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 TRIVENTO 63

rrithemii opera histoiica" (Frankfort, 1601). This ollection, however, did not inchide the two famous olio volumes, published in 1690 under the title of 'Annates Hirsaugiensis". Trithemius also wrote ateresting contributions on points of natural science, hen much debated, and on classical literature. The [Uestion whether he, hy citing two otherwise unknown lUthorities (Megiahard and Kunibald), was guilty f intentional forgery, is still under debate b}' some ritics. Surely the inscription on his tomb testifies o the truth:

Hanc meruit statuam Germaiiae gloria gentis Abbas Tritliemius, quem tegit ista domus The Abbot Trithemius, the glory of the German race, j'hom this house covers, merited this statue).

SiLBERNAGEL, Joh. Tritkemius (Landahut. 1868); Ruland in ^hiliancum, new ser., I, 45-68 (Bonn, 1869) ; Schneeqans, Abt, 'oh, Trithemiuji u. Kloster Sponheim (Kreuznach, 18S2) ; Janssen-

BTOB, Geschichte des Deulschen Volkes. I (Freiburg, 1897).

Nicholas Scheid.

Trivento, Diocese of (Triventensis), in south-

im Italy, The earliest bishop was St. Castus of an

mcertain epoch, the local legend assigning him to

'''ho fourth century. Other bishops were: the monk

.CO, intruded anil deposed by .4gapetus I (946);

Vlfcrius (1109); the Franciscan Luca (1226), exiled

\v King Manfred; Pietro dell' Aquila (1.34S), noted

or his learning; Giulio Cesare iloriconda (1582),

vhii restored the cathedral, rearranged the archives,

\ni| erected a seminary; Alfonso ^Ioriconda (1717),

) S I?., a learned prelate who restored the cathedral

mi the episcopal residence. The diocese is suffragan

• ■neventum; it has 58 parishes with 130,000

160 secular priests, and three religious houses.

llletti. Le chiese d' Italia, XXI (Venice 1844). 469.

U. Benigni.

Trivet, Xicholas, or Trevet as he himself wrote t, b, about 12.58; d. 1328. He was the son of Thomas Trevet, a judge who came of a Norfolk or Somerset amily. He became a Dominican in London, and studied first at Oxford, then at Paris, where he first Mok an interest in English and French chronicles. Little is known of his life except that at one time he was prior of his order in London, and at another he was teaching at Oxford. He was the author of a large lumber of theological and historical works and com- nentaries on the classics, more especially the works of Seneca. A large number of these exist in MS. in irarious libraries, but only two appear to have been jrinted, one being the work by which he is chiefly •emembered, the chronicle of the .\ngevin kings of Eng- and, the other w;is the last twelve books of his com- nentan,' on St. .Augustine's treatise "Decivitatedei". The full title of the former work is "Annales sex re- ^m AnglifE qui a comitibus .\ndegavensibus originem raxerunt", an important historical source for the )eriod 11.36-1307, containing a specially valuable ac- count of the reign of Edward I. Trivet also wrote a chronicle in French, parts of which were printed by Spelman, and from which Chaucer is believed to have derived the "M.an of Law's Tale". His theological works include commentaries on parts of the Scripture, a treatise on the Ma.ss and some writings on Scholastic theology.

Hog, preface to Triret's Chronicle, Eng. Hist. Soc. (London 1845): Trivet, Annatrs sex Regum Anglia (Oxford. 1719); Hardt, Desrriptize Calalooue (London, 1871); KtNosFORD in Diet. Nat. BioQ., with exhaustive list of MSS.; Chevalier, Repertoire des sources hisloriques du moyen dge (Paria, 1905), gives

list of earlier references.

Edwin Burton.

Trivium. See .\rts. The Se\t;n Liberal.

