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 SAIinELO 671 SALVATION ABHY

gentina, suifragan of Buenos Aires. The last ad- and chapels, 304 secular priests, 31 regulars, 112 ministrator of the see was the Rt. Rev. Joseph seminarians, 24 Brothers, 220 Sisters. Gregory Romero. He was bom at Salta, 14 Oct. ,„,«,.. 1862, elected titular bishop of Therm» 18 Feb., Balvatioii Army, The.— The Salvation Army is 1914, and auxUiary bishop of Salta, published 26 an organization, religious and philanthropic in pur- May following, appointed bishop of Salta, 29 Oct., pose, which was formed under the above name m 1914, died 17 Aug., 1919. He succeeded the Rt. 1878, by William Booth, as the result of a defection see is still vacant. According to the statistics of movement being known by various names previous 1920, the diocese contains: 37 parishes, 131 chapels, to 1878. ^ ., . ^i 64 seminarians. !• Doc!TRIne. — Its doctrme is contamed m the
 * Rev. Matias Linares who died 24 April, 1914. The from the Methodist Church in England in 1865, the

"Articles of War," sucteen in number, eight doctrinal, Saltlllo, Diocese op (cf. C. E., XIII — 404), eight, chiefly pledges of personal conduct, which (Doahuila, Mexico, suffragan of Linares, is still gov- constitute the "fighting faith," and in the «med by Mgr. Jesds Maria Echayarria. It has 27 "Doctrines" which contain the "teaching faith." parishes and 1 vicariate or vice-parish: the niunber of Neither of these confessions, however, is considered churches and chapels is greater, for there is hardly a as a strict creed, binding the soldiers to intellectual hamlet or village that has not at least a poor chapel; assent, although the "Articles of War" are signed by the spiritual wants of the diocesans are attended to by each soldier when enlistine. The doctrine of the 34 priests, of whom 7 are re^;ular — ^Jesuits in Saltillo Trinity is accepted; the Bible is viewed as the sole ana Carmelites and Josephites in Torre6n. There Rule of Faith; they reject Galvinistic predestinarian- are 16 communities of Sisters with 62 religious: the ism and hold that Christ died for aU, not merely for Sisters of St. Joseph with 3 hospitals in Torre6n and the elect, and that ample provision is made for entire 1 in San Pedro; Sisters of Charity of the Giood Shep- deliverance from sin bv the salvation of God; sin is herd with a Magdalen Asylum at Saltillo; the Sisters the enemy which the Army is to combat; conversion of the Incarnate Word, of the Good Shepherd, of the from sin is an emotional experience accompanied by Purity of Mary^ and the Guadalupe Sisters engaee in outward manifestations, sucn as the vociferous utter- teachmg; the Sisters of Christian Mercy have orphan- ing of "Hallelujahs" and "Amens," and by the interior ages at Saltillo and Parras. Before 1913 there were assurance of salvation. There are no sacraments, the many other communities of men and women in Coa- administration of Baptism and the Lord's Supper being huUa teaching or exercising works of charity towards discontinued in 1882, the distinctive uniform and the the poor and the sick, but in the late revolution the pledge of the Articles being considered as sufficiently diocese suffered great losses, as for instance the total taking their place. Reli^ous worship consists destruction of the famous Jesuit CoU^e of Saint John, chiefly in "holiness" or experience meetings, a feature The diocesan seminary was disbanded and has not being stirring hymns sun^ to the accompaniment of yet been reorganized, as the Government is using the a band or of some other instrumental music, building for its offices. There are, however, at present Stress is laid upon personal conduct, the soldier 6 boys' schools, 3 colleges and 3 schools for girls with upon his conversion pledging himself to live a Chris- a total of 2600 pupils. Among the social organiza- tian life, to be humane, andto abstain entirely from tions of the laity are: The Catholic Association of intoxicating liquors and all harmful drugs. Self- Young Mexico, the newly-established Catholic Union sacrifice in order to procure the salvation of others of Coahuila; and the Catholic Workingmen's Society is inculcated as a auty at all times, while more in Saltillo, Torre6n, Parras, and San Pedro. Among specifically a week is set aside annually as "self- those who have died in the diocese in recent years denial week," in which all members are wrfjed to mention must be made of Sefior Don Enrique and his make a self-denial offering through saving, thrift and wife Sefiora Dona Trinidad Narro de Maas. They abstention from personal pleasures or luxuries during founded and endowed an orphan asylum which was that period. The Army is chiefly concerned in prac- confided to the Josephite Sisters, but the Sisters have tising the corporal works of mercy, not, however, been (kiven out and the orphanage turned over to lay to the exclusion of the spiritual works of mercy, as directors. They likewise contributed very generously they see the latter.

towards the erection of the new Gothic Sanctuary of There are no ministers or pastors in the Salvation

our Lady of Guadalupe, the most beautiful in Saltillo Army, the commissioned omcers being the nearest

but not yet completed owing to the political distur- approach to such, and women being fufly eligible for

bances. They also gave St. Vincent's Hospital, which any position; there are no churches, understanding

bears the name of the donor, "Enrique Maas, but it by the term edifices set apart for Divine worship,

too is in the hands of the Government. Finally they for the Army property is used indiscriminately for

left an adequate bequest for the foundation of a philanthropic and for devotional purposes — a hall

school of arts and crafts, but it has not been possible may be in the evening a chapel and in the night a

to carry out this plan either. dormitory; in a certain sense there are no congrega- tions, since those who accept the full Army tenets

Balto, Diocese of (Saltensis; cf. C. E., XIII — become themselves workers for the salvation of

406b), in Uruguay, suffragan of Montevideo. The others, even though they be only private soldiers

erection of this diocese did not go into effect until in the Army, while those who do not become active

1019, when the Rt. Rev. Thomas Camacho was ap- soldiers after their conversion usually join some other

pointed to the new see. He was b. at San Jos6 16 church if they persevere.

Feb., 1868, and elected 3 July, 1919. Although tnere are no ministers, yet the or^^aniza-

tion is hierarchical, autocratic, and monarchical in

Saluszo, Diocese of (Salucia, Salutiensis; character. The chief officer is the General (known

cf. C. E., XIII— 406d), in the Province of Cuneo, formerly as the Commander-in-chief), who issues all

Piedmont, Upper Italy, suffragan of Turin. The orders and regulations, to whom unquestioning

present incunibent is the Rt. Rev. Giovanni Oberti, obedience is to be yielded, in whom as trustee is

of the Clerks Regular of the Pious Schools; b. at vested the ownership of all Army property, and who,

Ovada, Italy, 21 Nov., 1862, elected 16 Dec., 1901, himself appointed for life, appoints his own successor,

made assistant to the pontifical throne 20 Feb., Associated with the General at the International

1913. According to the statistics of 1920 the diocese Headquarters in London are the Chief of the Staff,

contained:160,600 Catholics, 92 parishes, 671 churches the Foreign Secretary and the Chancellor. In the

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