Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 13.djvu/88

 RIMOUSKI

58

RIMOUSKI

Flamminia, and here began the Via ^Emilia that led to Piacenza. Augustus did much for the city and Galla Placida built the church of San Stefano. When the Goths conquered Rimini in 493, Odoacer, besieged m Ravenna, had to capitulate. During the Gothic wars Rimini was taken and retaken many times. In its vicinity Narses overthrew (553) the Alamanni. Un- der Bvzantine dominion it belonged to the Pentapolis. In 728 it was taken with many other cities by the Lombard King Liutprand but returned to the Byzan- tines about 735. King Pepin gave it to the Holy See, but during the wars of the popes and the Italian cities against the emperors, Rimini sided with the latter. In the thirteenth century it suffered from the discords of the Ganihaoari and Ansidei families. In 1295 Malatesta I d:i Nerucchio was named "Signore" of

Cathedral of San Francesco, Rimini

Originally XIII Cf-ntury; the exterior rebuilt in Classic .Stylo

after de.siKns of Leone Baptista Alberti, XV Century

the city, and, despite interruptions, his family held authoritv until 1528. Among his successors were: Malatesta II (1312-17); Pandolfo I, his brother (d. 1326), named by Louis the Bavarian imperial vicar in Romagna; Ferrantino, son of Malatesta II (1335), op- posed bv his cousin Ramberto and by Cardinal Bertando del Poggetto (1331), legate of John XXII; Malatesta III, Guastafamiglia (1363), lord also of Pesaro; Malatesta IV I'Ungaro (1373); Galeotto, uncle of the former (1385), lord also of Fano (from 1340), Pesaro, and Cesena (1378); his son Carlo (1429), the noblest scion of the family, laboured for the cessation of the Western Schism, and was the counsellor, protector, and ambassador of Gregory XII, and patron of scholars; Galeotto Roberto (1432), his brother Sigismondo Pandolf (1468) had the militarj- and intelifctual qualities of Carlo Mala- tf«ta but not his character. He was tyrannous and perfidious, in constant rebellion against the popes, a gooil soldier, jK>et, philowipher, and lover of the fine artH, but a monster of doniestic and ptiblic vices; in 1463 he submittrnl lo Pius II, who left him Rimini; Robert, his mm (1482), under Paul II nearly lost his state and under Sixtus IV became the commanding officer of the pontifical army against Alfonso of Naples, by whom he was defeated in the battle of Campo Morto (1482) ; Pandolfo V, his 8f)n (1500), lost Rimini to C<«are Borgia n5(K)-3), after whose overthrow it fell to Venice (1.503-9), but waw retaken by Julius II and incorfK^rated with the territory of the Holy See. After the death of ]a^) X Pandolfo returned for several months, and with his son Sigismondo held tyrannous rule. Adrian VI gave Rimini to the Duke of I'rbino, the fK»fK''H vif-ar. In 1.727 Sigisnifindo managi-d to regain the city, but the following vear the Malatesta dominion pa.sB»ffl away forever. f{imini was thence- forth a papal city, sufjject U) the legate at Forll. In 1845 a band of aidvcnturerH commanded by Ribbolti

entered the city and proclaimed a constitution which was soon abolished. In 1860 Rimini and the Romagna were incorporated with the Kingdom of Italy.

Rimini was probably evangelized from Raventia. Among its traditional martyrs are: St. Innocent ia and companions; Sts. Juventinus, Facundinus, and com- panions; Sts. Theodoras and Marinus. The see was probably established before the peace of Constantine. Among the bishops were: Stennius, at Rome in 313; Cyriacus, one of his successors, sided with the Arians; under St. Gaudentius the famous Council of Rimini was held (359); he was later put to death by the Arians for having cxcommvmicated the priest Marci- anus; Stephanus attended at Constantinople (551); the election of Castor (591) caused much trouble to St. Gregory I, who had to send to Rimini a "visitor"; Agnellus (743) was governor of the city subject to the Archbishop of Ravenna; Delto acted frequently as legate for John VIII; Blessed Arduino (d. in 1009); I'berto II is mentioned with praise by St. Peter Damian; Opizo was one of the consecrators of the Antipope Clement III (Guiberto, 1075); Ranieri II dcgli I'berti (1143) consecrated the ancient cathedral of St. Colomba; Alberigo (1153) made peace between Rimini and Cesena; Bonaventura Trissino founded the hospital of Santo Spirito; under Benno (1230) some pious ladies founded a hospital for the lepers, and themselves caretl for the afflicted. At the end of tlie thirteenth century the Armenians received at Rimini a church and a hospital. P>om 1407 Gregory XII resided at Rimini. Giovanni Rosa united the eleven hospitals of Rimini into one. Under Giulio Parisani (1549) the seminary was opened (1568). Giambattista Castelli (1569) promoted the Triden- tine n^forms and was nuncio at Paris. Andrea Minucci was severely tried during the French Revolu- tion; under him the Malatt'sta church (San Fran- cesco) became the cathedral. The diocese has 124 parishes, 125,400 inhabitants, 336 priests, 10 houses of religious with 56 priests, 24 houses of religious women, who care for the hospitals, orphanages, and other charitable institutions, or communal and private schools. There are also 1 school for boys and 3 for girls.

Cappelletti, Le Chiese d'ltalia, II; Nardi, Cronotassi dei panlori della Chiesa di Rimini (Rimini, 1813); Tonini, Sloria civile e mcra di Rimini (6 vols., Rimini, 1848-88); Idem, Com- pendia della sloria di Rimini (1896) ; Yriarte, Rimini: Etudes sur les leltres el les arts d la cour des Malatesta (Paris, 1882).

U. Benigni,

Rimouski, Diocese of (Sancti Germani db RiMousKi), suffragan of Quebec, comprises the counties of Bonaventure, Gaspe (excej)t Magdalen Islands), Rimouski and the greater part of Temis- eouata, and forms the eastern extremity of the prov- ince of Quebec. At the extreme point of the Gasp^ peninsula (formerly called Honguedo), Jacques Cartier landed on his first voyage of discovery (1534) and plantetl a ctoss with tlie royal arms of I'Vance. The Souriquois or Micmacs occupied the shores of Bale des Chaleurs, and their successive missionaries, RecoUets, Capuchins, Jesuits, amongst them Father Labrosse, and Spirit ians (or priest s of the seminary of the Holy Ghost), including the celebrated Pierre Maillard, ministered to that region of the Rimouski dio- cese. The first Mass was celebrated near the city of Rimouski, at a place since called Pointe-au-Pc^re, by the Jesuit Henri Nouvel, in 13, on his way to the Papinachois and Montagnais of Tadoussac, on the north shore. The first settler at Rimou.ski was CJermain Lejjage (196), whose patronymic was chosen as titular of the future parish and diocese. The B(!igniory had been conceded to his son Rene in 1688. The latest statistics give 120 churches and chapels, with 148 priests. Two wooden churches were built at Rimouski, in 1712 and 1787 respectively; the first stone church, 1824, was replaced by the present