Troas, a suffragan of Cyzicus in the Hellespont. The city w;is first called Sigia; it wxs enlarged and embelhshed by Antigonus, who peopled it with in- habitants drawn from other cities, and sumamed it

TROKELOWE

Antigonia Troas (Strabo, 604, 607); it was finally en- larged by Lysimachus, who called it Alexandria Troas (Strabo, 593; Pliny, V, 124). The name Troas is the one most used. i"or having remained faithful to the Romans during their war against Antiochus, Troas was favoured by them (Titus Livius, XXXV, 42; XXXVII, 35); it became afterwards Colonia Alex- .andria Augusta Troas. Augustus, Hadrian and the rich grammarian Herodes Atticus contributed greatly to its embellishment; the aqueduct still preserved is due to the latter. Juhus Ca;sar and Constantine the Great thought of making Troas the capital of the Roman Empire. St. Luke came to Troas to join St. Paul and accompany him to Europe (Acts, xvi, 8-11); there also many of St. Paul's friends joined him at another time and remained a week with him (Acts, xx, 4-12). A Christian community existed there and it was at that place that Eutychus was resuscitated by the Apostle. He mentions his sojourn there (II Cor., ii, 12), and he asks Timotheus to bring him his cloak and his books which he had left with Carpus (II Tim., iv, 13). St. Ignatius of .4ntioch stopped at Troas be- fore going to Rome (Ad Philad., XI, 2; Ad Sinyrn., XII, 1). Several of its bishops are known: Marinus in 325, Niconius in 344, Sylvanus at the beginning of the fifth century; Pionius in 451, Leo in 787, Peter friend of the patriarch Ignatius, and Michael, his adversary, in the ninth century. In the tenth cen- tury Troas is given as a suffragan of Cyzicus and dis- tinct from the famous Ilium (Gelzer, " Ungedruckte., . . Texte der Notiti;p episcopatuum", 552; Idem, "Georgii Cyprii dcscriptio orbis romani", 64); it is not known when tlie city was destroyed and the dio- cese disappeared. To-day Troas is Eski-Stambul in the sanjak of Bigha.

Le Quien, Oriens christianus, I, 777; Texier, Asie mineure (Paris, 1862), 194-97; Lebas-Waddington. Asie mineure. 1035- 37, 1730-40; Pault-Wissowa, Real-Encyclopadie fur das. Alter- tumswissenschaft, s, v. Alexandria Troas.

S, Vailhe.

Trobec, J.^mbs. See Saint Clodd, Diocese of.

Trocmades (Trocmada), titular see of Galatia Secunda, suffragan of Pessinus. No geographer or historian mentions a city of this name; Hierocles (Synecemus, 698, 1) gives "regio Trocnades", in- stead of PeyervoKmda, referring, doubtless, to the Ga- latian name of some tribe on the left bank of the Sangarius; its principal centre was probably in the present village of Kaimez, about twenty-four miles east of Eski Shehir, a vilayet of Broussa. .\11 the " Notitia; episcopatuum " up to the thirteenth century mention the see TpoK/iiSwp among the suffragans of Pessinus; the two most recent (thirteenth centurj') call it Aarivov; perhaps it should be UXutIvov, from St. Plotinus, venerated there. The official lists of the Roman Curia give Trocmada;. Le Quien (Oriens christianus, I, 49.3), gives Trocmada. From these erroneous forms arises a confusion of the name with the Galatian tribe of Trocmi. The last named author gives a list of the known bishops: Cyriacus, who repre- sented his metropolitan at the Robber Synod of Eph- esus (449), and was represented by a priest at the Council of Chalcedon (451); Theodore, present at the Council of Constantinople (681); Leo, at Nica;a(787); Constantine at the Photian Council of Constantinople (879). CjTiacus, said to have assisted at the Council of Nicaea (325), is not mentioned in the authentic lists of bishops present at that council.

S. PfiTRiofcs.

Troia. See Ldcera, Diocese op.

Trokelowe, Throwlow, or Thorlow, John de, a monastic chronicler still living in 1330, but the dates of whose birth and death are unknown. He w;is a Benedictine monk of St. Albans who in 1294 was liv- ing in the dependent priory of Tynemouth, North-