Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 17.djvu/117

 BENSDIOTINli

101

caba, in Brazil; £ndj6, in Bulgaria; Schellenberg, Tutzing, and Weasobrunn, in Bavaria.

Other Benedictine monasteries of nuns under epis- copal jurisdiction may be grouped geographically as follows:

Ammca.~Allegheny, Erie, St. Mary's, Pittsburgh (Penn.); St. Antonio, St. Benedict, Covington (La.); Atchison (Kan.); Bristow (Va.); Chicago (2 convents), Nauvoo (111.) ; Cottonwood (Idaho) ; Covington (Ky.); Crookston, Duluth, St. Josenh (Minn.); Cullman (Ala.); Elizabeth, Newark (N. J.); Ferdinand (Ind.); Guthrie, Sacred Heart (Okla.); Mount Angel (Ore.); JElidgely (Md.); Shoal Creek (Ark.); Sioux City (Iowa); Yankton (S. D.).

British hies, Malta, and Australia, — ^Bicester, East Bergholt, Oulton, Princethorpe (England); East- Cowes, Ryde, Ventnor (Isle of Wight) ; Ypres (Ire- land); Notabile, Victoriosa (Malta); Rydalmere (Australia).

Austria. — Gurk, Salzburg.

Belgium, — ^Blandain, Grammont, Liege, Louvain, Menin, Ostende, Poperinghe.

France, — ^Argentan, Chautelle, Chemille, Dourgne, Flavigny sur Moselle, Lisieux, Mantes, Paris, Plaines, Poitiers, Urt, Valognes, Vemeuil, Wisque.

Germany, — Chiemsee, Eichstatt, Fulda, Tetten- weis.

Switzerland. — Claro, Maria-Rickenbach, Melch- thal, Miinster.

Spain. — Alba de Torm^, Barcelona, Burpos, Cala- tayud, Compostella, Corella, Cuenca, Cuntis, Estella, Gerona, Jaca, La Guardia, Leon, Lumbier, Madrid, MaliMDEk, Metar6, Moral, Oviedo, Palacios de Bena- ver, S. Payo, Sahagun, Sarrea, Toledo, Tortoles, Vallfermoso, Vega de la Serrana.

^o/Zand.--Oofiterhout.

Italy. — ^Arbe, Alcamo, Aquila, Arezzo, Arpino, Ascoli-Piceno (2 convents), Assisi (2 convents), Aversa, Bari, Bastia, Bergamo, Bevagna, Boville Emica, Brindisi, Buggiano alto, Camerino, Castel- fidardo, Castelfiorentino, Castelritaldi, Castel S. Angelo, Cesena, Cherso, Cingoli, Citt^ di Cafitello, Cometo Tarquinia, Fabriano (2 convents), Fano, Fermo, Ferrara, Fiume, Fossano, Fossato di Vico, Lapo, Leenna, Lucca (2 convents), Massafra, Maz- zara del Vallo (2 convents), Modica, Montecatini, Montefiascone, Monterchi, Monte S. Giuliano, Monte S. Giusto, Monte S. Martino, Monte S. Savino. Montone, Montughi, Naples, Norcia, Noto, Ort«, (Jstuni, Pago, Palermo (7 convents), Perugia, Piacenza, Pistoja, Potenza, Picena, Prato, Reggio, Rieti, Rosano, Saebcn, San Benedetto dei Marsi, San Ginesio, Sant' Irata, San Martino, San Serverino, San Severo, S. Vittoria in Mattenano, Sant' Elpidio al mare, Saasoferrato, Sebenico, Senigallia, Sorrento, Spoleto, Subiaco, Tagliacozzo, Terranuova Brac- ciolini, Todi, Trau, Treja, Trevi, Trieste, Urbania, Veelia, Veroli, Zara.

Potend.— Lemberg, Przmysl, Staniatki, Vilna.

The following table cives the total number of monasteries of nuns and the number of religious:

^l

I

'3

2

Britiah Isles and Malta..

Australia

Austria

Belgium

France

Germany

Switserland

Spain

Holland

Italy ,

Poland

Total

10

256

104

42

39

1

13

8

• • •

2

2

M

40

2

8

8

161

83

8

31

14

636

160

19

125

4

124

89

2

38

4

160

14

• « a

25

28

404

122

1

48

1

48

13

3

2

104

050

620

59

209

4

. 52

37

• • •

26

288

8,220

2,079

259

1,121

441

28

104

278

940

253

208

645

66

1338

116

11.670

Under Abbatial jurisdiction Perpetual Adoration of the

Bieased Sacrament

Boiedietine Nuns of Our

Lady of Calvary

Benedictine Nuns of the

Sacred Heart of Mary..

Forrijpi Missions

America

£S5

1^1

I

13

367

161

6

77

44

1,153

484

111

159

8

119

65

• • •

6

5 10 28

102

306

3.216

75

4

11

• a •

• a •

34

72 240

611

1,907

190

222

378

3,460

The Anglican Benedictine nuns of St. Bride, Mil- ford-Haven, were received into the Catholic Church in 1913 and made their solemn profession in 1914. They removed to Talacre Abbey in 1920.

Benefice (cf. C. E., II-473c).— In the Code an ecclesiastical benefice is defined as a juridical entity erected or con^ituted in perpetuity by competent ecclesiastical authority and consisting of a eacred office and the right to receive the revenues arising from an endowment annexed to that office. This endowment consists of property belonging to the juridical entitv itself, or of definite and obligatory payments to be made by a family or morsd per- sonality, or of definite and voluntary offerings of the faithful which accrue to the rector ox the benefice, or of the so-called stole fees within the limits of diocesan taxation or lawful custom, or of choir distributions, excepting a third part of the same if the entire income of the benefice consists of choir distributions. Benefices are divided by the Code into: (a) consistorial, those usually con- ferred in the consistory, and non-consistorial ; the canons in the Code apply only to the latter, except where the contrary is apparent; (b) secular or re- ligious, according as they are bestowed exclusively on secular or religious clerics; (c) double (residen- tial) or single (non-residential), according to the benefice entails the obligation of residence or not;

(d) manual (temporary; removable) or perpetual (irremovable), according as they are conferred re- vocably or perpetually; (e) curata or nonrcurata, according as they entail the cure of souls or not. The law does not consider as benefices: (a) parish vicarships not erected permanently; (b) lay chap- laincies, that is those not erected by competent ecclesiastical authority; (c) coadjutorships with or without future succession; (d) personal pensions;

(e) temporary commenda, that is the concession of the revenues from a church or monastery made to a person with the proviso that on his death the revenues are to revert to the church or monastepr. Parishes are usually benefices and are always in- cluded under that term in the Code.

Benefices may be united or transferred, or divided, or dismembered, or converted, or suppressed. The union is (a) extinctive when a new or a single benefice is formed from two or more suppressed benefices, or if one or more are united to another in such a way that the former cease to be; (b) (BQue principalis, wlien the united benefices remain as they are, neither being subject to the other; (c) minus principalis, when both benefices continue but one is subject to the other. A benefice is (a) transferred when its seat is changed from one place to another; (b) divided, when two or more benefices are made out of one; (c) dismembered, when part of the territory or of the property of a benefice is taken away and assigned to another