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subject to the Capuchin Friars Minor are four con- gregations with 5100 members. The Third Order Regular comprises two houses of brothers at Clara and Farragher, and eleven in the Archdiocese of Tuam, all devoted to educational work. At Drum- shambo the sisters of the order have a convent where perpetual adoration is maintained day and night. There is also one convent of the Franciscan Mis- sionary Sisters of Mary.

Franciscan Annals (Pantasaph, North Wales), a monthly magazine; Franciscan Monthly (Forest Gate. London): various details will be found in Thaddeus, The Franciscans in England (London, 1898) and in the statistical tables published yearly in Acta ord. ff. min. and Analecta ord. ff. min. capp.

Father Cuthbert. IX. Third Order Regular of St. Francis, in THE United States. — A. Congregations of Men. — (1) Province of the Sacred Heart of Jesus of the Fathers of the Third Order Regular of St. Francis. In 1847 Bishop O'Connor of Pittsburgh obtained from the Irish congregation six brothers, who founded a monas- tery and college at Loretto, Pennsylvania. Pius IX, by a Rescript of 12 Nov., 1847, erected this founda- tion into an independent congregation under the obedience of the Bishop of Pittsburgh. This congre- gation in 1908 joined the Italian congregation, and together with the community at Spalding, Nebraska, which in 1906 had joined the Italian congregation, was erected into a province, 24 Sept., 1910. Houses, 4; colleges, 2; religious, 62; novices, 5. (See below.)

(2) Congi'cgation of the Franciscan Brothers, of Brooklyn, New York. Founded 31 May, 1858, by 2 brothers from the Irish congregation, Pius IX, by a Rescript of 15 Dec, 1859, erected it into an indepen- dent congregation. The ordinary of the Diocese of Brooklyn is the superior-general, and governs the con- gregation through a provincial superior with an assis- tant and seven consult ors, chosen by the brothers from among themselves for a term of three years. Brothers, 67; novices, 8; academy, 1; college, 1; schools, 14; pupils, 9875. (See below.)

(3) Congregation of the Brothers of the Poor of St. Francis Seraphicus. Founded 25 Dec, 1857, at Aachen by John Hoevcr for the protection and educa- tion of poor, homeless boys, it was introduced into the United States in 1866. Brothers, 43; novices, 5; postulants, 3; candidates, 13; homes for boys, 2.

B. Congregations of Women. — (1) Sisters of the Third Order Regular of St. Francis: — (a) Congrega- tion with mother-house at Oldenburg, Indiana. Founded in 1851 by Rev. F. J. Rudolf, its rules and constitutions were approved by the Holy See. Sisters, 536; novices, 41; postulants, 7; schools, 67; pupils, 12,273. (b) Congregation with mother- house at Mt. St. Clare, Clinton, Iowa. Founded in 1867 by Rt. Rev. Bishop Lavialle of Louisville, Kentucky. Sisters, 130; novices and postulants, 40; hospital, 1; schools, 16; pupils, 2590.

(2) Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis:— (a) Congregation with mother-house at Glen Riddle, Pennsylvania. Founded by the Ven. John Nepo- mucene Neumann, C.SS.R., Bishop of Philadelphia, who on 9 April, 1855, invested three devout women, Marianne Bachmann (Mother M. Francis), Barbara Boll (Sister M. Margaret), and Anna Dorn (Sister M. Bernardina), with the habit of St. Francis. In 1896 the mother-house was transferred from Phila- delphia to Olen Riddle. This congregation is divided into three provinces. Houses, SO; sisters, 818; novices. 4S; postulants, 15; academies, 4; seminaries, 2; ori)!ian asylums, 9; hospitals, 12; schools, 42; schools for Indians and negroes, 8. By and from this congregation were established (i) Congregation with mother-house at 337 Pine Street, Buffalo, New York in 1S61. Sisters, 277; novices, .30; i)oslulants. Hi; asylums for aged, 3; s(rhols, 30; pu)iils, (i.'ilO; iir|)han asylum, 1; hospitals, 2. From this inngnnalion were founded («) Congregation with mothir-liuuse at Mt,

