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 WAGES

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WAKASH

it is chiefly known by the voluminous commentary of Father Slanuel La Reguera (2 vols, in fol., Rome, 1740-45). In his notice of the author La Reguera also ascribes to him a "Life of Sister Mary of Jesus". Godinoz certainly left notes on this servant of God whom he had directed, but it does not seem that they were ever pubUshed.

Aleqhe, Hist, de la C. de J. in Nueta Espatla, II, 122, 123, 247; La Reguera, loc. cit.; Sommervogbl, Bib. S. J.; Uriarte, CaMlogo razonado de obras anonima^ y seudonimas, n. 456S.

Ernest M. RrvifeRE. Wages. See Compensation.

Waire, Venerable, English friar and martyr, hanged, drawn, and quartered at St. Thomas Water- ings in Camlierwell (a brook at the second milestone on the Old Kent Road), 8 July, 1539. All authorities agree that there were four martyrs at this time and place, and all agree that one of them was the Vicar of Wandsworth, Surrey. It is certain that the name of the last was John Griffith, generally known as Ven. Jolm Griffith Clarke, and that he was chaplain to Henry Courtena}', Marquis of Exeter, who was executed. 9 December, 153S, or 9 January, 1538-9, and that he was also Rector of Dolton, Devon. Stow is the only person to mention "Friar Waire". Sander speaks of "a monk whose name was Mayer"; but he wrote in Latin and his work was printed abroad. It is clear that Waire was a friar, for both Wriothesley and Lord Lisle's ser\'ant, John Husee, speak of two friars as having suffered nith Griffith. Of the two unnamed martyrs we know that one was a priest and Griffith's curate or chaplain at Wandsworth. The other was either a friar, as Wriothesley and Husee say, or one of Griffith's servants, as is asserted by Stow and Sander. It is possible that Friar Waire is to be identified with Thomas Wjtc, one of the signatories to the surrender of the Franciscan friary of Dor- chester, 30 September, 1538. However it is uncertain to what order he belonged. If he was a Franciscan it is remarkable that his death is not recorded in the "Grey Friars' Chronicle", and that no mention is made of him in such English Franciscan martjTol- ogists as Bourchier or Angelus a S. P>ancisco.

Gairdner. LeUers and Papers Henry VIII, XIII (London, 1893), ii, 183; Gairdner and Brodie, Z,e«frs,e(<;., XIV (London, 1894). i, 403, 455. 486, 549; Lewis. Sander's Rise and Growth of the Anglican Schism (London. 1877), 141; Wriothesleu's Chron- icle, ed. Camden Soc, I (Westminater, privately printed, 1875- 7), 101; Stow, Annales (London, 1615). 576.

John B. Wainewright.

Waitzen (Vicz), Diocese of (Vaciexsis), in Hun- garj% suffragan of Gran, probably founded by King St. .Stephen. Nothing is definitely known about the year of foundation or the first bishops, whose names were Clement, Lazarus, .and Aaron. It is said that L.azarus was bishop from 1075-77. In 1102 lived Bishop .Stephen, and beginning with Maroellus (110.5- 19) the series of bishops is uninterrupted. Among the bishops of Waitzen in earlier times are particularly notable: Johannes de Surdis (1363-73), ambassador of King Louis I to Italj' in 1369, later on Archbishop of Gran; Vincent Szil.assy (1450-73), a member of the embassy which brought the newly-elected King Matthiiis Cor\nnus from Prague to Waitzen; Wladis- law Szalkai (1514-23), chancellor of King Louis II and afterwards Archbishop of Gran; Martinus Pethe (1582-86), transferred to Kalocsa. Among the late bishops are mentioned: Sigismund Kolonits (1709- 16), transferred to Vienna, and first .Archbishop of Vienna; Count Michael Althann (1718-34), sent :is viceroy to .Sicily by Emperor Charles VI, and after- wards cardiniil; Count Christopher Migazzi, car- dinal and Archbishop of Vienna, twice Bishop of Waitzen (1756-57; 1762-82); Augustimis Rosko- vdnyi (1851-.59), an eminent theological WTiter, trans- ferred to Neutra in 1859. He wjis succeeded by Anthony Peitler, 1859-85, who founded the librarj' at Waitzen. Since 1900 Count Charles Csaky

