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ZAsins

Zara (Jadeha), Archdiocese op, in Dalmatia. Zara has been a diocese since a. d. 381 and since 1146 an archdiocese. Its succession of bishops numbers eighty without noteworthy interruption. Bishop Sabinianus is mentioned in the "Register" of Gregory the Great. In one of his letters John VIII names St. Donatus as patron of Jadera. Archaeologists find in

south-east of Set if in Algeria, crown an emi- nence which commands all the cotmtry on the left bank of the Oued Taourlalent, which the Arabs in the Middle Ages called Oued Zaraoua; remains of a Byzantine citadel and of two Christian basihcas are j'et visible. Two bishops of Zarai are knomi: Cresconius, present at the Conference of

Zara many traces of ecclesiastical sculpture with Ger- Carthage, 411, where he had as a rival the Donatist

man characteristics dating from the migration of the German tribes. The Church of St. Donatus is the most important structure of its period preserved in Dalmatia. The massive dome of the rotunda is sur- rounded by a vaulted gallery in two stories which also extends around the three apses to the east. Zara was the capital of Byzantine Dalmatia, but the fact that an example of Carlovingian architecture is found there shows that Zara must once have belonged to the Franks and explains the visit of Bishop Donatus to Charlemagne in Die- tenhofen. Since Zara belonged to Venice the bishops of Grado have exercised patri- archal jurisdiction over it. In 1270 Patriarch jEgidius summoned Arch- bishop John with his suffragans to t h e Council of Gradd where they were, however, represented by deputies. Arch- bishop Nikolaus III of Zara was present at the synod con- vened by Cardinal Guido of St. Cecilia at Padua in 1350. Twenty constitutions were p u b 1 is h e d , chiefly against the

evil life of the clergy and the power of the laity as used against the clergy and church property. Worthy of high respect was ^gidius of Viterbo who governed the archdiocese for two years. In the first session of the

Rogatus; and Adeodatus, e.\iled by Huneric after the Conference of Carthage, 484, and who died in exile for the Faith.

Smith, Did. of Greek and Roman Geog. s. v.: Mvlleb, Notes a Ptolemy, ed. DiDOT, I, 611; Toulotte, Geographie deVAfrique chritienne. Numidie (Paris, 1894), 348-SO; DiEHL, VAfrique byzantine (Paris, 1896), 252.

S. PETRIDfes.

Zarlino, Gioseffe, Italian musical theorist, b. at Chioggia in 1.517; d. at Venice, 4 Feb., 1.590. He studied for the Church and was ordained deacon in 1.541, but became so devoted to music that he placed him- self under the direc- tion of \\'illaert at Venice. In 1564 he was elected successor to di Rore as first maestro di ciippilla at St. Mark's, Venic^e, a position he held till liis death. One of his earliest composi- lii)iis was an ode for the victory of Le- panto, 7 Oct., 1571. Between the years 1566 and 1578 he composed seven masses and madri- gals. In 1582 he

The Cathedral, Zara

was made a canon of Chioggia, and in the fol- lowing year was elected bishop of that see, but declined the honour. He was buried in San Lorenzo, Venice, and, though his monument has Fifth Lateran Council he says: " Homines per sacra disappeared, his bust is in the doge's palace. A immutarifasestnon sacra per homines" (Man must be medal was struck in his honour while still alive, changedby what is holy, not what is holy by man). He His principal title to fame is his work as a musical

had also the courage to address the following words to the warhke Juhus II, whosought to increase the posses- sions of the Church. " That the states of the Church number a few thousands of inhabitants more or less, matters not, but it does matter greatly that its mem

theorist. He published three remarkable treatises at Venice, between the years 1558 and 1589. He only admitted twelve modes, beginning with the Ionian, thus practically laying the foundation of our present major and minor scales. His theories were disputed

bers be pious and virtuous. The Church knows no by his pupil, Galilei; Zarlino was, however, right. He weapons other than faith, virtue, and prayer", suggested the division of the octave into twelve semi- Archbishop Godeassi attended the Synod of Vienna in tones, and also equal temperament for keyed instru- 1849. Peter Alexander Maupas was present at the ments, Vatican Coimcil. The Archdiocese of Zara has: n*^"°^ 86,000 Catholics, 150 secular priests, 5 religious '^^^ta houses for men with 20 inmates, 4 religious houses for women with 23 inmates.

Farlati, lUyrici Sacri torn.: Ecclesia Jaderina, V (Venice, 1775). 1-181; Theiner, Monum., 74, 76, 99, 109, 113 eq. 116, 131, 152, 188, 311, 404, 539; Gams, Series epp.. 425 sq.

COLESTIN WoLFSGRtJBER.

Zarai, titular see of Numidia in Africa, men- tioned by the "Itinerarium Antonini", 35, and by the "Tabula Peutingerii". Ptolemy (IV. 2) calls it Zara- tha, and wrongly places it in Mauretania Ca?sarien-. sis. It is probably the Zaratha of Apuleius (Apolo- court at Freiburg; in 1.503, legal adviser to the uni-

Diet. of Miisic and Musicians (New York, 1910). 8. v.; DuNSTAN, Cyclopadic Diet, of Music (London, 1909).

W. H. Grattan-Flood.

Zasius, Ulric, a famous jurist, b. at Constance in 1461; d. at Freiburg, 24 Nov., 1536. After studying at Tubingen he first became episcopal notary at Con- stance, then town clerk at Baden in Aargau in 1489, and at Freiburg in 1493. From 1496-9 he directed the Latin school at Freiburg. In 1499 he studied law at the University of Freiburg, was appointed lecturer of rhetoric and i)oetry there in 1500 and professor of jurisprudence in 1.506. In 1,502 he was also clerk of

gia, 23). These two forms and the term "Zarai- tani" found in an inscription (Corp. Inscript. Lat. 4511) seem to indicate that the name Zarai which appears on another inscription (Corp. Inscript. Lat. 2532) must have lost, a final dental letter. The ruins of Zarai, called Uensbir Zraia, to the

versity; and in 1.508, imperial councillor. Applying the tendencies of the Humanists to jurisprudence, he scouted the strained and barbarous comments of the glossators and endeavoured to restore the genuine text. It was iirobably due to the literary contro- versies which he had with Eck, that he at first fav-