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mill tho best prosorvpd of all the old mission churrhcs 111 America. The buildings have been completely nslorcd (100(}-10) by the Bisho)) of Tucson. The i'apaf^o lni|i:ins, iu whose midst stands the San Xivicr nussioii. have received uiiinterrui)(ed care from the clergy of Tucson. In 1S(J6 the Kev. J. B. Sal]iinte founded there a .school, which has since bren maintained, with the Si.sters of St. Josei)h in charge, by the clergy of Tucson, at the expense of th(> parish. That school was the first established in Arizona for the Indians.

I iRTEGA, Historia del Nayarit, Sonora, Sitiatoa, y ambas Cali- fonnas (Mexico. 1887); Rudo Enmyo, tr. Guij-eras, in Am. Calh. Ihsl. .Soc, V (Philadelphia. June, 1894), no. 2; Joly, Hisloire de la ri'nipngnie de Jesus^ V (Paria, 1859). ii; .\rricivita, Crnnica ^> I lifira del apostolico colegio de Querrtaro: Salpointe. Soldiers of Ihr Cross (Banning, 1898); Engelhardt, The Franciscans in Ari:oria (Harbor Springs, 1899); Diary of Francisco Garces, tr. Coi-ES (New York, 1900).

Henry Gr.\njon.

Tucuman, Diocese of (Tucumanenris), suffragan in Buenos Aires, erected from the Diocese of Salta on 1.' February, 1897, comprises the Province of Tucu- TiKin (area 8926 sq. miles; population 32.5,000), in the north-west of the Argentine Republic. The first and jircsent bishop, Mgr. Pablo Padilla y Barana (b. at Jiijuy, 25 Jan., IS-IS), was consecrated titular Bishop of Pentacomia (17 Dec, 1891), transferred to Salta, (I'.t Jan., 1893), and to Tucumdn (Ki Jan., 1898). The episcopal city, Tucumdn, or San Miguel de Tucu- iii:in (popidation 80,000), is situated on the Rio I'ulcc, 780 miles north-west of Buenos Aires, and was founded in I.'jGo by Diego de Villaruel; a Jesuit college was opened there in 1586. In 1680 Tucumdn re- jilacod Santiago del Estero as capital of the province. The Spanish forces were utterly defeated at Tucu- iiKui in 1812 by the Argentines under Belgrano, whose siatup has been erected in the city to commemorate t hi' victory. One of the most interesting monuments in Tucumdn is Independence Hall, wdiere the Argen- tine delegates proclaimed (9 July, 1816) the Rio de la Plata provinces free from Spanish domination. Of till' twenty-seven members forming this National Con- gress fifteen were priests (as were two other delegates who were unavoidably absent, and the secretary of tlic assembly, Jose Agustin Molina, later Bishop of (amaco in parlibus and Vicar Apostolic of Salta); two of the fifteen were afterwards raised to episcopal rank — -Jos^ Colombres (Salta) and Justo Santa Maria dr Oro (Cuyo). It is to be noted that the See of C'lrdoba, founded in 1570, was generally referred to in the seventeenth century as that of Tucumdn (( '('irdoba de Tucumdn).

On 21 January, 1910, the Province of Catamarca (area 47,531 sq. miles; population 107,000), which till thru had been a vicariate forane of Tucumdn, was cr "cted into a separate see under Mgr. Bernabe Piedra- liii'iia (b. at Tucumdn, 10 Nov., 18(33; consecrated iiMilar Bishop of ("estrus and coadjutor to Mgr. r I lillo, 31 May, 1908; transferred to Catamarca, s Xov., 1910). Before the .separation, Tucumdn had \'i parishes, 67 churches and chapels, and Catamarca 1" parishes, 96 churches and chapels; there were 111 secular priests, a-ssisted by Dominicans, Franci.s- r ins, and Fathers of Our Lady of I>ourdes; there was a 1 iiriliar seminary with 3 students of philosophy and lio rhetoricians; 7 theological students were studying a' I'.iienos .\ires and the Collegio Pio-Latino, Rome; lii alilition there were two Catholic colleges at Tucu- mdn and (me at Catamarca; there were communities of the Hermanas K.sclavas. Dominican, Franciscan, Good Shepherd, and Josejihine Sisters. A Catholic daily i>aper is published at Tucumdn and two Catho- lic weeklies at Catamarca. k large number of the parishes have the usual Catholic sodahlies and con- fraternities. Workingmen's circles are established in the two episcopal cities. Catamarca (San Fernando de Catamarca), lying 230 miles north-north-west of

