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WISEMAN

bon and Marthe Obrecht. What the famous Abb^ de I'Epee considered aknost impossible has been successfully accompUshed by Sisters St. Medulle and Marguerite, and is zealously continued by the Daugh- ters of Wisdom. Marie Heurtin herself has been very serviceable in teaching her similarly afflicted com- panions. The deaf-mutes of Larnay manufacture, under the direction of their teachers, church vestments which experts have declared to rival the products of the atehers of Paris and Toulouse. A unique religious congi-egation, "the Little Rehgious of Our Lady of the Seven Dolours", sprang from the Larnay Institute. It was founded in 1849 for the deaf-mutes of Larnay by Canon de Larnay, and approved by Cardinal Pie. Since 1898 it has been affiUated to the Daughters of Wisdom. Their rule has been approved by Pius X. Belgium. — In 1846 the Daughters of Wisdom crossed the French frontier and settled at Tournai. Of the establishments of the congregation on Belgian soil, the principal ones are located at Tournai, Antwerp, Brussels, and MaUnes. Holland. — In 18S0 the Daughters of Wisdom made their first foundation at Schimmert, Limburg, in the Netherlands, where they have since opened a boarding-school, a novitiate for the Dutch Province, and a kindergarten. Among their other establishments in Holland are schools at Rotterdam (in 1905) and an institute for defective children at Druten.

Itnly. — The Hospital Sant' Andrea, Genoa, with its branches San FiUppo and Coronata; houses in Rome, Turin, Gorno, Nettuno, and San Remo. The novitiate of the ItaUan Province at San Giorgio (Monferrato).

Switzerland. — Establishments at Sonnenwj-l and Bonnefontaine. Denmark. — Establishment at Ros- kilde. Hayti. — 1871, the number of establishments to-day is 45, with 250 teachers and muses. Colombia. — Houses at Villavicencio (1905), Medina (1906), and Gachala (1911). Central Africa. — In the Vica- riate ApostoUc of Shire, houses at Nugludi and LTtale. England. — (1) Abbey House, Romsey, Hampshire (1891), 17 sisters, 80 orphan boys. (2) La Sagesse Convent, Golder's Green, London, N. W., boarding- school and day-school. (3) La Sagesse Convent, Grassendale, Liverpool, a juniorate destined to recruit English-speaking members for the congregation. The Sisters also visit the poor and take care of them in their homes. Evening school for girls; 15 sisters. (4) Our Lady of the Sacred Heart, Moorfield Convent, Preston (1905), an orphan home for girls, who are taught domestic science; also a home of retreat for ladies (21 sisters). (5) Our Lady's Convent, Gates- head-on-Tyne (1906), boarding-school and day-school, 14 sisters, 80 pupils. (6) Romsey, near de Montfort College, of the Company of Mary, one house; the sisters have charge of the kitchen, laundry, hnen- room, and infirmary of the college.

Canada. — (1) In Ontario: Cumming's Bridge, near Ottawa, the provincial house of the Canadian prov- ince, and a novitiate for English and Frenoli-sjieaking young ladies. Also, a boarding-school and the paro- chial schools. Other houses: Sturgeon Falls, Blind River, Cyrville, Alfred, and St. Thomas Lefai\Te. (2) In Quebec: Montfort (1884), Huberdeau, St. Jovite, St. Agathe des Monts, Papineauville (2 houses), Ch^n^ville, Grenville, and two hospitals in Montreal; St. Justine, for children ; St. H^lfene. Also domiciliary visiting of the poor. (3) New Brunswick: Edmunds- ton, a boarding-school and a day-school. (4) Alberta: Red Deer, Castor, and Calgary.

United States. — Maine: St. Agatha, a high school, a boarding-school and day-school, and a hospital at Grand Isle; parochial schools. New York: Ozone Park, Long Island, Our Lady of Wisdom Academy, boarding-school, day-school, and parochial school; 27 sisters, 80 boarders. Here they admit little boys up to the age of ten. Port Jefferson, St.

