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 SAN CARLOS

426

SANCHEZ

number of rural Mexican missions; the Society of Mary (Dayton, Ohio), who conduct two colleges and a parish school at San Antonio and a college at Vic- toria; the Josephite Fathers, in charge of two parishes for coloured Catholics in the city; the Ursuline Nuns, two large academies; the Sisters of the Holy Ghost, devoted to the Mexican and coloured races; the Sis- ters of Our Lady of Charity' of Refuge; the Sisters of St. Theresa of Jesus — all at San Antonio. The Sis- ters of the Incarnate Word and Blessed Sacrament have a fine academy at Victoria, and conduct schools at Halletsville and Shiner; the Sisters of Mercy, an academy and parochial school at Stanton. The Con- gregation of Holy Cross (Xotre Dame, Indiana) con- duct a large college at Austin.

Statistics (1911): priests, 130 (secular, 69; religious, 61); brothers, 65; sisters, 607; parochial schools, 28; pupils, boys 1,290, girls 1,626; colleges and academies (many of which serve also as parish schools), 37; stu- dents', boys 2,173, girls 2,225; theological seminary, 1; students,' 12; Apostolic college, 1 ; students, 49; orphan asylums, 2; inmates, boys, 108, girls, 105; house of refuge, adult inmates, 68; child inmates, 17; to- tal number of j'ouths receiving Catholic training, 7,629; hospitals, 3; number of patients yearly, 2,386; home for aged, 1; inmates, 74; churches with resi- dent p^iest:^, 63; missions wnth churches, 71; total number of churches, 134; stations, 78; chapels, 14; CathoUc population, about 96,5(X).

History of the Catholic Church in the Diocese of San Antonio (San Antonio, 1897) ; Diocesan Archives (unpublished) ; Southern Messenger (San Antonio), files, November, 1S94; Oct., 1895; March, April, 1910; March, 1911. WlLLI.\M CampbELL.

San Carlos de Ancud, Diocese of (Sancti Ca- ROLi A>"cudi.e), the most southern of the Chilian dio- ceses. It extends from the River Cautin on the north to Cape Horn on the south ; comprises the civil Prov- inces of Valdivia, Llanquihue, and Chiloe, part of the Province of Cautin and the Territory of Magallanes; has an area of more than 77,220 sciuare miles, and a population of 371,856 inhabitants, 356,267 of whom are CathoUcs. San Carlos de Ancud (3,500 inhab- itants) is the episcopal citj^ and the other important cities of the diocese are: Valdi\'ia (15,000 inhabitants) ; Puerto Montt (5,500 inhabitants); Osorno (7,600 inhabitants); and Punta Arenas (12, .300 inhabitants). The diocese is di\'ided into 48 parishes. The cathe- dral chapter is compo.sed of the dean, archdeacon, doctoral (councillor), and one canon. The seminary is directed by the Jesuits and has 106 students. There are 69 secular priests and 86 regular. The male re- ligious orders have 30 houses and are represented by 141 members, the orders being the Jesuits, Francis- cans, Capuchins, Discalced Carmelites, Salesians, and Brothers of the Christian Schools. The female religious orders have 18 houses and 95 members. In Puerto Montt there is a college directed by the Jesuits, and an industrial school in charge of the Christian Brothers; in Valdivia there is a commercial school under the care of the Salesians. There are 5 colleges for girls under the care of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of Paderbom, and the Salesian Sisters confluct another; there are also 12 primary schools, five of which are for the Indians; all these schools are in charge of religious teachers. There are 2 orphan asylums, and 6 hospitals in charge of nuns. More than 3, .300 children are taught in these schools. The churches and chapels number 255. The Prefecture Apostolic of AraucanJa is situated within the confines of the diocese, and has 19 missions in charge of German Capuchins from the Province of Bavaria; in these missions there are 18 churches and 13 chapels. The native jxipulafion of this j)r<-fecture is about 60,0CX). The Territory of Magallanes belongs to the Prefecture Apostolic of Southern Patagf)nia, under the care of the Salesians. The Pref<'ct Apos- tolic, Mgr. Jos6 Fagnano, lives in Punta Arenaa. The

missionaries have evangelized the Indians of Pata- gonia and Tierra del Fuego; the latter are composed of three races, Onas, Yaaganes, and Alacalufes, and are greatlj' reduced in numbers.