Alvernia, Millvale Station, Pennsylvania, in 1868. Sisters, 210; novices, 17; postulants, 13; schools, 14; pupils, 6429; orphan asylum, 1; hospital, 1; home for ladies, 1. O) Congregation with mother-house at Mt. Hope, Westchester Co., New York, 1893. Legal title: Sisters of St. Francis, Conventuals of the Third Order of the M.I.V. Sisters, 182; novices, 19; postulants, 9; academy, 1; schools, 6; (ii) Congre- gation with mother-house at St. Anthony's Convent, Syracuse, New York, 1862. Sisters, 173; novices, 9; candidates, 6; schools, 17; pupils, 4.500; hospitals, 3; home for aged, 1; home for children, 1; convents at Hawaiian Islands, 4. (b) Congregation with mother- house at St. Francis's Hospital, Peoria, Illinois; founded in 1867 by Rt. Rev. John L. Spalding, Bishop of Peoria, and sisters from the House of Bethlehem, Herford, Germanv. Sisters, 163; novices, 38; postulants, 26; hospitals, 10; patients, .5320. (c) Congregation with mother-house at Tiffin, Ohio. Founded in 1867 by Rev. J. L. Bihn. Sisters, 56; novices, 9; postulants, 4; hospital, 1; orphan asylums, 2; homes for aged, 2; schools, 13. (d) Congregation with provincial house at Peekskill, New York. Founded by Mother M. Gertrude and two sisters from the general mother-house, Gemona, Italy, who, at the request of Rev. Andrew Feifer, O.F.M., came to this country in 1865. Sisters, 284; novices, 18; postulants, 15; academy, 1; schools, 18; day nurseries, 3; institution for destitute children, 1; home for working girls, 1; children in charge of sisters, 7768. (e) Congregation with mother-house at Bay Settlement, Wisconsin, founded 6 Dec, 1867. Sisters, 35.

(3) Sisters of St. Francis: — (a) Congregation with mother-house at St. Elizabeth's Convent, Allegany, New York. Founded in 1857 by Very Rev. Pamfilo di Magliano, O.F.M. .Sisters, 300; novices, 25; postulants, 12; schools, 11; hospitals, 2; homes, 4. (b) Congregation with mother-house at St. Francis's Convent, Dubuque, Iowa. Founded in 1876 by Mother Xaveria Termehr and sisters from the house of Bethlehem, Herford, Germany, who on account of the infamous "May laws", were compelled to leave Germany. Sisters, 399; novices, 34; postulants, 20; orphan asylums, 2; industrial school, 1; academy, 1; home for aged, 1; schools, 43; pupils, 6829. (c) Congregation with mother-house at St. Joseph's Hospital, Maryville, Missouri. Founded with the approbation of Rt. Rev. M. F. Burke, Bishop of St. Joseph, Missouri, in 1894. Sisters, 45; novices, 7; postulants, 1; hospitals, 6. (4) Sisters of St. Francis of Penance and Christian Charity: — Congre- gation with mother-house at Stella Niagara, near Lewiston, New York. Established in 1874 by Mother M. Aloysia and three sisters from Nonnenwerth, near Roiandseck, Rhenish Prussia, Germany. Sisters, 253; academies, 5; schools, 18; pupils, 6348; orphan asylum, 1; Indian schools, 2; pupils, 577; foundUng- house, 1.

(5) Franciscan Sisters: — (a) Congregation with mother-house. Grand Avenue and Chippewa Street, St. Louis, Missouri. Founded in 1872 by sisters from the general mother-house at Salzkotten, Ger- many. Sisters, 224; hospitals, 6; schools, 1; orphan asylums, 2; house of providence, 1; convent, 1; (b) Congregation with mother-house at Mill Hill, London, England, for coloured missions. Introduced into the United States in 1881. Sisters, .58; industrial school, 1; parochial schools, 4; pupils, 765. (6) Sisters of St. Francis of the Sacred Heart: — Con- gregation with mother-house at Mercy Hospital, Burlington, Iowa. Sisters, 22; hospital, 1. (7) Franciscan Sisters, Minor Conventuals: — Congre- gation with mother-house at St. Joseph's Convent, Buffalo, New York. Sisters, .58; novi<'es. Id; postu- lants, 21. (S) Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis of Assisi, M,C.;— Congregation with mother-