Charles' Home for bhnd, crippled, and defective children; 30 sisters, 2.'i0 inmatr«.

Blessed Louis-Marie Grnr ' 1' '/or( (London, 1892), 11,

pa.'*sim: Life and Select 11/ \'nerable servant of God,

Louis-Marie Grignion <l, .; .,, l.'.ndon, 1870), 322-30; Texier, Marie-Louise de J,_^u.^, jutinitit superieure de la Congri- gallon de la Sagesse (Pans and IVitlcrs, 1901). 310-21; FoN- TENEAU, Histoire de In. Congregation de la Sagesse (Paris and Poi- tiers. 1878): Arnould, Vne Arne en Prison (Paris. 1904); Con- stitution des Filles de la Sagesse (Rome, 1905) ; additional informa- tion from Le Bulletin Trimestriel and Lettres Circutaires of the Superiors-General of the Company of Mary and of the Daughters of Wisdom.

John H. Bemelmans.

Wiseman, Nicholas Patrick, cardinal, first Archbishop of Westminster; b. at Seville, 2 Aug. 1802; d. in London, 15 Feb., 1865., younger son of James Wiseman, a merchant of Irish family resident in Seville, by his second wife, Xaviera Strange. On his father's death in 1805 he was taken to Ireland by his mother, and after two years at school in Water- ford was, with his brother, placed at Ushaw College, Durham, founded seventeen years previously, where the distinguished historian John Lingard, Wiseman's Ufelong friend, was then vice-president. At Ushaw Nicholas resolved to embrace the fife of a priest, and in 1818 he was chosen as one of the first batch of students for the English College in Rome, which had just been revived after having been closed for twenty years owing to the French occupation. Soon after his arrival he was received in audience, with five other English students, by Pius VII, who made them a kind and encouraging address; and his next six years were devoted to hard and regular study, under the strict discipline of the college. He attained dis- tinction in the natural sciences as well as in dogmatic and scholastic theology, and in July, 1824, took his degree of Doctor of Divinity, after successfully sus- taining a public disputation before a great audience of learned men, including at least one future pope. Eight months later, on 19 March, 1825, he was ordained priest. His particular bent had always been towards SjTiac and other Oriental studies, and this was en- couraged by his superiors. The learning and research evidenced in his work, "Horse SvTiacae", which appeared in 1827, estabhshed his reputation as an Oriental scholar. Already vice-rector of tlie English College, and thus enjoying an official status in Rome, he was named by Leo XII, soon after the publication of his book, supernumerary professor of Hebrew and Syro-Chaldaic in the Sapienza University, and soon found himself in communication, by letter or other- wise, with aU the great Orientahsts of the day, such as Bunsen, Scholz, .\ckermann, and Tholuck.

By the pope's wish he imdertook at this time a course of English sermons for the benefit of English visitors to Rome, and in June, 1828, while still only in his twenty-sixth year, he became Rector of the English College. This position gave him the status of official representative of the English Catholics in Rome, and brought many external duties into his life, hitherto devoted chiefly to study, lecturing, and preaching. Noted as a linguist — "he can spe.ak with readiness and point", wrote Newman of him some years later, "in half-a-dozen languages, without being detected for a foreigner in any one of them" — he received and entertained at the college distinguished visitors from every Eurojiean country, and was equally popular with them all. Gladstone, New- man, ilurrell Froude, .Archbishop Trench, Macaulay, Monckton-.Mihies, and Manning were among the emiiii'Ml luighshmen who made his acquaintance during the twelve years of his rectorship; and he had nuich interesting intercourse also with l.amen- nais, then bent on his scheme of reconciling Democ- racy with Ultramontanism, and his devoted friends Lacordaire, Montalembert, and Rio. Father Igna- tius Spencer, afterwards the famous Passionist, who entered the English College in 1830, had much to