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SANCHEZ

turbulent members from the Society, and won over the king, the Inquisition, and prominent personages, so that they became better disposed towards the Society than ever before. Sdnchez was elected one of the representatives of the Province of Toledo to the Fifth General Congregation of the Society, but he remarked that he had a more important journey to make than the one to Rome. He died twelve days later on the feast of the Ascension. Distinguished for unusual mental gifts, Sdnchez was no less remarkable for his sanctity of life; his penances were those of an anchor- ite, his prayer as prolonged as that of any contem- plative. His writings include chiefly short treatises, memorials, and the like. A catalogue and summary of forty-one of these, drawn up by the author, is given by Colin.

CoLfN, Labor Emngelica, new ed. by Pastelus (Barcelona, 1900); SoMMERVOGEL, BM. de la C. de J.: Bibliogr., Ill (Brussels, 1896) ; AsTRAiN, Hist, de la Compafila de Jestis en la Asistencia de Espafla, III (Madrid, 1909); de Guilhermt, Menologe de la Compagnie de Jesus, assistance d'Espagne (Paris, 1902).

P. M. FiNEGAN.

Sanchez, Alonzo Coello, b. at Benyfayro, Va- lencia, Spain, in 1513 or 1515; d. at Madrid, 1590. His name Coello is certainly Portuguese, and was

Portrait of Padre Sioui Sdnchez Coello, The Escorial

probably that of his mother. From his intimate con- nexion with Portugal, Philip II constantly referred to him as his "Portuguese Titian". We have no defi- nite information that Sdnchez was ever in Italy, but he certainly carefully copied the paintings of Titian under the influence of Sir Antonio Mor, who was his great master. In 1552 he accompanied him to Lisbon when Mor was sent by Charles V to paint the por- traits of the royal family, and Sanchez then entered into the service of Don .Juan of Portugal, who had married Joanna, the daughter of Charles and the sister of Philip II. On the death of the Infante Don Juan, his widow recommended her painter to her brother Philip, and as Mor had just left the Court and retired to Brussels, Phihp II appointed Coello pintor de cd- mara. He was one of the earliest of the Spanish court portrait-painters, and as his work was in great demand he became a rich man. He painted Gregory XIII and Sixtus V, many of the grandees of Spain, Cardinal Farnese, and the Dukes of Florence and Sa-

voy. He also executed considerable work at the Es- corial and painted the triumphal arch erected at Madrid for the entry of Anne of Austria, wife of Philip II. Perhaps his most notable portrait, how- ever, was that of St. Ignatius Loyola, executed from casts taken twenty-nine years before, and from in- structions and sketches made by one of the fathers. His greatest portrait was that of his friend. Father Siguenza, which was engraved by Selma. He was buried at Valladolid, where he had founded a home for foundling children. His epitaph was written by L6pez de Vega. Sanchez's colouring resembles that of Titian, and his portraits are powerful and hfehke. There is one in the National Portrait Gallery in Lon- don, another at Vienna, three at Brussels, and several at Madrid. One of the churches of that city also possesses a screen decorated by him and intended to be used during Holy Week. His pictures have always been highly esteemed in Spain, where they have sold for very large sums of money on the few occasions when they came into the market. Coello painted Philip II in almost every kind of costume, on foot and on horseback, and in many attitudes, but he is not generally considered to have been as successful with his royal patron as he was with some of the ecclesiastics, whose portraits he drew in noble proportions.

Pacheco. Arte de la pintura (Seville, 1649); Palomino de Castro y VEL.^.sco, El museo picldrico y escala dptica (Madrid, 1715); Machado, Collecgao de memorias dos pintores (Lisbon, 1823); Stirlixg-Maxwell, Anrials of the Arti.tts of Spain (Lon- don, 1891); Hartley, Spanish Painting (London, 1904).

George Charles Williamson.

Sanchez, Jose Bernardo, b. at Robledillo, Old Castile, Sjjuin, 7 September, 1778; d. at San Gabriel, California, 15 January, 1833. He became a Fran- ciscan on 9 October, 1794, and joined the missionary college of San Fernando, Mexico, in 1803, going to California the following year. He was stationed at Mission San Diego (1804-20); Mission Purisima (1820-1); and at San Gabriel. In ISOG, as chaplain, Fr. Sdnchez accompanied a military expedition against the savages. In 1821 with Fr. Prefect Mariano Payeras he went with an exjjlorirg expedi- tion into the interior to search for new mission sites. From 1S27 to 1831 he reluctantly held the i)osition of pnsidvnie of the missions and of vicar forane to the bishop. He was a very pious and energetic mis- sionary, but dreaded the office of superior. His in- cessant appeals for relief were at last granted, but he survived only two years. During his term he vigorousl}' opposed Governor Echcandia's seculariza- tion sclieme. In a long series of critical notes he showed that the plan would result in the destruction of the missions and the ruin of the neophytes. "As far as it concerns me personally", he wrote, "would that it might be to-morrow, so that I might retire between the four walls of a cell to weep over the time I wasted in behalf of these unfortunates." There is no doubt that the sight of the inevitable ruin has- tened his death. His remains were buried at the foot of the altar of San Gabriel Mission.

Santa Barbara Archives; Records of Mission San Diego, San Carlos, and San Gabriel; Engelhardt, The Franciscans in California (Harbor Springs, Mich., 1897); Bancroft, California (San Francisco, 1886). ZePUYRIN EnGELHARDT.

Sanchez, Thomas, b. at Cordova, 1550; d. in the college of Granada, 19 May, 1610. In 1567 he en- tered the Society of Jesus. He was at first refused admittance on account of an impediment in his speech; however, after imploring delivery from this impediment before a highly venerated picture of Our Lady at Cordova, his application was granted. He held for a time the office of master of novices at Granada. The remainder of his life was devoted to the composition of his works. His death was due to inflammation of the lungs. His contemporaries bear testimony to the energy and perseverance with which he laboured towards self-perfection from his novitiate