Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 14.djvu/565

 TENERIFFE

507

TENIERS

NotitisB episcopatuum", 559; "Georgii Cyprii De- scriptio orbis romani ", 83), Tenedos was raised to the I rank of a metropolitan see shortly after the death of jAndronicus III in 1341 (Gelzer, "op. cit., 601; 608). j In 1342 it had already become such (Miklosich and Miiller, op. cit., I, 230). In October, 1368, the metro- politan See of Tenedos was given to the metropoli- tan of Peritheorium in Thrace (op. cit., I, 501). In a " notitia " of the fifteenth century the see is no longer mentioned.

Hemmer, Respublica Tenaiiorum (Copenhagen, 1735): Smith, Did, 0/ Grefk and Roman Geog., a. v.; Lacroi-x, Iks de la Grtce, (Paris, 1853), 338-47; Cdinet, La Turguie d'Asie, I, 490-97.

S. Vailh6.

Tenerifle, Diocese of (Tenerifen.sis), .suffragan of Seville, formerly called Ni\-aricnsis from Nivaria, the ancient name of the island (Pliny, VI, xxxii; Filippo Bergamo, XVI, " sup. chronic"). Teneriffe, which is situated in the centre of the Canary Archi- pelago, is the principal, most fertile, and most popu- lous of the islands. It contains the famous Pico de Teyde (Peak of Teneriffe), the ancient Mount At- lante, rising 12,200 feet high, a guiding point for sailors since the time of the Phoenician Hercules. This diocese comprises the Islands of Tenerifife, Palma, Gomera, and Ferro (Hierro), is situated be- tween 13" and 16° W. long., and has belonged to Spain since the time of its conquest, 1402-1496. Teneriffe was the last of the Canary Islands to sur- renifer; more Spanish blood was shed in its conquest than in the subjugation of the empires of the Incas and Montezuraas. In the battle of Acentejo alone 900 of the 1120 who composed the conquering army were lost. The aborigines, of the Guanche race, were, however, quick to assimiliate the manners and the customs of the conquerors, and if this island were the last to surrender, it was soon the centre of the political and military organizations, although not of the eccle- siastical, because of the unex^pected translation of the first see in the Canaries from Rubic6n on the Island of Lanzarote to Las Palmas of the (iran Cauaria.

The people, however, through their representatives petitioned the Cortes of Cadiz (14 Sept., 1813) for their own ecclesiastical administration. It is inter- esting to note that it was one of these representatives, who, being at Philadelphia in 17.S8, urged through the Nuncio Vincenti the establishment of the first Catho- lic diocese in the United States of America (Diario de las Osrtes de Cadiz sesion de 18 de Enero de 1813). As a result of their petition an auxiliary bishop was appointed in 1816, and the Diocese of TenerifTe was erected in 1819 by the Bull of Pius VII dated 1 Fcb- ruarj-, 1818, the Church of Los Remedios at San Cris- t6bal de la Laguna being designated as the cathedral. In 1S23 the Nuncio MastaiFerreti, during his voyage to Chile, was imjiressed by the importance and the necessity of this see, and on this account when later a.s Pius IX he was obliged by the Concordat of 1851 with Spain to suppress it, he did so with regret, and in 1876, when certain concessions and modifications of this concordat were solicited, one of the conditions for granting them was the restoration of this see. This was granterl, but, as the Bull of suppression had never been issued, Homo w:us not obligeil to take any steps for the re-establishment. In the ninety-two years of its existence, besides the vicars capitular who have administered the diocese during the time of vacancies, the following bishops have governed the see: Fol- gucras Si6n, first bishop, academician, author of various works, including a translation of Juvenal (182.5-48); Lluch and Urquinaona, bishops of Gran Canaria, as administrators Apostolic (182.5-48); In- fante Macias, author of a volume of sermons (1877- 82); Cervera Cervera (1882-4); Torrijos G6niez (ls8S-<»4); and since 1804 the present bi.shop, Mgr. Nicolds Rev Reilondo, who was born at Melgar de Fernamental, Burgos, Spain, on 6 Jan., 1834, or-

dained in 1860, appointed to this see on 21 May, 1894, and consecrated at Burgos, 9 Sept., 1894.

The diocese numbers 208,000 souls, and has a cathe- dral, fifty-nine parishes, a seminary, 6 religious com- munities of men: Missionaries of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, 1; Lazarists, 3; Christian Brothers, 2; and 14 houses of women: Dominicanesses, 1; Fran- ciscanesses, 1 ; Conceptionists, 1 ; Assumptionists, 1; Teaching Sisters of St. Dominic, 2; Servants of Mary, 3; Franciscan Hospitaller Sisters, 1; Sister.s of Charity, 3; Little Sisters of the Poor, 1. A Catholic daily, "Gaceta de Tenerife", and the official bulletin, "Buletin oficial del obispado de Tenerife", are pub- lished in the diocese. Among the notable personages who are natives of this island may be mentioned the Ven. Jos6 Anchieta, apostle of Brazil, and Ven. Pedro Bethancourt, founder of the Bethlemites, a hospitaller order of Latin America. It has also given two mar- tyrs to the Church, Fray Luis de Agiiirre, Augustin- ian, in Guecija, Granada, and the Jesuit, Pedro Par- rado de Le6n, in Japan, three archbishops, and ten bishops, six to America and four to Europe. Among the notable buildings may be mentioned the cathedral rebuilt by the present bishop, the parochial churches of La Concepci6n of Laguna, and those of Santa Cruz, Orotava, and Realejo-bajo, Garachico and Icod on the Island of Teneriffe, and Salvador on the Island of Palma, all containing art works of merit. The pul- pit of the cathedral, carved in marble, and that of La Concepci6n, a wood carving, bear comparison with those of the churches of Brussels.

ViERA Y Clavijo, Noticias de la hist., gen. de las Tslas Canarias (Madrid, 1772-3), I, iii, 244, 284; II, ix, 208.255; IV, xviii, 423, 489; Nunez de la Pena, VII, 50; XI, 81; Millares, His;, gen. de las Islas Canarias (Lag Palmas, 1893) ; The Canarian, or Book of the Conquest and Conversion of the Canarians in the year 1402^ by Messirc Jean de Bdthencourt, composed bj/ Pierre Bonder, Monk, and Jean Le Verrier, Priest, tr. and ed. with notes, Major (Lon- don, 1872).

Josfi RodrIgdez Moure.

Teniers, David, the name of two eminent Flemish landscape painters; the elder, b. at Anlwerj) in 1.582;

UilO;

d. there in 1649; 1 1 d. at Brussels in 1694. Of these two men, the younger was by far the greater, eclipsing in skill the work of his father. Teniers the elder was the son of a mercer. .Julian Teniers, and w.as brought up and trained by his elder brother. He entered for a whilr the school of Ru- bens, later on vis- ited Italy, and studied under El- sheimer in Rome. He returned to his own country in 1606 and spent the rest of his life David Teniers, the Younger

at Antwen), paint- Engraved from a self-portrait

ing landscajie pictures, illustrations from rural sports, and some cl.assical and historical scenes. His son, David Teniers the younger, was one of four broth- ers, David, Julian, Theodore, and Abraham, and he in his turn had a son and a grandson named David. Nothing whatever is known of the per- sons who t;iught the younger Teniers; in all prob- ability he w;is brought up in his father's studio, although it has been stated by some writers that he worked under Rubens, or under Brouwcr. He