Cordoba, contains S(XX) inhabitants. It was founded in 180 by Fernando de Mendoza. The National College, which has a chair of mineralogy, is located in the old Mereeil ( 'onvent. Most of the inhabitants of the Province of ( 'atamarca are mestizos, descendants of the Quilene, Cilian, Andagala, and (iuafare In- dians. Cholla (a suburb of Catamarca) is inhabited by Calchaqui Indians, but Spanish is now the only language si)oken.

UssHER, Guia eclesidstica de la Republira Argentina (Buenos Aires, 1910).

A. A. MacErlean.

Tudela, Diocese op (Tutel.b, Tutelensis), in Spain. The episcopal city has a population of 9213. Tudela was taken from the Moors by Alfonso el Batallador (the Fighter) in March, 1115, and in 1117 he obtained the Fuero de Sobrarbe. In 1121 the king gave the mosque and the tithes of several towns to the prior and ecclesiastical chapter of Tudela and built the Church of Santa Maria, where a community of Canons Regular of St. Augustine was established, the ecclesiastical authority of Tudela being vested in its abbot and prior. In 1238 the i)riory was raised to the dignity of a deanery, the first dean being D. Pedro Jimenez and the second D. Lope Arcez de Alcoz. The latter obtained from Alexander IV in 12.58 the ring and mitre. In the sixteenth century the deans of Tudela obtained the use of "pontificalia", a favour granted by Julius II to the dean D. Pedro Villal6n de Calcena who had been his chamberlain and who held the deanship for twenty-seven years. The rivalry between the deans of Tudela and the bishops of Tarazona and the di.s.satisfaction of the kings owing to the fact that until 1749 the ajipointment of the dean was not subject to the royal i)atronage, a fact finally accomplished in 1749, induced the Council and the Royal Chamber to petition for the erection of Tudela into a diocese, which was done by Pius VI in the Bull of 27 March, 1783. The first bishop was D. Francisco Ram6n de Larumbe (1784). He was succeeded (1797) by D. Sim6n de Casaviella L<5pez del Cast illo, who during the war of independence saved Tudela from severe measures of retaliation ordered by the French general Lefevre. The third bishop was D. Juan H anion Santos de Larumbe y Larravoz (1817), and the fourth and last D. Ram6n Maria Azpetitia Saenz de Santa Maria (1819), who founded the Seminary of Santa Ana in a former house of the Jesuits. The seminary was re-established in 1x46 in a former Carmelite convent. The last bishop died at Viana on 30 June, 1844.

The Concordat of 1851 suppressed this diocese, since which time it has been administered by the bish- ops of Tarazona on whom the title of Administrator Ai)ostolic of Tudela has been cimferred. The cathe- dral dedicated to Nuestra Seiiora de la Blanca dates from the end of the twelfth and the beginning of the thirteenth century. It has a very notable fji^ade. There are in Tudela a college of the Jesuits, chari- table institutions conducted by the Sisters of Charity: the ho.spital of Nuestra Senora de Graqia, founded in the sixteenth century by D. Miguel de Eza; the Real Ca.sa de Misericordia founded by Dona Maria Hugarte in 1771 and the "Hospitalillo" for orphan children founded in 1.596 by D. Pedro Ortiz.

Madrazo, Navarro y LogroHn in Espafta, sus monumentos y arles: III (Barcelona, 1886); de la Fuente in Espana sagrada, I (Madrid. 1866).

Ram6n Ruiz Amad6.

Tuguegarao, Diocese of (TuGrEGARAONENsi.s), in the Phili|ipines, is situated in the north-eastern section of the Island of Luzon, and embraces the three civil Provinces of Cagayan, Isabela, and Nueva Vis- caya, and the two groups of the Batanes and I$abuy- anes Islands. It was erected on 10 April, 1910, being separated from the ancient Diocese of Nueva Segovia, erected in 1595. For two hundred years the seat