Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 13.djvu/785

 SENS

717

SENS

the end of 668 received the monk Hadrian, sent to England with Archbishop Theodore: perhaps St. Ame (about 676), exiled to P^ronne by Ebroin, and whose name is suppressed by Mgr Duchesne as having been interpolated in the episcopal Usts in the tenth century; St. Vulfran (692-5), a monk of Fontenelle, who soon left the See of Sens to evangelize Frisia and died at Fontenelle before 704; St. Gerie, bishop about 696. In the eighth century: St. Ebbo, at first Abbot of St-Pierre le Vif, bishop before 711, and who in 731 placed himself at the head of his people to compel the Saracens to raise the siege of Sens; and his successor St. Merulf.

In the ninth century great bishops occupied the See of Sens: Magnus, former chaplain of Charle- magne, bishop before 802, author of a sort of hand- book of legislation of which he made use when he journeyed as missus dominicus, or roj^al agent for Charlemagne, died after 817; Jeremias, ambassador at Rome of Louis the Pious in the affair of the Iconoclasts, died in 828; St. Alderic (829-36), former Abbot of Ferrieres, and consecrated Abbot of St. Maur des Fosses at Paris in 832; Venilon (837-65) anointed Charles the Bald, 6 June, 843, in the cathe- dral of Orleans, to the detriment of the privileges of the See of Reims; his chorepiscopus, or auxiliary bishop, was Audrade, author of numerous theolog- ical writings, among others of the poem "De Fonte Vitie" dedicated to Hincmar, and of the "Book of Revelations", by which he sought to put an end to the divisions between the sons of Louis the Pious. In 859 Charles the Bald accused Venilon before the Council of Savonnieres of having betrayed him; the matter righted itself, but opinion continued to hold Venilon guilty and the name of the traitor Ganelon, which occurs in the "Chanson de Roland" is but a popular corruption of the name Venilon. Anse- gisus (871-83), at the death of Louis II, Emperor of Italy, negotiated at Rome for Charles the Bald and brought thence the letter of John VIII inviting Charles to come and receive the imperial crov\Ti. He himself was named by John VIII primate of the Gauls and Germania and vicar of the Holy See for France and Germany, and at the Council of Ponthion was solemnly installed above the other metropolitans despite the opposition of Hincmar; in 880 he anointed Louis III and Carloman in the abbey of Ferrieres. It was doubtless in the time of Ansegisus, while the See of Sens exercised a real primacy, that a cleric of his church compiled the historical work known as the "Ecclesiastical Annals of Sens" or "Gestes des Archeveques de Sens", an attempt to write the his- tory of the first two French dynasties.

Vaultier (887-923) anointed King Eudes in 888, King Robert in July, 922, and King Raoul, 13 July, 923, in the Church of St-Medard at Soissons; he doubtless inherited from his uncle Vaultier, Bishop of Orleans, a superb Sacramentary composed between 855 and 873 for the Abbey of St-Amand at Puelle. This Sacramentary, which he gave to the church of Sens, forms one of the most curious monuments of Carlovingian art and is now in the library of Stock- holm. Among the bishops of Sens may also be men- tioned: St. Anastasius (967-76); Sevinus (976-99), who presided at the Council of St-Basle and brought upon himself the disfavour of Hugh Capet by his opposition to the deposition of Arnoul; Gelduinus (1032-49), deposed for simony by Leo IX at the Council of Reims. The second half of the eleventh century was fatal to the Diocese of Sens. Under the episcopate of Richerius (1062-96), Urban II with- drew primatial authority from the See of Sens to confer it on that of Lyons, and Richerius died with- out having accepted this decision; his successor Daimbert (1098-1122) was consecrated at Rome in March, 1098, only after having given assurance that he recognized the primacy of Lyons. Bishop Henri

Sanglier (1122-42), caused the condemnation by a council in 1140 of certain propositions of Abelard. The see regained great prestige under Hugues de Toucy (1142-68), who at Orleans in 1152 crowned Constance, wife of King Louis VII, despite the protests of the Archbishop of Reims, and under whose episcopate Alexander III, driven from Rome, installed the pontifical Court at Sens for eighteen months after having taken the advice of the bishops.

Among later bishops of Sens were: Guillaume aux Blanches Mains (1168-76), son of Thibaud IV, Count of Champagne, uncle of PhiUp Augustus, and first cousin of Henry II, who in 1172 in the name of Alexander III placed the Kingdom of England under

The Cathedral, Sens

an interdict and in 1176 became Archbishop of Reims; Michael of Corbeil (1194-9), who combated the Manichajan sect of "Pubhcans"; Peter of Corbeil (1200-22), who had been professor of theology of Innocent III; Pierre Roger (1329-30), later Clement VI; Guillaume de Brosse (1330-8), who erected at one of the doorways of the cathedral of Sens an equestrian statue of Phihp VI of Valois, to perpetuate the remembrance of the victory won by the clergy over the pretentions of the legist Pierre de Cugnieres; Guillaume de Melun (1344-75), who together with King John II was taken prisoner by the English at the battle of Poitiers in 1356; Guy de Roye (1385- 90); Henri de Savoisy (1418-22), who at Troyes in 1420 blessed the marriage of Henry VI of England with Catherine of France; Etienne Tristan de Salazar (1475-1519), who concluded the first treaty of al- liance between France and the Swiss; Antoine Duprat (q. v.) 1.525-35, made cardinal in 1527; Louis de Bourbon Vendome (1535-57), cardinal from 1517; Jean Bertrandi (1557-60), cardinal in 1559; Louis de Lorraine (1560-2), Cardinal de Guise from 1553; Nicolas de Relieve (1562-92), cardinal from 1570; Jacques; Davy, Cardinal du Perron (1606-18); Lancet de Gergy (1730-53), first biographer of Mane Alacoque and member of the French Academy; Paul d' Albert (1753-88), Cardinal de Luynes after 1756 and member of the French Academy; Lom(5nie de Brienne (1788-93), minister of Louis XVI,