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SINIGAGLIA

by fierce pagan tribes, for whose conversion the Jesuits laboured early in the seventeenth century. After having subdued and evangehzed the Indians of the mission of Piaxtia in a comparatively short time, and after having turned over to the Bishop of Durango the settlements under their control, the Jesuits ex- tended their domination over the Indians living in the northern part of the actual state and at the time of their expulsion (by decree of Charles III) they fruit- fully administered the missions of Chinipas and Sinaloa. In Chinipas they had residences at Guasa- rapes, Santa Ana, Secora, Moris, Barbaroco, Santa Ines, Serocagui, Tubares, Sateb6, Baborigame, Nabogame, and San Andres; in Sinaloa (misi6n del Fuerte) they had residences at Mocorito, Nio, Guazave, Chicorato, Mochicave, Batacosa, Conicari, Tehueco, Ocoroni, and Bacubirito. It is notable that the towns of the misi6n del Rio Yaqui, which now belong to the Diocese of Sonora, were then in- cluded in the mission of Sinaloa. When the See of Durango was founded in 1620, Sinaloa, which until then had belonged to the Diocese of Gua- dalajara, became part of it; on the foundation (1780) of the Diocese of Sonora, it became a part of the latter. However, the resi- dence of the bishop, after ha\ing been successively at Aris- pe and Alamo, passed to Cuhacan, capital of Sinaloa until 1883, when Leo Xllt founded the Diocese of Sinaloa, which had formed part of the ecclesiast ical prov- ince of Guadalajara, and the Bishoji nf Sonora removed to Hermosillo. Inl8iJl, when the new archi- episcopal See of Durango was created, Sinaloa be- came one of its suffragans.

The diocese has 1 seminary with 18 students; 10 parochial schools; 3 colleges with 677 students.

Mexico d Irnrcs ije hs -sidlos, II (Barcelona): Davila, Cotitinu- acidn de In hisloria de la C. de J. en Nueva Espafia (Puebla. 1S89).

Camillus Crivelli. Singleton, Hugh. See Shrewsbury, Diocese of.

Sinigaglia (Senigallia), Diocese op (Senogal- LiBNsis), m the Province of Ancona in the Marches (Central Italy). The city is situated on the Adriatic at the mouth of the Misa, which divides it into two parts. Maritime commerce, the cultivation and manu- facture of silk, agriculture, and cat tie- raising form the means of support of the population. The fortifica- tions constructed by the dukes of L'rbino and by the popes still remain in part. Among the churches, besides the cathedral, that of Santa Maria delle Grazie (1491) without the city walls deserves men- tion; it pos-se-sses a Madonna with six saints by Peru- gino, and another Madonna by Piero della Francesca. The name Senigallia records the Senones, a tribe of Gauls who po.ssessed this city before its conquest by the Romans. The latter founded a colony here called Sena Hadria, but later the name most com- monly used was Senogallia or Senigalha. In the Civil War (b.c. 82) it was sacked by Pompey, then one of Sulla's generals. It Wiis pillaged a second time by Alaric, a.d. 408. Under the Byzantine rule it belonged to the so-called Pentapolis. Several times in the sixth and eighth centuries the Lombards

attempted to capture it, and, in fact, shortly before the city was bestowed upon the Holy See it was the seat of a Duke Arioldo, who in 772 owed allegiance to King Desidcrius. It afterwards shared the vicissi- tudes of the March of Ancona, and at the end of the twelfth century was the scat of a count. In the wars between the popes and P'rederick II it belonged for the most part to the party of the Guelphs, for which reason it sustained many sieges, and was in 1264 sacked by Pcrcivale Doria, captain of King Manfred. Hardly recovered from this calamity, it fell into the power of Guido di Montefcltro (1280). In 1306 it was captured by Pandolfo Malatcsta of Pesaro and remained in his family, notwithstanding that they were expelled by Cardinal Bertrando du Poyet and later by Cardinal Albornoz (135.5). In 1416 Ludo- vico Aligliorati of Fermo and the cities of Ancona and Camerino formed a league against Galeotto Malatesta, and captiu'ed Sinigaglia, but they after- wards restored it. In 1445 it was taken by Sigis- mondo Malatesta of Rimini, who also secured the investiture from Eugenius IV and fortified the city.

After various vicissitudes Sinigag- lia was (1474) given in fief to Giovanni della Rovere, a neph- ew of Sixtus IV. He married the last heiress of the duchy of Urbino, of which the city thus be- came a part (1508). In December, 1502, Sinigaglia, which had thrown open its gates to CiEsar Borgia, was the scene of the celebrated treacherj- by which Borgia rid himself of his enemies, the petty lords of the Romagna. In 1624 it came under the immediate suzerainty of the popes. In 1683 Turkish pirates disembarked and plundered the city. Sinigaglia was the birth- place of Pius IX and B. Gherardo di Serra (four- teenth century). The patron saint of Sinigagha is St. Paulinus, whose body is preserved in the cathedral (as is attested for the first time in 1397). He is, therefore, not identical with St. Paulinus of Nola, nor is it known to what epoch he be- longs. The first bishop of .certain date was Venantius (.502). .\bout 562 the bishop was St. Bonifacius, who at the time of the Lombard invasion was mar- tyred by the Arians. Under Bi.shop Sigismundus (c. 590) the relics of St. Gaudentius, Bishop of Rimini and martjT, were transported to Sinigiiglia. Other bishops of (he diocese are: Robert us and Theodosius (1057), friends of St. Peter Damianus; Jacopo (1232- 1270), who rebuilt the cathedral which had been de- stroyed in 1264 by the Saracen troops of King Man- fred; Francesco Mellini (1428), an Augustinian, who died at, Rome, suffocated by the crowd at a consistory of Egenius IV. Under Bishop -Antonio Colombella (1438), .an Augustinian, Sigismondo Malatesta, lord of Sinigaglia, .ingereil by his resistance to the destruc- tion of certain houses, cau.sed the cathedral and the episcopal palace to be demolished. The precious materials were transported to Rimini and were used in the construction of S. Francesco (le,mpi/> Malates- liano). Under Bi.shop Marco Vigerio della Rovere (1513) the new cathedr.al w.os begun in 1.540; it was consecrated in 1595 by Pietro Ridolfi (1591), a learned