Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 17.djvu/774

 VEEDUN 75g VEEMONt

The archdiocese is confided to the Discalced Car- Switzerland, doing good and instructing the heathen

melites. The present administrator is the Most Rev. women of the mountains in the Christian Faith.

Angel Maila r^rez y Cecilia, O. C. D., at Burgos, The Roman governor imprisoned her because of her

Spain, 10 February, 1872, ordained 10 June, 1895, refusal to sacrifice to the gods, but on being taken

electea titular Archbishop of Achrida and coadjutor sick and learning that Verena prayed for his recovery* ,

of Verapoly 18 June, 1915, consecrated 28 October he released her. The Roman Martyrology gives

following. He succeeded Rt. Rev. Bernard Arguin- her feast on 1 September and she is especiaJly venerat-

zonis, who resigned. In 1920 there were 824 conver- ed in the territory of the ancient Diocese of Con*

sions. stance, which included the whole Alemanni people,

and for centuries was the lai^gest and most important

Verdnxiy Diocesb of (Virodunensis), in France, Diocese of Germany. An ancient tiny mountain

suffragan of Besangon. From September, 1914, to chapel covers the rugged root where Verena lived.

November, 1918, more than 200 parishes were oc- In recent years, interest in St. Verena has developed

cupied by the enemy and communication with the in America on account of the increasing use of tier

bishop of Verdim was practically cut off. The Holy name for girls, especially in the Middle West, and

See confided the administration to the bishop of because of the more frequent use of ihe name in

Namur. At the beginning of the battle of Verdun the religious orders of women,

bishop and the dSooesan administration left the Vincsnt Henbt Hucx. episcopal city which was being bombarded and burned

by the Germans and took refuge at Bar-le-Duc in the Vermont (cf. C. E., XV — 354b). — ^Th^area of the

southern part of the diocese. They did not return to State of Vermont is 9564 square miles. In 1920

Verdun imtil 1921. The seminary was successively the total {)opulation was 352,428, a decrease of 1

moved to Nancy, to Paris and then to Bar-le-Duc, per cent, since 1910. Of this, 31.2% was urban;

and has not yet been re-established at Verdun. The 68.8 was rural. The average number of inhabitants

Ereparatory seminary, established at Bar-le-Duc was to the square mile is 38.6, as against 39 in 1910.

umed in 1917. During the war about 186 priests Vermont has seven cities only three of which exceed

joined the army; of these 13 were killed^ 20 more or 10,000, Burlington 22,779; Rutland 14,954; Barre

lessseriously wounded, and 50 prisoners m Germany. 10,006. Of the whites in Vermont, the natives

One hundred and sixty citations and diplomas of numbered 307,291, of whom 228,325 were of native

honor and 120 decorations were awarded to the priests parentage, 42,100 of foreigp parentage, 36,^66 of

of the diocese. Owing to the war the number of mixed parentage. The foreign-bom whites (44,526)

priests in the diocese has decreased from 550 in 1914 came chiefly mm Canada (French 14,181; others

to 443 in 1921 and the population which, with the 10,687), Italy 4067; Ireland 2884; England 2197.

exception of a small number of Protestants and Jews, There are 572 negroes. The population of ten years

is entirely Catholic, has decreased from 242,557 of age and over included 8488 illiterates (3%).

inhabitants in 1911 to 190,001 in 1921. Out of 572 Economic Status. — Manufacturing. — ^The cum-

churches, 253 remained intact, 153 were destroyed mary of manufactures issued by the United States

and 166 were damaged Only a small portion of the Census Bureau for 1919 reveals 1790 establishments,

much damaged cathedral has been restored. Nine- employing 38,845 persons, earning a total wage of

teen of the 28 deaneries have been destroyed. 131 of $41,429,114, and turning; out prodfucts worth $168,-

the rectories have been completely ruined and 86 are 108,072. The capital mvested was $134,314,391.

capable of repair. The war also destroyed several The principal industries ranked by the value of their

boarding schools and 3 hospitals. It hastened the products were marble and stone work, woolen and

dispersion of the religious communities, only one of worsted goods, paper and wood pulp, butter, machine

which still remains m Verdun. According to the tools, lumber and timber products,

statistics of 1921 the diocese contains: 30 nrst class Agriculture. — In 1919 the value of the agricul-

pari^es, 444 succursal parishes, 74 parochial chapels, tund output of the State, comprising corn, wheat,

443 secular priests, 2 seminaries, 83 seminanans, rye, oats, buckwheat, potatoes, and tobacco, aggre-

1 college for boys (15 teachers, 145 students), 8 gated $47,999,600, an mcrease of 102% since 1909.

elementary schools for boys, 1 agricultural school Vermont leads all the other States of the Union in the

(2 teachers, 20 pupils)^ 7 boarding schools and schools number of pounds of butter per capita, pounds of

for girls, 13 hospitals m charge of sisters, 3 houses of butter per farm, pounds of butter per cow, and in

nursing sisters and 1 orphanage. The following ratio of dairy cows to population. In 1920 Vermont

public institutions admit the ministry of priests: had 435,480 cattle on farms, or nearly one third of

1 lyceum, 2 colleges, 1 lunatic asylum and 4 prisons, all the cattle in New England. The value of the

priests. Association for the Defense of the Clergy, the marble produced in the United mates. Talc

Association of prayer for living and deceased priests, and granite are also mined. The railway mileage in

Numerous religious and social organisations exist 1919 was 1080; the electric railways in the State

among the laity. covered a total of 102 miles. In 1920 the assessed

value of real property was $187,364,577, of personal

Verena, Saint, virgin of the third and fourth cen- property. $74,736,570. One of the most important

turies, left by her parents at their death, in the care mdustnaJ developments of 1911 was the building of

of the Theban bishop, Chseremon. Upon his martyr- a railroad to the asbestos region in the northern part

dom, she accompanied her kinsman, Victor, of ihe of the State, which contains one of the most extensive

Theban Legion, to Milan, where she lived in the home asbestos deposits in the United States. At the same

of one MaximuB and attended the persecuted and time, there was a movement for the development of

imprisoned Christians. On learning of the martyr- an Internationa] water route by the construction of

dom of Victor at Agaunum with Samt Maurice and canals between Lake Champlain and the Hudson

the whole Theban Legion about A.D. 286, Verena River on one hand, and the St Lawrence River on the

set out to pray at his ^ve on the Rhone, and finally other, surveys being taken for the deepening; of the

settled in sohtary residence amon^ the Alemanni to shallows* in the north end of Lake Champlam.

the north, near what is now the city of Solothum in Rbugion. — ^The latest United States Ceuus of