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 WINSLOW

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WINZET

Shanlev of Fargo, he was consecrated in the cathedral at St. Paul, 27 December, 1SS9. He died in Winona, 27 June, 1909. When the diocese was formed, Bishop Cotter had 45 diocesan priests and 4 rehgious. There were 45 churches with resident pastors, 49 mission churches, 15 stations, and 19 parish schools, attended by 2650 pupils. At his death in 1909 there were in his diocese, 85 diocesan priests and 7 religious; 72 churches with resident priest; 44 missions with churches; 8 stations; 28 parish schools, attended by 4630 pupils. As second Bishop of Winona, P'ius X, on 4 March, 1910, selected the Rev. P. R. Hcffron, rector of the St. Paul Seminary. Born in New York City in 1860, he spent his boyhood near Rochester, Minnesota. He was ordained on 22 Dec., 1884, and became pastor of the cathedral, St. Paul, in 1889. In 1896 he was made vice-rector and in the following year rector of the St. Paul Seminary. On the day of his consecration as Bishop of Winona, 19 May, 1910, six bishops were consecrated for the Province of St. Paul. Bishop Heffron was installed at Winona, 24 May, 1910. As a monimient to the memorv of his predecessor he erected in \Mnona (1911) 'the "Cotter School for Boys", of which the Christian Brothers have charge. In the fall of 1911 work was started at Terrace Heights, Winona, on the foundation of a coUege for young men. Bishop Hef- fron has likewise established a diocesan journal en- titled "The Winona Courier", which is pubUshed monthly at Winona.

ITpHAM. Minnesota in Three Centuries, I (St. Paul. 1908); Reuss, ifi'off. Cydopedin (Milwaukee, 1898); Sadlier's Directory (1890); The Official Catholic Directory (1909); Acta et Dicta, pub- lished bv St, PaulCath. Hist..Soc.;//is(. o/ Winoiia CouM;/ (1883) ; R.vvocTC. Memoirs (St. Paul, 1892) ; von Pakisch, Die Si. Peter u. Paul's Cemeinde in Mankato (1899); Jubilee Booklet, St. Felix Church (Wabaaha, Minnesota, 1908).

John P. Sherman.

Winslow (WiNSLOw), Jakob Benignus, physician and anatomist, b. at Odense, Denmark, 27 April, l(iC)9; d. in Paris, 3 April, 1760. He finished his high- school studies at Odense in 1(587, and then attended the University of Copenhagen, where he studied philosophy and theolog>'; later he chose the medical profession and obtained the degree of B.M. in 1694. Receiving a royal scholarship, Winslow went for his further training to foreign countries in 1697, and to Paris in the spring of 1098. While here he became ac(iuainted with the Catholic religion. A thorough study of the controverted questions, which he had undertaken to strengthen himself in the Lutheran faith, brought him into the Church. Bos- suet himself received his confession of faith, 8 Oct., 1699.

His conversion made his return to Denmark impos- sible. Disregarding economic difficulties he con- tinued his medical studies under Duverney, and in the autumn of 1704 received, free of expense, the degree of Hcentiate. In 1711 he married Maria Catharina Gilles, by whom he had a .son, who died j'oung, and a daughter. In 1721 he was made professor of surgery, in 1723 interpreter of German at the royal library, in 1728 regent of the medical faculty, and in 1743 professor of anatomy and surgery at the Jardin du Roi. The chief reason why Winslow did not gain this professorship until so late in hfe, notwithstanding his eminent qualifications, wa.s his outsi)oken opinions in opposition to .lansenism, which had brought down on him the enmity of the entire body of professors at the Sorbonne. In 1745 he opened the anatomical theatre, which had been built under his supervision. Besides his duties as profes.sor, Winslow had a large practice at several hospitals and, in addition, number- less private patients, among whom was Louis XIV up to the time of his death in 1715. Winslow also found time for scientific investigations. His most noted publication is the "Exposition anatomique de la Structure du corps humain" (Paris, 1732; London,

1733), which was translated into all civilized lan- guages, and spread his reputation throughout the whole of Europe. As earh' as 1708 he was made a member of the Academy of Sciences at Paris; later he became a member of the Academy at Berlin. On his grave- stone in Saint -Etienne du Mont is the inscription: "Ortu et genere nobilis, nobilior virtute et doctrina".

