Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 13.djvu/752

 SEGORBE

684

SEGOVIA

Duke of Alba in the war against Paul IV; immense booty was captured, as the inhabitants of the other towns of the Campagna had fled thither. Segni is the birthplace of Pope St. Vitahanus and of the physician Ezio Cleti. The Cappella Conti in the cathedral is worthy of admiration The first known bishop of Scgni is Sanctulus (about 494) ; among his successors are: St. Bruno (1079), who ^^Tote an ex- cellent commentary on the Scriptures; Trasmundo (1123), deposed for supporting Anacletus II, the anti-pope; on his repentance he was restored; under John III (1138), St. Thoma.s a Becket was canonized in the cathedral (1173) ; Lucio Fazini (14S2), renowned for his erudition; Fra Bernardino Callini (1541), wrote the Ufe of St. Bruno; Giuseppe PanfiH, O.S.A. (1570), deposed and imprisoned on account of his misdeeds; Paolo Ciotti (1784), who governed the diocese with great wisdom during the Revolution. The diocese is immediately subject to the Holy See; it contains 12 parishes; 58 secular and 18 regular priests; 20,000 inhabitants; 3 houses of religious and 8 of nuns; a college for young boys and 5 educational establishments for young girls.

C.vPPELLETTi, Le chiese d'ltalia, II (Venice, 1887).

U. Benigni.

Segorbe (or C.4.stell6x de la Plana), Diocese OF (Segobiensis, or Castellionensis), in Spain, bounded on the north by Castell6n and Teruel, on the east by Castell6n, on the south by Valencia, and on the west by ^'alencia and Teruel, has its jurisdiction in the civil Provinces of Castell6n, Valencia, Teruel, and Cuenca. It is suffragan of Valencia, and its capi- tal, containing 7500 inhabitants, is also the capital of the Province of Castell6n de la Plana. This city, though the capital of a province, has no episcopal see: by the Concordat of 1851 the See of Tortosa, to which dioce.se a large part of the province belongs, is to be transferred to it. According to the common opinion, Segorbe Ls the ancient Segobriga, of which PUny speaks as the capital of Celtiberia. For this reason it is probable that the town has been the seat of a bishopric from very early times; however, no name of any Bishop of Segorbe Ls known earlier than Pro- culus, who signed in the Third Council of Toledo. Porcarius assisted at the Council of Gundemar; An- tonius, at the fourth of Toledo; Floridius, at the seventh; Eusicius, at the ninth and tenth; Memorius, at the eleventh and twelfth; Olipa, at the thirteenth; Anterius at the fifteenth and sixteenth. After this we have no information of its bishops until the Arab in- vasion, when its church was converted into a mosque. In 1172 Pedro Ruiz de Azagra, son of the Lord of Estella, took the city of Albarracln, and succeeded in estabhshmg there a bi.shop (Martin), who took the title of Arcubricense, and afterwards that of Seqohriceme, thinking that Albarracln was nearer to the ancient Segobriga than to Ercdvica, or Arcilbrica. When Segorbe was conquered by Jaime I in 1245, its church was purified, and Jimcno, Bi.shop of Albarracln, took possession of it. The bishops of Valencia ojiposod this, and Amau of Peralta entered the church of Segorbe by force of arms. The controversv beint; referred io Rxjme, the bishops of Segorbe had

Sart of their territory restored to them; but the chism of the West supervened, and the aUitm^ quo continued. In 1571 Francisco Soto Salazar being bishop, the Diocese of Albarracln was separated from Segorbe. Eminent among the bi.shops of the latter was Juan Bautista P^;rez, who exposed the fraudulent chronicl««. In modern times Domingo Canubio, the Dominican, and Francisco Aguilar, author of various historical works, are worthy of mention.

The cathedral, once a mosque, has been completely rebuilt in such a manner that it preserves no trace of Arab architecture. It is connected by a bridge with the old episcopal palace. Its time-stained tower and Its cloister are built on a trapezoidal ground-plan.

The restoration was completed in 1534; and in 1795 the nave was lengthened, and new altars added, in the episcopate of Lorenzo Haedo. Segorbe possessed a castle, in which King Martin of Aragon lived and held his court; but the demolition of this building was be- gun in 1785, and its materials were used for the con- struction of the hospital and Casa de Misericordia. The seminary is in the Jesuit college given by Carlos III. The convents of the Dominicans, Franciscans, the Augustinian nuns, and the Charterhouse {Cartuja) of Valdecristo have been converted to secular uses.

P^rez-Aguilar, Episcopologium Segobricense; Villagrasa, Antiguedades de la Igl. Cat. de Segorbe, etc. (Valencia, 1664); ViLL.\NUEVA, Viaje literario. III, IV; Fl6rez, Esp. Sagrada, VIII (Madrid, 1860) ; Llorente, Valencia in Espana sus monumentos (Barcelona, 1887).

Ram6n Ruiz Am ado.

Segovia, Diocese of (Segoviensis, Segovi.*:), in Spain, is bounded on the north by Valladolid, Burgos, and Soria; on the east by Guadalajara; on the south by Madrid ; on the west by Avila and Valla- dohd. It extends through the civil Provinces of Segovia, Valladolid, Burgos, and Avila. The episcopal city has a population of about 15,000. In ancient times this region was within the country of the Are- vaci. and, according to Plinj-, belonged to the juridi- cal convenlus of Clunia in Hispania Carthagi- nensis. As to the origin of the diocese, the spurious chronicle attributed to Flavins Dexter pretends that its first bishop was Hierotheus, the master of Diony- sius the Areopagite, and disciple of St. Paul. This tradition, propagated by false chronicles, has been refuted by a Segovian, the Marques de Mondejar. It is more probable that Segovia belonged to the Diocese of Palencia until the year 527, when, a cer- tain bishop having been consecrated in violation of the canon law, the metropolitan of Toledo, Montanus,

Chitbch of the Holy Cross, Segovia, 1150

assigned to him for his becoming support the cities of Segovia, Coca, and Britalbo, which he was to keep for life. As Segovia had him for its bishop until his death, which did not take place for some length of time, it then claimed the right to name a successor, a demand favoured by the great size of the Diocese of