is bishop. In 1514, when the Turks conquered Waitzen, the chiipter ceased to exist, but was re- established in 1700. The diocese includes pjirts of the counties of Nogrdd, Pesth, Csongrdd, and Jdsz- Nagykun-Szolnok, and is divided into tliree arch- deaconries and nineteen vice-archdeaconries. Within the diocese are five titular abbeys, four pro- vostships, and six titular provostships. The chapter has twelve canons and six titular canons. The number of parishes is 123; that of the clergj', 266. The right of patronage is exercised by 44 patrons. The diocese includes 7 mon;isteries and 12 nunneries, with altogether 232 inmates. The Catholic popula- tion is 757,827.

Desericius. De episaypatu Vaciensi historia (Budapest. 1770); Prat, Specimen hierarehim HungarvB, II. 330-358; Schematismua episcopatus Vaciensis pro 1911; A katolikus MagyaTorsqdg (Buda- pest. 1902), in Hungarian.

A. AldAst.

Wakasll Indians, a linguistic family inhabiting the western ro.ist of British Columbia from 50° 30' to Garden Cliannel, and the west and north- west of Vancouver Island, as well as a small region around Cape Flattery, Washington. They comprise several tribes, speaking separate dialects, of which the three most important are the Hailtzuk, Kwakiutl, and Nootka. The Indian name Wakosh (Waukash, good) was given by one of the early ex-jjlorers who believed it to be the tribal appellation. In cultiu'e the Wakash closely resemble their neighbours the Salishan on the south and the Tsimshian on the north; physically and linguistically they are akin to the former. Juan de Fuca was probably the first white man to meet the tribe, and Juan P^rez visited the Nootka in 1774. After 1786 EngUsh mariners frequently sailed to Nootka Sound; in 1803 the crew of the American ship "Boston" were almost all killed by these Indians. In 1843 the Hudson's Bay Com- pany estabhshed a trading post at Victoria, and since then there has been constant communication with the natives, but with the usual result that the immorahty of the whites, in conjunction with the ravages of smallpox, has brought about a gradual decrease in the Indian population. In 1903 they numbered about 5200, of whom 2600 were in the West Coast Agency, 1300 in the Kwakewlth Agency, 900 in the North West Coast Agency, and 410 at Neah Bay Company, Cape Flattery. In 1909 they numbered 4584, including 2070 Kwakiutl and 2494 Nootka. The latter have embraced Catholicism; though the missions have been successful among the northern Kwakiutl, the southern branch chng to their Shamanistic practices.

The Wakashan were excellent mariners, and went out on the ocean to hunt for whales. Their diet was mainly fish, varied with berries and roots. They were good wood-carvers, though not so skilful as the Haida and Thingit. Their dwellinga were large cedarwood structures, erected near the shore, each accommodating several famihes. The Kwakiutl, who lived on both sides of Queen Charlotte Island, consisted of twenty tribes, the Kw,akiutl proper dwelling near Fort Rupert. They are con- servative, antl are respected by the neighbouring Indians a-s the gu.ardians of the priestly rites. The Heiltruk Kwiikiull reckon descent by the female line. Head-flattening was common on Vancouver Island. Secret .societies flourished among the tribes, initiation being .accompanied by fea.sting, torture, ,, vigils, and making presents to all who attended the ceremony. The highest society, the hamatna or cannibal society, was composed solely of those who had passed eight years in a lower organization. The Nootka, consisting of twenty-three tribes, dwell on the .shores between Cape Cook on the north and Port .San Juan on the south, .and include the Makah Indians at Cape Flattery. The latter call themselvea