Ghandjean de Fouchy, Elogc dr M. Winslow in Histoire de I'Acadimie des sciences (Paris, 1766); Portal, Histoire de I'ana- tomie et de la chirurgie, IV (Paris, 1770), 466-90; NyERUP, Om de Ifcrde Winslocer isar om J. B. Wmslov og hans Apostasie in Det skandin. Litteralursetskabs Skrifter (Copenhagen, 1815), 133-237; Ben'dz, Aulhentiske Efterretninger om Jak. Ben. Winslovs Over- gang til den calhotske Kirke in Indhi/delsesskrift til den offentl. Ezamcn i Horsens Ucrde Skole (July, lMt;i, ?.-<ii Kordisk Kirke- tidende (Copenhagen. 1881), 337 sti I hhm\ r« prosilj/te de Bossuet; J. B. Winslow ia Revue du rl- . l:il)2), 113-39;

Metzler, Jak. Ben. Winslow in A'^r. / • Inth. Kristne

(Copenhagen, 1910), 227 sqq.; Maah, /. - ' II n;nsl6v

som Videnskabsmand og Ltcge in Dari^k klu ' 'ij^en-

hagen. 1910), 145-76; RiSmusat, Vn omu- l;,rue

de Paris (1910-1911), 839-50; Metzi.kr. A ilms-

lowerncs Slfegtshistorie in Personalhistori./: i _ _ _ k upcn- hagen, 1911), 42-58.

Philipp VON Kettenbdrg.

Winwallus, S.\int, Abbot of Landevennec; d. 3 March, probably at the beginning of the sixth century, though the exact year is not known. There are some fifty forms of his name, ranging from Wynwallow through such variants as Wingaloeus, Waloway, Wynolatus, Vinguavally, ^'ennole, \'alois, Ouignoualey, Gweuno, Gunnolo, to Beunnoc. The original form is undistinguishable. In England the commonest are Winwalloc or Winwalloe; in France, Guenole or Guingalois.

His father, Fracan, was a British chieftain who fled before Saxon invaders to Brittany, where the saint was born. After considerable difficulty in overcoming his father's objections, Winwallus entered the religious hfe under the guidance of St. Budoc on the Island of Laurels near Islcvcrte. After residing here for .some time he determined to go to Ireland to place himself under the great St. Patrick, but was deterred by a dream in which that saint appeared to him forbidding the journey, but telling him he must soon leave .St. Budoc. Accordingly he set out with eleven companions, and, after a time spent in extraor- dinary austerities on the Island of Tibidi at the mouth of the River Aven, finally settled at Lande- vennec, where he founded a monastery on a rocky headland not far from Brest. After his death many miracles were ascribed to him. His body was carried to Flanders at the time of the Norman forays. Relics were preserved at Montreuil-sur-Mer (where a church was dedicated to him under the name of St. Walow), at St. Peter's at Ghent, and elsewhere. His tomb was to be seen in the church of Landevennec up to the beginning of the nineteenth century. The Abbey of Landevennec became Benedictine in the ninth century, and was in the hands of the Congrega- tion of St. Maur at the final suppression. St. Win- wallus's feast is kept on 3 March, and that of his translation on 28 April. His name has been pre- served in the dedications of churches in the Anglican parishes of Wonastow in Monmouthshire (where he is known as St. Wonnow), and of Gunwalloc, St. Cleer, and Landewednack in Cornwall. It has been suggested that the last-named parish got its name from some monastic dependency of Landevennec.

Acta SS., I March. 245; Gammack in Diet. Christ. Biog., s. v.; GrfBiN, Petits Bollandistrs, III, 133; ,\hnouj-FoB8TEr, .Studies in Church Dedications, II (London, 1899), 284.

Raymund Webster.

Winzet, Ninian, Benedictine abbot and con- troversial writer, b. at Renfrew, Scotland, 1518; d. at Ratisbon, 21 Sept., 1.592. Educated (probably, though not certainly) at Glasgow University, he was ordained priest in 1.540, and about 1551 became master of Linlithgow grammar .school, and a little later provost of the collegiate church of St. Michael. When John Knox's "rascal multitude" was devas-