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GOTTI

than one thousand altars. He was a most devoted protector of the religious orders, and the confidence placed in him by th(^ Government, was singularly beneficial to the spread of Catholic life. On several occasions during rehgious or national celebrations he spoke of William II in very warm terms, which caused much comment. Greatly attached to the in- terests of workingmen, at the Congress of Liege in 1890 he called for the intervention of the State in matters of labour legislation. Addres-sing himself to the workingmen, he declared "xVspiration towards progress, towards the betterment and preservation of eartlily well-being is deeply enrooted in human nature and does not contradict the Cliristian moral laws." On 13 Nov., 1905, he advised the Catholic miners assembled in Congress at Essen to co-operate with non-Catholic workmen in the discussion of com- mon economic questions. He was likewise the de- fender with the Holy vSee of Christian interdenomina- tional syndicates, whose headquarters were at Miinchen-Gladbach, and he exerted himself to coun- terbalance the influences brought to bear in behalf of purely sectarian syndicates by the Catholics of Ber- lin, the Bishop of Trier, and the Cardinal-Bishop of Breslau.

Kstnische Volkszeitung (August, 1912); Germania (.\ugust, 1912).

Georges Gotau.

Foley, Henry, b. at Astley in Worcestershire, England, 9 Aug., 1811; d. at Manresa House, Roe- hampton, 19 Nov., 1891. His father was the Prot-

estant curate in charge at Astley. After his early education at home and at a private school at Wood- chester, Henry was articled to a firm of solicitors in Worcester, and, in course of time, practised as a so- licitor, at first in partnership with another, then by himself. Under the influence of the O.xford ]\Iove- ment he was led to embrace the Cathohc Faith in 1S40, and five years later, on the death of his wife Anne, daughter of John Vezard of Gloucestershire, he sought admission as a lay brother into the Society of Jesus. Urged to enter as a scholastic and to prepare for the priesthood, he said it was Our Lady's wish tliat he should be a lay brother. For thirty years he occupied the post of lay brother sociiis to the English provincial, during which time he produced his gi- gantic work, "The Records of the English Province of the Society of Jesus" (8 octavo volumes), a compila- tion of immense labour and original research and an invaluable store of historical detail put together with a persevering assiduity rarely found even in the most painstaking of historians. Brother Foley de- serves to share with Father Henry More the title of historian of the Society. He also wrote "Jesuits in Conflict", a work describing the sufferings of some of the English Jesuit confessors of the Faitli. As a re- ligious, Brother Foley was a model of every virtue. His bodily austeritiesjwere remarkable, whOe his spirit of prayer led him at all free moments to the chapel.

Letters and Notices of the English Province, S.J., XXI, 282 sqq.; Litiera annuce prov. anglic. S.J, (1892).

P. J. Chandlery.

G

Gardar, Ancient See op. See Greenland.

Gloria, Laus et Honor, a hymn composed by St. Thcodulph of Orleans in 810, in Latin elegiacs, of which the Roman Missal takes the first six for the hymn following the procession on Palm Sunday (the use to which the hymn was always dedicated). The first couplet,

Gloria, laus et honor tibi sit Rex Christe, Redemptor, Cui puerUe decus prompsit hosanna pium, is sung by chanters inside of the church (the door having been closed), and is repeated by the proces- sional chorus outside of the church. The chanters then sing the second couplet, the chorus responding with the refrain of the first couplet, and so on for the remaining couplets until the subdcacon strikes the door with (he staff of the cross, whereupon the door is opened, the hymn ceases, and the procession enters the church. The words of the refrain ("puerile decus") suggested the assignment of the hymn in the Middle Ages to boy chanters (thus at Salisbury, York, Hereford, Rouen, etc.). The hymn is foundra on Psalm xxiii (Vulgate), 7-10; Psalm cxvii, 26; Matt, xxi, 1-16; Luke xix, 37-38.

Mearns in JuUAN, Diet, of Hymnology (2nd ed., London, 1907). s. V. To this list of tra. add: Donahoe, Early Christian Hymns (New York. 1908); Missal for the Use of the Laity (Ijoadoa, 1903). For the legend concerning ita origin, see AIearns. loc. cif.: Kayser, Beitrage z. Gesch. u. Erktdruno der alien Kirchenhymnen (Paderborn, 1886), 313-322, full tcit and much comment.

H. T. Henry.

Gon2&]ez, Zeferino, Dominican, cardinal, the- ologian, .and philosopher, b. at Villoria in the Province and Diocese of Oviedo, Spain, 28 Jan., 1831; d. at Madrid, in the Dominican Convent of La Pa«i6n, 29 Nov., 1894. On 28 Nov., 1844, in the CoUege of Ocania Gonzdlez entered the Dominican Order, and a year later took his solemn vows. He was sent to Manila in 1848 to complete his studies, and in Jan., 18.53, he was made a lector of philo.sophy. The fol- lowing year he was ordained priest. After teaching

philosophy and theology for many years in the University of Manila, he returned to Spain in 1867, where, the year following, he was elected rector of Ocania College, discharging the duties of this office for three years. In 1874 he was named Bishop of Mdlaga, but, before taking charge of this diocese, he was consecrated bishop of the Diocese of C<5rdova in Oct., 1875. Eight years later he was removed to the archicpiscopal See of Seville, and in Nov., 1884, he was created cardinal by Pope Leo XIII, with Santa Maria sopra Miner\'a as his titular church. In May, 1885, Cardinal Gonzdlez was appointed to the primacy of Spain, was made Patriarch of the Indies, vicar-general of tlie army, and major-chaplain to the royal chapel. After many ye.ars of sjilcndid service Gonzalez, in Dec., 1889, resigned all his offices and dignities, except that of the cardinalate, and retired from active hfe. The remaining five years of his life were spent in study and prayer. He was honoured with medals of Isabella the Catholic and Charles III, he was appointed chancellor of Castile, was chosen as royal adviser, made a member of the Royal .\cademy of Languages, of History, of Political and Moral Sciences, and of the Roman Academy of St. Thomas Aquinas. Among his several works are: "Estudios sobre la filosofia de Sto Tomas"; "Estudios re- ligiosos, politicos y sociales"; "Philosophia elemen- taria"; "Historia de la filosofia"; "La Bibha y la ciencia"; "La infahbilidad pontificia" (pamphlet): "Di.scurso de recepci6n en la .\cademia Espanola (pamphlet); "Discurso de rccepri6n en la Aca<lemia de Ciencias politicas v morales" (i)araphlet).

Ada Cap. Ord. Prad. CRome. 1885); Hurter, Nomencl. lit.. Ill (Innsbruck, 1895), 1499; VioiL, La orden de medicadoret (Madrid, 1884), 297.

Chas. J. Callan.

Gotti, Vincent Lotns, cardinal and theologian, b. at Bologna, 5 Sept., 1664; d. in Rome, 18 Sept., 1742. He received part of his early education from the .Jesuits, .and at the age of sixteen entered the Dominican Order. He so excelled others in the