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power of Mohammedanism (especially in Nigeria), the orgies of paganism, as well as anti-Catholic propacanda particularly rife in South Africa. Treacherous climatic conditions and financial need enhance the hundship of the missionary. This latter was felt especially during the war, due to the cessa- tion of contributions from nations at war. The enlistment of missionary priests and students, the closing of seminaries (Paris, Lyons, Steyl, etc.), left comparatively few to carry on the evangeliza- tion of the African native. Especially did the missions in the former German colonies suffer. The German clergy were deported or interned, and the missions left desolate. In Kamerim the Fallotines were replaced by the Fathers of the Holy Ghost; the prefecture of Adamawa was assigned to the priests of the Sacred Heart; in German East Africa the White Fathers carried on the work of the Bavarian Benedictines. Untrained African minds with difficulty reconciled the war in which they took

Eart with the (xospel of Peace preached to them. »ut in spite of these hardships of war Catholicism flourished. The abandoned missions are regaining their. former prosperity. In Khartum some of the interned priests have returned. That Americans are now fi^nng the task of evangelization is witnessed by the American members of the Holy Ghost Order in Africa, the La Salette priests ordained in 10^ for African missions, and the women who have taken their vows in African sisterhoods. One of the glories of the Chiu^h in Africa is the beatification (6 June, 1920) of the martyrs of Uganda. On the same date three natives of Uganda were ordained priests at Villa Maria and four others received

minor orders. The Congo and Nigeria have each ordained a native priest. In Madagascar the Jesuits have erected a seminary for natives. These native clergy, through their knowledge of languages and cus- toms, as well as their example, are a great help to the missionaries. The catechists also are zealous aids. The leper colonies are a special labor of charity, this dread disease being prevalent along the east coast of Africa. In leaser ailments, curing the body to save the soul is also a great work of the mis- sionaiy. Among the tribes converted in great num- bers to the Church are the Baganda, the Babemba of Rhodesia, and the Kabyles. The king and queen of the Mendes tribe in Sierra Leone are Catholics, as is also the supreme chief of the Basutos,. who recently visited London. In Belgian Congo the missions are flourishing. A special effort is being made to evangelize the schismatic Copts of Egypt, and among the Americo-Liberians and in Nigeria there is great scope for work. On board the ship "Africa" which sank 6 January, 1920, were one bishop, ten priests, six brothers, one seminarian, and one nun, all members of the Holy Ghost Order, bound for Africa. An official document of impor- tance to African missions is the mandate for East Africa recently issued, by the terms of which com-

Slete religious liberty is granted in that territory, lany new vicariates and prefectures have been erected in the last several years. The Catholic missions in Africa are listed in the table below, with date of establishment, title, and the society in charge of each. The table following gives the num- ber of dioceses, vicariates and prefectures apostolic assigned to each society.

CATHOLIC AFRICA

Date of

Date of

Ereo-

Name

Title

Qergy

Erec-

Name

Title

Clergy

tion

tion

Alexandria (1805)

Coptic Patri-

Secular Clergy

1848

Mayotte Islands, No6si-B«, Co-

Prefecture

Fathers of the Holy

archate

Ghost

CcBtuxy

Alexandria

Armenian Bish-

Secular Clergy

mores

•*

opric

1850

Saint-Denis (Re-

Bishoprio

Fathers of the Holy

Hennopoli8(1805)

Coptic Bishop-

Secular Clergy

union)

Ghost

ric

1850

Natal

Vicariate

Oblates of Mary

Thebes (1805)

Ck>ptic Bishop-

Secular Qergy

1852

Port Victoria (1802)

Bishopric

Capuchins

te

ric

1S55

Fernando Po (1904)

Vicariate

Missionaries of the

m

Carthage (1884)

Archbishopric

Secular Qergy

Immaculate Heart

1334

Moroceo (1006)

Vicariate

Franciscans

of Mary Fathers of the Holy

1263

Ceuta (and Cadis,

Bishoprio

Secular C^gy

1858

Sierra Leone

Vicariate

^8**) ,

Ghost

1400

Cananes (Las Pal- mas)

Bishopric

Secular Clergy

1860

Benin

Vicariate

African Missions of

Lyons Fathers of the Holy

1514

Funchal (Madeira)

Bishopric

Secular (^ergy

1860

Zanxibar (Northern

Vicariate

1532

Sfto Thiaffo de Gabo Verde

Bishoprio

Secular Clergy

Zanguebar)

Ghost

1863

Senegambia

Vicariate

Fathers of the Holy

1534

Angra (Azores)

Bishopric

Secular (^ergy

Ghost

15S4

Saint Thomas

Bishopric

Secular Clergy

1866

Oran

Bishoprio

Secular CSergy

1586

Angola and Ck>ngo

Bishoprio

Fathers of the Holy

1866

Ckinstantine

Bishopric

Secular Clergy

Ghost

1868

Sahara [Bamako

Vicariates

White Fathers

1613

Mosambique

Prelaturenullius

Secular Clergy

(1921) and Wagh-

1640

Lower Congo (1865)

Prefecture

Fathers of the Holy

adugu (19201 Cape of (3ood Hope

Ghost

1874

Prefecture

Secular Clergy

1654

Tripoli (Libya, 1913)

Vicariate

Franciscans

(Central)

1879

Upper Cimebasia

Prefecture

Fathers of the Holy

1763

oenegai

Prefecture

Fathers of the Holy

Ghost

Ghost

1879

Gold Cota/L

Vicariate

African Missions of

1813

Cape of Good Hope (Western)

Vicariate

Secular Clergy

Lyons

1879

Zambesia (1905)

Prefecture

Jesuits

1819

Teneriffe (San Ois-

Bishopric

Secular Clergy

1880

Upper CTongo

Vicariate

White Fathers

t o b a I de la

1880

Tanganyika (1886)

Vicariate

White Fathers

Laguna)

1882

Dahomey

Vicariate

African Missions of

1838

Algiers (1886)

Archbishopric

Secular CSergy

Lyons

1888

Absrssinia

Vicariate

Lasarista

1883

Victoria-Ny ansa

Vicariate

White Fathers

1830

Egvpt (Saboon

Vicariate

Franciscans

(1915)

1813

Vicariate

Fathers of the Holy Ghost

1884

Upper Nigeria

Vicariate

African Missions of Lyons

1844

Tananarive (Cen- tral Madagascar)

Vicariate

Jesuits

1884

Orange River (1808)

Vicariate

Oblates of St. Francis of Sales

1346

Gallas

Vicariate

Capuchins

1885

Lower Nigeria

Vicariate

Fathers of the Holy

1840

Sudan (Khartum,

Vicariate

Sons of the Sacred

(1920)

Ghost

1913)

Heart (Verona)

1885

DelU of the Nile

Vicariate

African Missions of

1847

Cape of Good Hope

Vicariate

Secular Clergy

(1909)

Lyons

(Eastern)

1886

Kimberly in Orange

Vicariate

Benedictines of the

1847

Port Louis (Mau-

Bishopric

Fathers of the Holy

Primitive Obser-

ritius)

Ghost

vance