics op in the same Vear is ^ven as $5,123,186. State

supervision of education is exercised through a Vicar (cf. C. E., XV— 401a). — ^There are Conunissioner elected b^ the Board of Education, five classes of parochial vicarsor priests who act for a In 1919 a teachers' retirement system was estab- parish priest m the cure of souls, namely, the per- illed. Bible reading in the public schools is neither petual vicar, the vicar occonomus, the vicar sub- permitted nor excluded, stitute, the vicar assistant and the vicar co-operator.

Recent Legislation and History. — In 1911 the When a parish has been fully (vUnojure) ui.ited to a

office of Commissioner of Weights and Measures was religious house, a capitular cnurch or other moral

created; provision was also made for the punishment person, a perpetual vicar should be appointed for the

of murder in the first degree, giving the jury the actual cure of souls, and should receive suitable

right to fibc ^e penalty either at death or imprison- compensation. Except when there is a legitimate

ment for life. Child labor was regulated, and the privilege or custom to the contrary, he should be

prevention of the white slave traffic provided for. presented by the religious superior, the chapter, or

In 1913 a Board of Conciliation and Arbitration for the moral person as the case calls for, ard be in-

the adjustment of local disputes was created. Electro- stituted by the local ordinary if found fitted by him.

cution was substituted for hanging as a form of Whether he is a secular or religious his rights and

capital punishment. In the same year the State duties while holding office are the same as those of a

constitution was amended as follows: Every Bill parish priest, and he can be removed only under like

passed by the Vermont Le^lature must be sub- conditions

mitted to the governor for his approval. In case of As soon as a parish becomes vacant, a vicar cecoro-

its veto, if two-thirds of each nouse approve of it mus should be appointed by the local ordinary with

again, it becomes law. No person was to be declared a suitable salary. Before ms appointment, the gov-

guilty of felony or treason by the legislature. No emment of the parish, if no other provision has been

charter of incorporation shall be granted by special made, is to be taken over by the vicar co-operator, or

law except for municipal, charitable, educational, if there are several, by the one who has held office

penal or reformatory corporations, but the General lon^^; if there is no vicar, one of the reighborii g

Assembly must provide general laws for the organisa- parish priests takes charge, the ordinary havii s de-

tion of corporations. The time of meeting of the dded beforehand which of them should do so; u the

General Assembly is changed from October to parish is under the care of a religious, his local

January; the time of their election from September superior should act. Those who are thus empowered

to November. In 1915 an Act was passed providing to take charge must^otify the local ordirary as soon

for eugenic marriages. A workingmen's compensa^ as Hie vacancy occurs. A vicar aconomus has the

tion law was also passed. The establishment of same rights and duties as a parish priest in the cure

county tuberculosis nospitals has been authorized, of souls, but he may not act to the detriment of the

There was an attempt in 1917 to nullify the effects rights of the parish priest or of the parochial benefice,

of the local option liquor law passed in 1903. but the On the termination of his office an aconomus must,

people rejected the Prohibition Act submittea to them in presence of the vica-forane or other priest namea

and the local option law stood. The Federal prohibi- by the ordinary, hand over to the new parish priest

tion amendment was ratified on 29 January, 1919. or to a succeeding oeconomus the key of the arduves

In the same year provision was made for the com- and an inventory of the books, documents and other

mitment of women between the aoes of 21 and 45 to things belonginff to the parish, and must gfve an

the State School of Feeble-Minoed, and the com- accounting of the receipts and expenses during his

mitment of dependent children to the Vermont administration.

Industrial School was prohibited. A vicar substitute is to be appointed by a parish

When trouble with Mezloo broke out in 1916, the priest with the consent of the local ordinary or, if

First Regiment of the Vermont National Guard necessary, of the religious superior, when the parish