Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 17.djvu/419

 INDTTLOENOES 403 INFAMY

po6e4- Those who have obtained from the pope Cominunion may be received on the vigil; or either a concession of indulgences for all the faithful are condition may be fulfilled within the octave follow- obliged to present an authentic copy of the con- ing the appointed day. In like manner the con- cession to the sacred penitentiary, otherwise the fesaion and Commimion required for gaining the concession becomes invahd. New indulgences indulgences granted for the pious exercises of a granted to churches, even to those of regulars, triduum, novena, etc., may be made within the which have not been promulgated in Rome must octave immediately following the exercises. The not be made public without the local ordinary's faitMul who are accustomed to go to confession knowledge; so, too, in publishing in books, at least twice a month unless lawfully prevented, pamphlets, etc., collections of indulgences for or who receive Holy Commimion in the state oi prayers or pious works must the license of the grace with a right intention daily, even though ordinary or of the Holy See be obtained, as is they may refrain once or twice a week, may gam required by the law of censorship. all indulgences without the actual c&nfession an-

Plenary indulgences granted for the feasts of Our nexed as a condition, except indulgences granted Lord or the Blessed Virgin can be gained only on for the ordinary or an extraordinary jubilee or for the feasts that are contained in the universal cal- some similar case. An indulgence cannot be gained endar : so, too, those granted for the feast of an for doing anything that is already enjoined by Apostle can be gained only on the feast commemo- law or precept, unless the contrary is expressly rating his death. A plenary indulgence granted as stated in the concession; however, if in ssteramental quohdiana perpetva or ad tempus (daily and per- confession a work to which perchance an indulgence petually, or temporarily) for visiting a church or is attached is imposed as a penance, it is possible to public oratorv can be gained by each of the faithful, gain the indulgence and perform the penance at on any day, but only once a year, unless it is other- the same time. More than one indulgence may wise expressly stated in the decree. Indulgences be annexed to one and the same thing or place granted for feasts or for pious i)ractices performed on divers groimds; but more than one indulgence for three days, a week, or for nine days, before or cannot be gained for performing one and the same after a feast, or during the octave are transferred work to which the indulgences have been annexed to any day to which the feast has been legally on divers grounds, unless the work enjoined is transferred, if the feast transferred has an office confession and Communion, or unless the contrary with a Mass without solemnity and external cele- has been declared. If prayers for the pope's inten- bration and if the translation, is perpetual, or if the tions are a condition for gaining an indulgence, solemnity and the external celebration are trans- mental prayer alone is not sufficient, but any vocal ferred either temporary or perpetually. If a visit prayer will satisfy the obligation unless a specific to a church or oratory is annexed as a condition prayer has been ordered. U a particular prayer is for gaining an indulgence on any day, the visit assigned the indulgences may be gained no matter can be maae any time between noon on the preced- in what language it is said, provided the fidelity of ing day and midnight terminating the day men- the translation is declared by the sacred penitentiary tioned. If a church to which an indulgence has or by one of the local ordinaries of the place where been annexed is entirely destroyed the indulgence the language is spoken; but any addition, omission, does not cease if the church be rebuilt within fifty or interpolation nullifies the indulgence. For gain- years in the same or almost the same spot and ing indulgences the prayers may be said alternately under the same title. Indulgenced beads or objects by those praying together, or one may say the lose their indulgence only when they are entirely pravers and the other fellow them mentally. If destroyed or«old. without fault on one's part it is impossible to per-

A plenaiy indulgence is so granted, that if one form the works enjoined for gaining an indulgence, a

fails to gain it entirely, he can ^ain a partial in- confessor is empowered to commute them into

dulgence according to hb disposition. A plenary others. Those who are dumb can gain indulgences

indulgence for a siven pious exercise can be gained annexed to public prayers, if they are present with

only once in a day, whereas a partial indulgence the other faithful at the prayers and raise up their

can be gained as often as the exercise is repeated, thoughts and affections to God; in the case of

unless in either case the contrary is expresslv stated, private prayers it suffices for them to repeat them

Unless the contrary is expressly stated inciulgences mentally or peruse them with their eyes,

granted by a bishop can be gained by any one ^^

actually within his diocese. No one can gain indul- Infamy (cf. C. E., VIII-l).— Infamy is the loss gences for another living person, but all papal indul- of one's good name. In canon law infamy is gences are applicable to the dead, unless the con- twofold: (a) infamy by law, that is when the trary is stated. To gain indulgences one must be Church declares one infamous on account of a baptized, not excommimicated, and in the state of crime which he has committed; (b) infamy by act grace at least when finishing the works prescribed ; or of fact, when one owing to his ill deeds loses moreover, one must have at least a general intention his reputation in the sight of prudent serious per- of gaining them and must perform the works pre- sons. Neither species of infamy affects one's kin- scribed at the time and in the manner laid down, dred ; however, the Code provides that a parish Those who for religious purposes or for the sake of priest who lives with relatives who have lost their education or even healtn are living in community ^ood name may be transferred from his parish life in houses erected with the orfinary's consent, if he refuses to send them away. Infamy by law but which have no church or public chapel, and all is incurred ipso facto by those who profane the others living there in their service, may fulfil the sacred species, or who desecrate the bodies or obligation of visiting a church or a public oratory, graves of the dead, or lay violent hands on a when no special one has been mentioned as a pope, cardinal, or papal legate, or who participate condition for gaining an indulgence, by visiting m duels as principals or seconds, or who marry their own domestic cmipel in which they can satisfy a^ain even civilly in disregard of their valid mar- the jprecept of hearing Mass. If confession is a riage bond, or who are guilty of certain immoral condition for gaining an indulgence it can be deeds; it is to be imposed by sentence on recal- made within the octave immediately preceding the citrant apostates, heretics, or schismatics after due day for which the indulgence is granted, and the warning, and on clerics guilty of certain vices.