The diocese was separated from the Diocese of Concepci6n by Gregory XVI, erected 1 July, 1840, b}' the Bull "Ul)i primum", and made a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Santiago. Five bishops have gov- erned the diocese: D. Justo Donoso (1845-53); Fray Francisco de Paula Solar (1857-82); Fray Juan Agus- tin Lucero (1887-97); D. Ram6n Angel Jara (1898- 1910); Fraj^ Pedro Armengol Valenzuela. Three dio- cesan sj-nods, 1851, 1894, and 1907, have been held in the diocese. The clergy annually hold confer- ences from April to October to discuss moral and ethical questions, and make an annual spiritual retreat of eight days. In almost all the parishes a nine day's mission is given to the faithful each year to prepare them for the paschal communion. The people are law-abiding and industrious, and they observe the principles and practices of their religion. Each parish has pious associations and confraternities, such as that of the Blessed Sacrament, and also various asso- ciations for the improvement of morals and for mutual support.

Catdlogo de los Eclesidsticos, etc., de Chile (Santiago, 1911); Anuario Estadistico de Chile (Santiago, 1910); Censo de la Re- publica de Chile de 1907 (Santiago. 1908).

Carlos S. Cotapos.

Sanchez, Alonzo, b. in Mondejar, Guadalajara, Spain, in 1547; d. at Alcald, 27 May, 1593. He en- tered the Society of Jesus at Alcald on 27 May, 1565. He was rector of the college of Navalcarnero, taught grammar for five years, and in 1579 went to the mission of Mexico, where he was rector of the sem- inary. Early in 1581 he set out for the Philippines with Bishop Salazar. Sdnchez and his companion, Antonio Sedeiio, and a lay brother were the first Jesuits in these islands. The bishop made Sdnchez his counsellor, appointed him to write the acts of the Synod of Manila, and, when Siinchez was sent on an embassy to China, interrui^tcd the synod until Sdnchez had returned. Twice San(hez was despatched on official business to China, where he met celebrated Jesuit missionaries of that country and from Japan. He was thus able to publish later an interesting and curious account of the state of Christianity in China at the end of the sixteenth century. By the unani- mous vote of all the Spanish officials, civil and reli- gious, of the merchants and other leading citizens, Sdnchez was chosen to go to Madrid as representative of the colony in 1.586. Sdnchez's mission to Philip II was very successful, his arguments moving the king to retain the islands, which many of his advisors had been urging him to abandon. From Madrid he went to Rome, and was there welcomed by Pope Sixtus V, from whom he received many])rivileges for the Church in the Philippines. In a Brief of 28 June, 1591, Gregory XIV praises the apostolic labours and writ- ings of Sdnchez, calling him a true defender of the authority and rights of the Holy See. Innocent IX addressed to him the Bull " Inter felices", in which he lauds his work. Clement VIII at his request granted various favours to the bishop and clergy in the islands. Sdnchez gave an account of the Jesuit missions in the Philippines to Aquaviva, the General of the Society. It haa been propo.sed to withdraw the fathers from the Archipelago, but Aquaviva, following the plan proposed by Sdnchez, d(!termined that the Society should remain, and made the Manila residence a

ask

ege with hedeno as its nrst rector, ftancnez now ed to be allowed to return to the Philippines, but

college with Sedeno as its first rector. Sdnchez now

was sent instead as visitor to some of the Spanish provinces of the Society of Jesus, where serious do- mestic and external troubles menaced \hv, well-being of the entire Society. The singular tact of Sdnchez gained the day; he expelled some influential but